External Waveguide Magnetic Resonance Imaging for lower limbs at 3 T

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vazquez ◽  
O. Marrufo ◽  
S. E. Solis‐Najera ◽  
R. Martin ◽  
A. O. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging versus lymphoscintigraphy for the assessment of focal lymphatic transport disorders of the lower limb

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (05) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Burgard ◽  
R. Baumeister ◽  
F. Strobl ◽  
A. Rominger ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Lymphatic Transport ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Focal Lesions

SummaryPurpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MR-lym- phangiography) and lymphoscintigraphy for assessment of focal lesions of the peripheral lymphatic system. Patients with focal lymphatic transport disorders might benefit from surgi-cal interventions. Patients, methods: We examined by lymphoscintigraphy and MR- lymphangiography a total of 85 lower limbs in 46 consecutive patients (33 women; mean age 41 years; range 9-79 years) presenting with uni- or bilateral lymphedema. MR-lym- phangiographies were obtained at isotropic sub-millimeter resolution with a 3.0 Tesla magnet after injection of gadolinium contrast medium. MR-lymphangiography was reviewed by radiologists, whereas lymp- hoscintigraphy was reviewed by nuclear medicine physicians. The images were examined for localization and distribution of any focal lesions of the lymphatic vessel system. Diagnostic accuracy of the MR-approach was calculated relative to the lymphoscintigraphy gold standard. Results: There was substantial correlation of results by the two modalities (κ = 0.62). MR-lymphangiography had sensitivity of 68%, specificity of 91%, positive predictive value of 82%, and negative predictive value of 83%. Conclusions: Imaging findings of both lymphoscintigraphy and MR-lymph- angiography showed good diagnostic accuracy. MR-lymphangiography proved more information about anatomic location of focal lesions of the lymphatic vessels, but use of MR-lymphangiography is currently constrained due to the requirement for off-label subcutaneous injection of gadolinium che- lates. Consequently, and due to its superior sensitivity lymphoscintigraphy remains the most common imaging method to assess functional lymphatic disorders of the lower limb.

scholarly journals Hereditary spastic paraplegia: An “ears of the lynx” magnetic resonance imaging sign in a patient with recessive genetic type 11

2020 ◽  
pp. 197140092095382
Author(s):  
Emiliano Ruiz Romagnoli ◽  
Manuel Perez Akly ◽  
Luis A Miquelini ◽  
Jorge A Funes ◽  
Cristina H Besada
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias ◽  
Monogenic Diseases

Hereditary spastic paraplegias are an uncommon group of monogenic diseases that include 79 types of genetic disorders. The most frequent cause of recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia is a mutation in the spastic paraplegia gene type 11 followed by type 15. This group is usually associated with non-specific clinical features like cognitive decline and may precede the progressive weakness and spasticity of lower limbs. The magnetic resonance imaging hallmark of hereditary spastic paraplegia is thinning of the spinal cord. However, brain magnetic resonance imaging may provide relevant clues for specific hereditary spastic paraplegia subtypes, and thinning of the corpus callosum has been described as the most frequent abnormality in almost one-third of recessive hereditary spastic paraplegias. Moreover, a characteristic abnormality affecting the forceps minor of the corpus callosum has been recently reported as the “ears of the lynx” sign and is highly suggestive of type 11 and 15 hereditary spastic paraplegias. We report a patient who was diagnosed with hereditary spastic paraplegia type 11 by exome genetic testing, presenting the ears of the lynx sign in the first magnetic resonance imaging assessment.

scholarly journals Congenital inferior vena cava anomalies: a review of findings at multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Yang ◽  
Henrique Simão Trad ◽  
Silvana Machado Mendonça ◽  
Clovis Simão Trad
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Inferior vena cava anomalies are rare, occurring in up to 8.7% of the population, as left renal vein anomalies are considered. The inferior vena cava develops from the sixth to the eighth gestational weeks, originating from three paired embryonic veins, namely the subcardinal, supracardinal and postcardinal veins. This complex ontogenesis of the inferior vena cava, with multiple anastomoses between the pairs of embryonic veins, leads to a number of anatomic variations in the venous return from the abdomen and lower limbs. Some of such variations have significant clinical and surgical implications related to other cardiovascular anomalies and in some cases associated with venous thrombosis of lower limbs, particularly in young adults. The authors reviewed images of ten patients with inferior vena cava anomalies, three of them with deep venous thrombosis. The authors highlight the major findings of inferior vena cava anomalies at multidetector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, correlating them the embryonic development and demonstrating the main alternative pathways for venous drainage. The knowledge on the inferior vena cava anomalies is critical in the assessment of abdominal images to avoid misdiagnosis and to indicate the possibility of associated anomalies, besides clinical and surgical implications.

“CRANIO-VERTEBRAL JUNCTION ANOMALIES- SPECTRUM ON MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING”

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Sonia Sandip ◽  
Neera Kohli ◽  
Yashvant Singh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Os Odontoideum ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lower Cranial Nerve ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Study Results

OBJECTIVE: This prospective study was done in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George Medical University, Lucknow, over the period of one year from September 2007 to July 2008. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of cranio-vertebral junction anomalies on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fourty patients for whom MRI of cervical spine inc METHODS: luding cranio-vertebral junction was done for varying symptoms and showed imaging features of cranio-vertebral junction anomalies were selected for the study. Results were presented in numerical and percentage forms. There were 34 males and 6 female patients i RESULTS: n the age range of 3-60 years. Maximum number of patients were in the age group between 11-20 years (18 patients-45%) followed by age group of 21-30 years (7 patients-17.5%). Most common presenting symptom was weakness of both upper & lower limbs seen in 16 patients (40 %) followed by neck pain & stiffness in 15 patients (37.5%) and sensory symptoms in 11 patients (27.5%). Weakness of lower limbs, lower cranial nerve dysfunction & bladder bowel symptoms were the least common presenting symptoms seen only in 1 patient (2.5%). Atlanto-axial instability was the most common abnormality present in 30 patients (75%). Occipitilisation of atlas was the second most common abnormality seen in 20 patients (50%) and basilar invagination; third most common abnormality seen in 14 patients (35%). Other less commonly found abnormalities were ossiculum terminale (in 6 patients-15%), platybasia (in 5 patients-12.5%), aplasia of atlas arches(in 3 patients-7.5%), os odontoideum(in 3 patients-7.5%), segmentation failure of C2-C3 (in 3 patients7.5%), clivus segmentation (in 2 patients-5%). Atlanto-axial fusion(in 1 patient 2.5%) & hypoplasia of dens (in 1 patient 2.5%). Most common associated feature was syrinx formation found in 9 patients (22.5%). Out of 40 patients, 34 patient had developmental anomalies (85%) while 6 patients had acquired causes, including tubercular in 5 patients-12.5% & rheumatoid arthritis in 1 patient -2.5%. Myelopathic changes were found in 28 patients (70%) out of which motor symptoms were present in 25 patients (89.29%) .

scholarly journals Arachnoid web: a mystery unravelled

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1324
Author(s):  
Rohit R. Nair ◽  
Purushotham Sastry ◽  
B. Gurumurthy ◽  
Nandish K. C. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Considerable Improvement ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vertebral Level ◽  
Contrast Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Whole Spine

<p class="keywords">A 47-year-old lady came with complaints of dull aching low backache and numbness over both the lower limbs since six months, aggravated since one week. She had tenderness over dorsal (D8-D10) and lumbar (L4-L5) spinal and paraspinal regions. Radiographs were inconclusive. Plain and contrast Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the dorso-lumbar (D-L) spine with whole spine screening were also inconclusive initially. But close observation and serial viewing of all the sections revealed features of an arachnoid web at D7-D8 vertebral level. Patient underwent D7, D8 laminectomy with durotomy and arachnoid web excision. She had considerable improvement in her symptoms after the surgery. Hence, prompt recognition and early surgery ensure good outcomes in this uncommon yet relevant clinical entity.</p>

scholarly journals Acute Onset Asymmetric Sensorimotor Paraparesis: Not Always Spinal!

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Dhananjay Gupta ◽  
Pradeep R ◽  
Anish Mehta ◽  
Mahendra Javali ◽  
Purshottam T. Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Brain

Objective: To report an atypical case of acute onset sensorimotor paraparesis secondary to bilateral cerebral stroke. Background: Acute onset paraparesis or paraplegia is usually secondary to a spinal cord disease. Central or cerebral causes of paraparesis are rare and include parasagittal and bilateral precentral lesions. Design/Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: A 65-year-old man presented with acute onset weakness of both lower limbs, associated with pins and needle sensation. On examination, he was found to have paraparesis (grade 2/5, both legs) and an asymmetric sensory loss in both legs and thighs. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging ruled out any compressive or noncompressive etiology. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed an acute infarction in the bilateral cerebral hemisphere in both the pre- and postcentral gyrus. An angiogram of the brain revealed an aplastic right ACA-A1 with left ACA-A1 feeding bilateral A2. There was distal left ACA-A1 stenosis seen, the probable cause of bilateral stroke in this patient. The patient was treated conservatively and showed symptomatic improvement during the course of stay at the hospital. Conclusion: This case of acute paraparesis secondary to bilateral cerebral infarction demonstrates the need to always look for a cerebral cause. In patients with cerebral infarction, who present early to a hospital, it may provide a window for thrombolytic or endovascular therapy.

Evidence-Based Clinical Anatomy of the Popliteofibular Ligament and Its Importance in Orthopaedic Surgery: Cadaveric Versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging Meta-analysis and Radiological Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 036354652095041
Author(s):  
Przemysław A. Pękala ◽  
Mitchell R. Mann ◽  
Jakub R. Pękala ◽  
Krzysztof A. Tomaszewski ◽  
Robert F. LaPrade
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Clinical Anatomy ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Popliteofibular Ligament ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Mri Studies

Background: The popliteofibular ligament (PFL) is a static stabilizer of the posterolateral corner of the knee, preventing varus angulation, tibial rotation, and posterior translation. The PFL is anatomically variable, and there is no current review that outlines its prevalence rate and morphological variations. Purpose: To investigate the anatomic prevalence and morphological qualities of the PFL in various global patient populations via a meta-analysis of relevant literature involving both cadaveric dissections and patient-based research using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Study Design: Meta-analysis. Methods: We pooled literature data detailing PFL prevalence rates and performed a retrospective MRI study of 100 knees to determine the overall PFL prevalence. Data searches and analyses were performed according to Anatomical Quality Assurance and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results: There were 30 cadaveric studies and 11 MRI studies (including our radiological investigation), representing a total of 1595 lower limbs. The meta-analysis of cadaveric studies showed a higher prevalence of the PFL than the meta-analysis of MRI studies, with 98.4% (95% CI, 97.5%-99.2%) and 89.0% (95% CI, 73.9%-98.6%), respectively. Our MRI investigation reported a PFL prevalence of 92.0%. Conclusion: The PFL was found to be a constant or rarely absent anatomic structure of the human knee according to the analysis of cadaveric dissection studies, and it was identified notably less on MRI, albeit not significantly. Increasing PFL anatomic knowledge, including awareness of its prevalence and morphological diversity, will improve injury diagnoses, treatment methods, and prognoses.

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