scholarly journals Participatory mapping reveals socioeconomic drivers of forest fires in protected areas of the post‐conflict Colombian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Arthur Tebbutt ◽  
Tahia Devisscher ◽  
Laura Obando‐Cabrera ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo Gutiérrez García ◽  
Maria Constanza Meza Elizalde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Participatory Mapping ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Socioeconomic Drivers ◽  
Colombian Amazon

scholarly journals The effects of armed conflict on forest cover changes across temporal and spatial scales in the Colombian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar V. Bautista-Cespedes ◽  
Louise Willemen ◽  
Augusto Castro-Nunez ◽  
Thomas A. Groen
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Colombian Amazon

AbstractThe Amazon rainforest covers roughly 40% of Colombia’s territory and has important global ecological functions. For more than 50 years, an internal war in the country has shaped this region. Peace negotiations between the government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) initiated in 2012 resulted in a progressive de-escalation of violence and a complete ceasefire in 2016. This study explores the role of different deforestation drivers including armed conflict variables, in explaining deforestation for three periods between 2001 and 2015. Iterative regression analyses were carried out for two spatial extents: the entire Colombian Amazon and a subset area which was most affected by deforestation. The results show that conflict variables have positive relationships with deforestation; yet, they are not among the main variables explaining deforestation. Accessibility and biophysical variables explain more variation. Nevertheless, conflict variables show divergent influence on deforestation depending on the period and scale of analysis. Based on these results, we develop deforestation risk maps to inform the design of forest conservation efforts in the post-conflict period.

scholarly journals Reducing deforestation in Colombia while building peace and pursuing business as usual extractivism?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Krause
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
Rural Land Use ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Status ◽  
Colombian Amazon

In this article, I examine the contradictions and tensions in Colombia's simultaneous embrace of REDD+ and a peace-building process premised on continued extractivism. Colombia is emerging from an internal conflict that lasted more than 50 years. In this process rural land-use is being transformed, generating new conflicts over land use and control with detrimental effects on Colombia's forests. Based on official documents, reports, existing scholarly work, interviews and observations collected during fieldwork in the Colombian Amazon, I analyze the ways in which peace-building and post-conflict transition have precipitated factors which have aggravated land conflicts and led to the escalation of deforestation in Colombia. I argue that Colombia's current REDD+ efforts mainly serve to attract international funding and legitimize the status quo since they remain disconnected from the structural processes that directly and indirectly drive deforestation. As such, REDD+ in Colombia contributes to a contradictory neoliberal approach to development, which promises to safeguard the environment, while supporting large-scale extractive industries, mining, cattle ranching and intensive agriculture, resulting in the increase in deforestation and forest degradation.Key Words: Colombia, post-conflict, peace-building, extractivism, deforestation, REDD+

scholarly journals Mapping and Inventory of Forest Fires in Andhra Pradesh, India: Current Status and Conservation Needs

ISRN Forestry ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudhakar Reddy ◽  
P. Hari Krishna ◽  
K. Anitha ◽  
Shijo Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Tiger Reserve

Analyzing the spatial extent and distribution of forest fires is essential for sustainable forest management. The present study appraises the distribution of forest fires in one of the largest states in India, Andhra Pradesh, using satellite remote sensing. Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) onboard on Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS P6) was used for mapping and analyzing the spatial extent of burnt areas. Comparative analysis was carried out with respect to different forest types, protected areas and across elevation zones to demarcate and identify the fire-affected areas. The results show that about 19% (8594 km2) of forest area were burnt in the state during 2009. Burnt area statistics for Protected Areas reveal that 24% of forest cover was affected by fire. Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve, the largest tiger reserve of the country, shows an area of 793 km2 (22%) under forest fire. Higher elevation areas which are predominantly dominated by savannah and woodlands experienced higher fire occurrence in comparison with lower elevation areas. Similarly, fires were prevalent near edges compared to core forest. Results of the study suggested that forests of Andhra Pradesh are prone to high fire occurrences and current fire regime poses a severe conservation threat to biodiversity both within and outside the Protected Areas.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DAS CONDIÇÕES DE TRABALHO DE BRIGADISTAS DE COMBATE A INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL

FLORESTA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilton César Fiedler ◽  
Thiago Oliveira Rodriges ◽  
Marcelo Brilhante De Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Ecological Reserve ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Job Conditions

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar as condições de trabalho, treinamento, saúde e segurança dos brigadistas de combate a incêndios florestais no Distrito Federal. A pesquisa foi realizada nas Unidades de Conservação da Fazenda Água limpa, Reserva Ecológica do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e Instituto Jardim Botânico de Brasília. A coleta de dados foi feita com a aplicação de um questionário em forma de entrevista individual. Participaram da avaliação todos os 53 brigadistas das Unidades de Conservação. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a brigada do Jardim Botânico de Brasília tinha um alto percentual de treinados (92,8%), todos com cursos de primeiros socorros e um alto percentual de trabalhadores com problemas de saúde (33,3%). Os brigadistas da Reserva Ecológica do IBGE em sua grande maioria exerciam o trabalho por gosto pela atividade (84,6%), eram bem treinados (92,3%), todos participaram de cursos de primeiros socorros e o percentual de acidentes foi o mais baixo (7,7%). Na brigada da Fazenda Água Limpa foram encontrados os menores percentuais de treinados (39,1%), maiores percentuais de acidentes (17,4%), menores percentuais de pessoas que exerciam a função por gosto pela atividade (30,4%) e menores percentuais de pessoas com problemas de saúde (8,7%). A grande maioria dos brigadistas nas três Unidades de Conservação ressaltou a questão da necessidade de regulamentação das brigadas e atentaram para a insatisfação quanto aos equipamentos de proteção individual utilizados e inadequada reposição. ANALYSIS OF JOB CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST FIRE CREW MEMBERS IN DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRAZIL Abstract This work had as objective to evaluate the job conditions and aspects related to training, health and safety of forest fire crew members in Distrito Federal. The work was carried out at some Protected Areas including Água Limpa Farm, Ecological Reserve of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and Brasília Botanical Garden. The data was collected through individual interviews with 53 fire crew members. The results shown that the fire crew members of Brasília Botanical Garden had a high number of training for forest fires (92,8%), all members obtained first aid courses and there was a high number of health problems (33,3%). The fire crew members of IBGE Ecological Reserve shown a high percentage of satisfaction with the activity (84,6%) and forest fire training (92,3%), all members took first aid courses and there was a low accident rate (7,7%). At Água Limpa Farm there were few fire crew members with training (39,1%), high percentage of accidents (17,4%) and low percentage of health problems (8,7%). Most of the fire crew members at the three Protected Areas shown dissatisfaction with the equipment and job regulations.

scholarly journals Deforestation in Colombian protected areas increased during post-conflict periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Clerici ◽  
D. Armenteras ◽  
P. Kareiva ◽  
R. Botero ◽  
J. P. Ramírez-Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Post Conflict

scholarly journals Effect of Protected Areas on Human Populations in the Context of Colombian Armed Conflict, 2005–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Roberto Rodríguez-Díaz ◽  
Víctor Javier Colino-Rabanal ◽  
Alejandra Gutierrez-López ◽  
María José Blanco-Villegas
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
Quasi Experimental

It is widely recognised that conservation policies in protected areas must also favour the development and viability of human populations. Although much research has focused on economic consequences, understanding the real impact of conservation on local populations requires a more holistic standpoint. Using quasi-experimental matching methods and a diachronic perspective, the biodemographic and socio-economic effects of Colombia’s National Natural Parks (NNPs) were evaluated (all in a context of internal conflict and post-conflict). The analyses were made for the set of NNPs and then grouped into four natural regions (Andes, Caribbean, Amazon-Orinoquía and Pacific) and two conflict intensities. Differences were found mainly for NNPs with low-intensity conflict, but only for biodemographic variables, not for socio-economic ones. Starting from a situation of disadvantage, a relative improvement in the conditions of the NNP municipalities was observed throughout the 13-year period in relation to the control group. Results should be taken with caution due to the conflict situation, but the lack of correlation between biodemographic and socio-economic aspects highlights the need to include more complex approaches in protected area management policies.

scholarly journals Gorillas in the midst: the impact of armed conflict on the conservation of protected areas in sub-Saharan Africa

Oryx ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Glew ◽  
M.D. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Joint Consideration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe frequently anecdotal nature of evidence concerning the impact of warfare on conservation poses numerous problems and there have been calls to apply a strict set of conditions to such data to improve the rigor of scientific analysis in this field. To illustrate the difficulties, however, of applying strict quantitative conditions on such data a deterministic model of conflict-linked deforestation in sub-Saharan Africa was constructed and the implications of the model discussed. Our model indicates that from 1990–2005 approximately 35,000 ha of timber have been used to support officially recorded UN refugees in this region: this is a continuing impact, albeit quantified using data with some potential error. An alternative semi-quantitative approach was also used, with reported environmental impacts of conflict assessed for reliability and severity using a number of empirical criteria. Data focusing on the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda were subsequently analysed using this framework. Illegal resource exploitation was identified as the primary impact resulting from conflict and, in some instances, a driver of the hostilities. From the joint consideration of the conflict and post-conflict phases such exploitation is concluded to be the product of lawlessness and anarchy generated by violent uprisings rather than violence per se. As such, armed conflict does not pose a novel threat to protected areas but rather amplifies threats extant during peace, creating a need for appropriate responses by those involved in conservation management. With both the occurrence and violence of conflicts in sub-Saharan Africa increasing, the impacts of warfare are pertinent to both the immediate and long-term management of biological resources in the region.

scholarly journals EFICIÊNCIA DE COMBATE AOS INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO BRASILEIRAS

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-400
Author(s):  
Antonio Henrique Cordeiro Ramalho ◽  
Nilton Cesar Fiedler ◽  
Rayane Aparecida Silva Menezes ◽  
Leonardo Duarte Biazatti ◽  
Flávio Cipriano de Assis do Carmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Initial Attack ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Fire Information ◽  
Occurrence Records

A precariedade dos planos de combate aos incêndios florestais, torna o fogo a principal ameaça às Unidades de Conservação. Os Registros de Ocorrência de Incêndios (ROIs) são estratégias para aumentar a eficiência no enfrentamento aos incêndios. Assim, com a presente pesquisa objetivou-se analisar a eficiência de combate aos incêndios florestais em Unidades de Conservação brasileiras. Foram utilizados os ROIs do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Fogo referentes ao intervalo de 2010 a 2020. Foram avaliados o número de ROIs completos e incompletos, tipos de detecção, quantidade de área queimada, tempo de detecção, de ataque e de combate. Os resultados evidenciaram que apenas 52,33% dos ROIs estavam completos e que 2019 foi o ano com mais ROIs completos. Os pontos de observação e a ronda foram os principais métodos de detecção. As unidades de conservação brasileiras sofreram com a destruição de 31.918.617,41 hectares no período analisado, que significa índice de severidade extremo. Conclui-se que as unidades de conservação brasileiras apresentam baixa eficiência de combate aos incêndios florestais, principalmente de ataque inicial e combate, sendo necessário melhorar a eficiência da detecção e combate, infraestrutura, realizar treinamentos e conscientização sobre a importância dos ROIs. Palavras-chave: proteção florestal; registro de ocorrência de incêndios; áreas protegidas.   Firefighting efficiency in Brazilian Protected Areas   ABSTRACT: The precariousness of plans to combat forest fires, makes fire the main threat to Protected areas. Fire Occurrence Records (ROIs) are strategies to increase efficiency in fighting fires. Thus, we aimed analyze the efficiency of fighting forest fires in Brazilian Protected Areas. ROIs by National Fire Information System for the period 2010 to 2020 were used. The number of complete and incomplete ROIs, types of detection, amount of area burned, time of detection, attack and combat were evaluated. The results showed that only 52.33% of the ROIs were complete and that 2019 was the year with the most complete ROIs. Observation points and patrol were the main detection methods. Brazilian protected areas suffered from the destruction of 31,918,617.41 hectares in the analyzed period, which means an extreme severity index. It is concluded that Brazilian protected areas have low efficiency in combating forest fires, mainly in initial attack and combat, and it is necessary to improve the efficiency of detection and combat, infrastructure, conduct training and awareness about the importance of ROIs. Keywords: forest protection; record of fire occurrences; protected areas.

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