scholarly journals Cervical cancer in Sub‐Saharan Africa: a multinational population‐based cohort study on patterns and guideline adherence of care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Griesel ◽  
Tobias P Seraphin ◽  
Nikolaus CS Mezger ◽  
Lucia Hämmerl ◽  
Jana Feuchtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Guideline Adherence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cervical cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multinational population-based study on patterns of care

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Griesel ◽  
J Feuchtner ◽  
T Seraphin ◽  
L Hämmerl ◽  
N Mezger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Patterns Of Care ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of cervical cancer awareness among women of reproductive age: evidence from Benin and Zimbabwe population-based data

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Barrow ◽  
Adeyinka Onikan ◽  
Chimezie Igwegbe Nzoputam ◽  
Michael Ekholuenetale
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a prominently diagnosed form of cancer in several resource-constrained settings particularly within the sub-Saharan African region. Globally, Africa region has the highest incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer. The high prevalence has been attributed to several factors including lack of awareness of the disease. The aim of this paper is to explore the prevalence and factors associated with awareness of cervical cancer among women of reproductive age in Republic of Benin and Zimbabwe, sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We used population-based cross-sectional data from Benin Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) and Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) respectively. BDHS 2017–18 and ZDHS - 2015 are the 5th and 6th rounds of the surveys respectively. About 15,928 and 9955 women aged 15–49 years were included in this study respectively. The awareness of cervical cancer among women of reproductive age in Benin and Zimbabwe was measured dichotomously; yes (if a woman heard of cervical cancer) vs. no (if a woman has not heard of cervical cancer). All significant variables from the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval. Results While majority (79.2%) of women from Zimbabwe have heard about cervical cancer, only about one-tenth (10.2%) of their Beninese counterparts have heard about the disease. Advanced maternal age, having formal education, use of internet, having professional/technical/managerial occupation significantly increased the odds of awareness of cervical cancer after adjusting for other confounders. However, in Benin, women who resided in the rural area and those of Islamic belief had 20% (AOR = 0.80; 95%CI: 0.64, 0.99) and 35% (AOR = 0.65; 95%CI: 0.50, 0.86) reduction in the odds of awareness of cervical cancer respectively, when compared with women from urban residence and Christianity. Results from the predictive marginal effects showed that, assuming the distribution of all factors remained the same among women, but every woman is an urban dweller, we would expect 11.0 and 81.0% level of awareness of cervical cancer; If everywoman had higher education, we would expect 20.0 and 90% level of awareness of cervical cancer and if instead the distribution of other maternal factors were as observed and other covariates remained the same among women, but all women were in the richest household wealth quintile, we would expect about 11.0 and 83.0% level of awareness of cervical cancer, among women of reproductive age from Benin and Zimbabwe respectively. Conclusion The study has revealed that socio-demographical factors including geographical location and selected economic factors explained the inequality in distribution of women’s awareness on cervical cancer in both countries. Designing an effective population-based health education and promotion intervention programs on cervical cancer will be a great way forward to improving women’s awareness level on cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer survival in sub‐Saharan Africa by age, stage at diagnosis and Human Development Index: A population‐based registry study

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (11) ◽  
pp. 3037-3048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazvita Sengayi‐Muchengeti ◽  
Walburga Yvonne Joko‐Fru ◽  
Adalberto Miranda‐Filho ◽  
Marcel Egue ◽  
Marie‐Therese Akele‐Akpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Population Based Registry

scholarly journals Psychiatric care use among migrants to Sweden compared with Swedish-born residents: a longitudinal cohort study of 5 150 753 people

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e002471
Author(s):  
Anna-Clara Hollander ◽  
Euan Mackay ◽  
Hugo Sjöqvist ◽  
James B Kirkbride ◽  
Sofie Bäärnhielm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Duration Of Stay ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Health Registers

BackgroundTo investigate differences in psychiatric care use over time between Swedish born and those born abroad who migrate to Sweden.MethodsPopulation-based cohort study analysing linked population and health registers, following individuals born 1944–1990 from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2016. Time-stratified survival analysis using Cox regression estimated time to psychiatric care use. Population included 5 150 753 individuals with 78.1% Swedish born. Migrant status was coded as Swedish born or migrant. Migrants were grouped by year of immigration and region of origin. The main outcome: psychiatric care use, defined as any psychiatric care; psychiatric inpatient or outpatient care; or use of psychotropics.ResultsMigrants arriving before 2005 had a higher use of any psychiatric care relative to Swedish born but migrants arriving 2005 onwards had lower use. Migrants from sub-Saharan Africa and Asia had a lower use of any psychiatric care during the first decade in Sweden whereas migrants from Middle East and North Africa had a higher use, driven by use of psychotropics.ConclusionsThe lower use of psychiatric care during the first decade contrasts with higher use among migrants with a longer duration of stay. Psychiatric care use among migrants should be analysed multi-dimensionally, taking duration of stay, region of origin and type of care into account.

scholarly journals Direct maternal morbidity and the risk of pregnancy-related deaths, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa: A population-based prospective cohort study in 8 countries

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. e1003644
Author(s):  
Fahad Aftab ◽  
Imran Ahmed ◽  
Salahuddin Ahmed ◽  
Said Mohammed Ali ◽  
Seeba Amenga-Etego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Newborn Outcomes ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background Maternal morbidity occurs several times more frequently than mortality, yet data on morbidity burden and its effect on maternal, foetal, and newborn outcomes are limited in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to generate prospective, reliable population-based data on the burden of major direct maternal morbidities in the antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal periods and its association with maternal, foetal, and neonatal death in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Methods and findings This is a prospective cohort study, conducted in 9 research sites in 8 countries of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted population-based surveillance of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) to identify pregnancies. Pregnant women who gave consent were include in the study and followed up to birth and 42 days postpartum from 2012 to 2015. We used standard operating procedures, data collection tools, and training to harmonise study implementation across sites. Three home visits during pregnancy and 2 home visits after birth were conducted to collect maternal morbidity information and maternal, foetal, and newborn outcomes. We measured blood pressure and proteinuria to define hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and woman’s self-report to identify obstetric haemorrhage, pregnancy-related infection, and prolonged or obstructed labour. Enrolled women whose pregnancy lasted at least 28 weeks or those who died during pregnancy were included in the analysis. We used meta-analysis to combine site-specific estimates of burden, and regression analysis combining all data from all sites to examine associations between the maternal morbidities and adverse outcomes. Among approximately 735,000 women of reproductive age in the study population, and 133,238 pregnancies during the study period, only 1.6% refused consent. Of these, 114,927 pregnancies had morbidity data collected at least once in both antenatal and in postnatal period, and 114,050 of them were included in the analysis. Overall, 32.7% of included pregnancies had at least one major direct maternal morbidity; South Asia had almost double the burden compared to sub-Saharan Africa (43.9%, 95% CI 27.8% to 60.0% in South Asia; 23.7%, 95% CI 19.8% to 27.6% in sub-Saharan Africa). Antepartum haemorrhage was reported in 2.2% (95% CI 1.5% to 2.9%) pregnancies and severe postpartum in 1.7% (95% CI 1.2% to 2.2%) pregnancies. Preeclampsia or eclampsia was reported in 1.4% (95% CI 0.9% to 2.0%) pregnancies, and gestational hypertension alone was reported in 7.4% (95% CI 4.6% to 10.1%) pregnancies. Prolonged or obstructed labour was reported in about 11.1% (95% CI 5.4% to 16.8%) pregnancies. Clinical features of late third trimester antepartum infection were present in 9.1% (95% CI 5.6% to 12.6%) pregnancies and those of postpartum infection in 8.6% (95% CI 4.4% to 12.8%) pregnancies. There were 187 pregnancy-related deaths per 100,000 births, 27 stillbirths per 1,000 births, and 28 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births with variation by country and region. Direct maternal morbidities were associated with each of these outcomes. Conclusions Our findings imply that health programmes in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia must intensify their efforts to identify and treat maternal morbidities, which affected about one-third of all pregnancies and to prevent associated maternal and neonatal deaths and stillbirths. Trial registration The study is not a clinical trial.

Systematic review of cervical cancer prevalence and determinants of early detection in Sub-Saharan Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Eleazar Ndabarora ◽  
Dariya Mukamusoni ◽  
Clarte Ndikumasabo ◽  
Védaste Ngirinshuti
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa in particular. There is evidence that early detection and early management of cases are the best strategies to prevent and control this health threat, since treatment of the later stages of the diseases are very expensive. The objectives of the review were: (1) to identify and review studies on the prevalence of cervical cancer and determinants of early detection in Sub-Saharan Africa, and (2) to recommend further studies and interventions based on the findings of this review. Extensive literature search was conducted using the MeSH terms. Articles on cervical cancer and/or determinants of early detection which fulfilled inclusion criteria were reviewed independently by three reviewers. The prevalence of cervical cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa is increasing. Although there are evidences that cervical cancer screening programs are practical and feasible even in resource-limited settings in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a very low uptake of cervical cancer screening and there are key factors that need to be addressed in order to make these programs established and effective.

Cervical Cancer and its Aetiology in Sub-saharan Africa: A Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Godstime I. Irabor ◽  
Ayodele J. Omotoso ◽  
Martin A. Nnoli ◽  
Kenneth A. Omoruyi ◽  
Edoise M. Isiwele
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan
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