Personality and Sleep: Neuroticism and Conscientiousness Predict Behaviourally Recorded Sleep Years Later

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatan Križan ◽  
Garrett Hisler
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subjective Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Sleep Continuity

Sleep is one key feature of people's lives that defines their daily routine and reflects overall health and well–being. To test the relevance of personality for core aspects of sleep, we examined if personality traits across the five broad personality domains predicted behaviourally recorded, week–long sleep characteristics up to five years later (alongside subjective sleep quality). Data from 382 participants (63% female, aged 34–82 years) were drawn from the longitudinal study on Midlife in the United States Study—Biomarker project. In terms of mean tendencies, both neuroticism and conscientiousness signalled more sleep continuity (fewer interruptions) alongside better subjective quality. In terms of intra–individual sleep variability, neuroticism predicted more variability in sleep duration, continuity, and subjective sleep quality, while conscientiousness predicted less variability in sleep duration and sleep continuity. Extraversion, agreeableness, and openness traits did not generally foreshadow behaviourally recoded sleep, only higher ratings of subjective quality. These links were robust to the impact of demographic factors and were not moderated by the duration of time between personality and sleep assessments. The findings distinguish which personality traits foreshadow core aspects of sleep and also implicate multiple traits as predictors of variability, not just mean tendencies, in behaviourally recorded sleep. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology

304 The relationship between basic personality, subjective sleep duration, and psychological distress during a military deployment

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A121-A121
Author(s):  
Walter Sowden ◽  
Alexxa Bessey ◽  
Julie Merrill ◽  
Ashlee Mckeon ◽  
Jake Choynowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
The United States ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Extended, overseas operations (deployments) increase the likelihood that military personnel will experience psychological distress. Reduced sleep during deployments is a key correlate of psychological distress. Thus, it is imperative to identify mechanisms that adaptively modulate the relationship between insufficient sleep and psychological distress. Research has recently connected basic personality traits (i.e., the Big Five: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) to more sleep. The current project aimed to examine the relationship between basic personality traits, subjective sleep duration (SSD), and psychological distress during an operational deployment. Methods 488 soldiers took surveys both prior to and half-way through a nine-month deployment. The pre-deployment survey included the Big Five Index, and three standardized measures of psychological distress commonly used to screen military personnel for anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder; GAD-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-8), and post-traumatic stress (Posttraumatic Symptom Disorder Checklist; PCL-4). The mid-deployment survey included an item from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index measuring SSD and the same psychological distress measures from the pre-deployment survey. General linear models were used to test the interaction between SSD and each basic personality trait on each measure of psychological distress at mid-deployment while accounting for psychological distress at pre-deployment. Results Of the Big Five, conscientiousness was the only trait to significantly moderate the relationship between SSD and anxiety, t = 2.11, p = .035, where higher conscientiousness weakened the relationship. Further only agreeableness attenuated the relationship between depression and SSD, t = 2.10, p = .036. Interestingly, the only Big Five trait that moderated the relationship between SSD and PTS was openness, insomuch that openness strengthened the relationship, t = -1.92, p = .055. Conclusion The relationship between SSD and psychological distress was uniquely impacted by different personality traits. These results reinforce the age-old concept that behavior is the product of a complex, nuanced, and puzzling interaction between the individual and the environment. The current research motivates further research into personality as an adaptive mechanism for optimizing military wellbeing. Support (if any) Support for this study came from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP) of the United States Army Medical Research and Development Command (USAMRDC).

Sleep continuity, stability and organization in good and bad sleepers

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532090309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Conte ◽  
Mariangela Cerasuolo ◽  
Giuseppina Fusco ◽  
Fiorenza Giganti ◽  
Iginio Inserra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Frequency Stability ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Quality Perception ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Sleep Continuity ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Sleep Recording ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between objective and subjective sleep quality is still debated. Here, we investigate differences in objective sleep parameters in habitual subjective good sleepers and bad sleepers with the aim of evaluating sleep continuity, stability and organization as possible determinants of subjective sleep quality. In total, 38 subjects (good sleepers, N = 18; bad sleepers, N = 20) underwent two nights of sleep recording. Traditional sleep parameters displayed no between-groups differences. Conversely, bad sleepers showed lower sleep continuity (awakenings frequency), stability (e.g. arousals and state transitions frequency) and organization (e.g. number of sleep cycles and time spent in cycles). Our findings point to the involvement of these measures in determining habitual sleep quality perception and suggest the possibility to include them in standard sleep assessments.

scholarly journals The Benefits of Closed-Loop Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Subjective Sleep Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Robinson ◽  
Natalie Bryant ◽  
Joshua Maxwell ◽  
Aaron Jones ◽  
Bradley Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation

Background: Poor sleep quality is a common complaint, affecting over one third of people in the United States. While sleep quality is thought to be related to slow-wave sleep (SWS), there has been little investigation to address whether modulating slow-wave oscillations (SWOs) that characterize SWS could impact sleep quality. Here we examined whether closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation (CL-tACS) applied during sleep impacts sleep quality and efficiency. Methods: CL-tACS was used in 21 participants delivered at the same frequency and in phase with endogenous SWOs during sleep. Sleep quality was assessed in the morning following either verum or sham control stimulation during sleep, with order counterbalanced within participants. Results: Higher sleep quality and efficiency were found after verum stimulation nights compared to control. The largest effects on sleep quality were found immediately following an adaptation night in the laboratory for which sleep quality was reduced. Conclusions: Applying CL-tACS at the same frequency and phase as endogenous SWOs may offer a novel method to improve subjective sleep quality after a night with poor quality sleep. CL-tACS might be helpful for increasing sleep quality and efficiency in otherwise healthy people, and in patients with clinical disorders that involve sleep deficits.

773 The relationship between personality and sleep: Subjective cognition as a mediator

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A301-A301
Author(s):  
Anthony Schmiedeler ◽  
Maggie Connell ◽  
Ashley Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Everyday Cognition ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Cognitive Failures ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Research has found relationships between sleep quality and personality traits. Poor subjective sleep quality has been observed within individuals scoring high in Neuroticism and low in Conscientiousness. Personality traits have also been associated with cognitive functioning and the link being worse cognition and poor sleep quality is established. However, less is known regarding the role of cognitive functioning in the relationship between personality and sleep quality, particularly in aging populations. This study investigated whether subjective cognition acted as a mediator between individual personality traits and subjective sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults. Methods Middle-aged and older adults (N=269; Mage= 64.5, SD=7.8; 123 women/146 men) who were cognitively healthy completed an online survey through Qualtrics measuring demographics, personality (Big Five Inventory-10; BFI-10), self-reported sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI), and subjective everyday cognition (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire; CFQ). Separate mediation analyses using SPSS PROCESS macro [and testing for indirect effects using 5,000 bootstrapped samples and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and controlling for conditional associations among all pathways] examined whether subjective everyday cognition (CFQ scores) mediated the relationship between different personality traits (BFI-10 Conscientiousness and Neuroticism scores) and self-reported sleep (PSQI-Total Score), controlling for age and sex. Results Neuroticism and PSQI-Total Score was partially mediated by CFQ. There was a significant association between Neuroticism and total PSQI (total effect=0.588, SE=0.110, p<0.001). There were positive associations between Neuroticism and CFQ (a-path effect=2.765, SE=0.383, p<0.001) and CFQ and PSQI (b-path effect=0.068, SE=0.017, p<0.001). The indirect effect was significant (effect=0.187, SE=0.054, 95% CI=0.088 to 0.301). There was no association between Conscientiousness and PSQI-Total Score (total effect=-0.123, SE=0.133, p=0.358), therefore mediation analysis (testing of CFQ as a mediator) was discontinued. Conclusion In middle-aged and older adults, subjective everyday cognition mediates the relationship between Neuroticism personality trait and self-reported sleep quality. Individuals scoring higher in Neuroticism report worse subjective sleep quality as their subjective cognitive failures increase. Findings underscore the interacting roles of personality and everyday cognition on perceived sleep. Clinicians should consider individual personality profiles (via personality assessments) and subjective everyday cognitive ratings for a better understanding of the factors impacting middle-aged and older adults’ sleep profiles. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Cannabis Use and Sleep: A look at the Expectations, Outcomes, and the Role of Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Winiger ◽  
Leah Hitchcock ◽  
Angela Bryan ◽  
Cinnamon Bidwell
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: Estimate the associations between cannabis use with expectations of cannabis being a sleep aid, subjective sleep outcomes, and the influence of age on these relationships. Methods: In 152 moderate cannabis users (67% female, mean age = 31.45, SD = 12.96, age range = 21-70) we assessed the influence of cannabis use history and behaviors on expectations of cannabis being a sleep aid and subjective sleep outcomes via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). We used moderation analysis to examine the role of age in the relationship between cannabis use and subjective sleep outcomes. Results: Cannabis use along with more frequent cannabis use were associated with increased expectations that cannabis use improves sleep (all β > 0.03, p < 0.04). Frequency of recent cannabis use and reported average THC or CBD concentration were largely not associated with subjective sleep outcomes. However, endorsing current cannabis use was associated with worse subjective sleep quality (β = 1.34, p = 0.02) and increased frequency of consuming edibles was associated with worse subjective sleep efficiency (β = 0.03, p = 0.04), lower sleep duration (β = 0.03, p = 0.01), and higher global PSQI scores (worse overall sleep) (β = 0.10, p = 0.01). Furthermore, age was determined to have a moderating influence on the relationship between increased concentration of CBD and both better sleep duration and sleep quality (both p < 0.03). Conclusion: Cannabis users have higher expectations of cannabis being a sleep aid, but few associations existed between cannabis use and subjective sleep outcomes with the exceptions of endorsing any cannabis use and frequency of edible use. Additionally, age may be an important moderator of the potential positive influence CBD concentration can have on sleep.

scholarly journals 0195 Social Determinants of Sleep: Inside Relationships with Significant Others

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A76-A77
Author(s):  
Z Mousavi ◽  
M Tran ◽  
K R Kuhlman
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Lower Strain

Abstract Introduction Social relationships impact health through different mechanisms. Sleep problems are prevalent among adults in the USA, negatively impacting all-cause mortality, and increasing the risk for chronic diseases such as depression, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. This study aimed to assess whether the quality of an individual’s relationship with their significant other including support and strain, subjective relationship quality, joint decision making, marital risk, and conflict are associated with clinical, subjective, and objective measures of sleep. Methods Participants were selected from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study if they had complete data on subjective sleep quality from the MIDUS II biomarker project and shared a bed with their partner (n=751, 49.5% female, Mage=53.4, SDage=11.2, range= 34–83). Subjective sleep quality was measured using the PSQI. A subset of these participants (n=246, 50.8% female) also completed 7-days of daily diary and actigraphy. Results Sleep disturbances were pervasive; 44.1% (n=331) of participants reported clinically meaningful sleep disturbances (PSQI&gt;=5). Among the smaller sample of participants with 7-day sleep data, sleep disturbances were even more prevalent (60.9%). There were significant bivariate associations between higher support and lower strain with better subjectively and objectively sleep outcomes. Better subjective relationship quality was also associated with better subjectively measured sleep outcomes. Higher marital risk and more disagreement with partner were associated with poorer sleep. When accounting for all marital relationship factors, participants with higher support and lower strain given to partner had a better long-term sleep quality, b= 1.93, SE= .54, p&lt;.001. Relationship quality was also associated with better daily sleep quality and daily reports of feeling rested, b = -.12, SE= .05, p=.023, and b= .11, SE = .048, p=.023, respectively. These relationships remained significant after accounting for age, current employment status, recent major health events, average daily caffeine, alcohol, exercise, and napping. Conclusion These findings support the importance of considering social determinants of sleep, suggesting that relationships with significant others may impact health through sleep quality. This highlights the importance of sleep as a transdiagnostic physiological mechanism that could be enhanced through improvements to relationships with significant others. Support N/A

scholarly journals Relationship between Cortisol Changes during the Night and Subjective and Objective Sleep Quality in Healthy Older People

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Matias M. Pulopulos ◽  
Vanesa Hidalgo ◽  
Sara Puig-Perez ◽  
Teresa Montoliu ◽  
Alicia Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Older People ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Subjective Socioeconomic Status

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the nighttime cortisol release was associated with subjective and objective sleep quality and the discrepancy between them. Forty-five healthy older adults (age range from 56 to 75 years) collected salivary samples immediately before sleep and immediately after awakening on two consecutive nights. Actigraphy was used to assess objective sleep quality and quantity. A sleep diary was used to assess subjective sleep quality. Linear mixed models were performed using subjective and objective sleep quality data from 76 nights to investigate between-subject associations. We observed that larger changes in cortisol levels between sleep onset and awakening, reflecting a healthier circadian rhythm of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, were associated with better subjective sleep quality, but not with objective sleep quality. Moreover, smaller changes in nighttime cortisol were associated with lower subjective sleep quality relative to objective sleep quality. All these results were observed even after controlling for important confounders such as sleep quantity, age, sex, subjective socioeconomic status, stress perception, depression, physical activity, and adherence to the salivary sampling protocol. This study demonstrates that subjective sleep quality in older people may be explained, to some extent, by the activity of the HPA axis.

SUBJECTIVE SLEEP QUALITY AND INTEROCEPTIVE SENSITIVITY CADETS

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
A. Denisiievska
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation ◽  
Interoceptive Sensitivity

The article presents the research of the problem of sleep quality of students. After the theoretical analysis of the problem of healthy sleep among cadets and students it was defined that these categories of population are one of the most sensitive to sleep problems, because of changing their social status, increasing responsibility, requirements and tense schedule. This problem is also relevant because of the current military-political situation. The article presents the results of empirical research, which shows the difference between the components of sleep quality among cadets and students. It has been found that there are significant differences between cadets and students by such components as «subjective sleep quality», «sleep latency», «sleep duration», «use of sleeping medication», «daytime dysfunction», which show higher results at cadets. There are no significant differences between cadets and students according to the calculated index of interoceptive sensitivity. Average rates for cadets and students are close to high. Also, there was revealed connection between interoceptive sensitivity and subjective quality of sleep, which is defined by a weak negative correlation between these two indicators. In addition, there also were found a strong positive correlation between sleep duration and interoceptive sensitivity and a weak negative correlation between sleep disturbance and interoceptive sensitivity. The received results open up the opportunities to further research such as: a more detailed and volume study of sleep quality, an intensification of the study of connection between interoception, indicators of sleep quality and subjective sleep quality on different samples.

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