Test of Nyborg's General Trait Covariance (GTC) model for hormonally guided development by means of structural equation modeling

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Reuter ◽  
Petra Netter ◽  
Jürgen Hennig ◽  
Changiz Mohiyeddini ◽  
Helmuth Nyborg
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Trait Covariance

Nyborg's General Trait Covariance (GTC) model for hormonally guided development investigates the influence of gonadal hormones and fluid intelligence on body build, achievement, and socioeconomic variables. According to the model, testosterone should be negatively related to height, fat/muscle ratio, intelligence, income, and education. It is conceived that this influence should be determined to a great extent by mutual relationships between these variables. The model was tested by means of structural equation modeling (SEM) in a sample of 4375 males who had served in the United States Armed Forces. The results largely confirm Nyborg's androtype model but in addition reflect the relationships between the variables included in a quantitative causal manner. It could be shown that testosterone has a negative influence on crystallized intelligence and that this effect is mainly mediated by the negative influence of testosterone on education. An additional multiple group analysis testing for structural invariance across age groups revealed that the mediating role of education is more pronounced in old veterans. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

To Be Or Not To Be Visible In Company-Managed Virtual Communities?

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
Imene Ben Yahia
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
The Relationship

This research investigates how the companies' efforts' visibility influence VCs members' loyalty. Based on the relationship marketing and the signaling theory, it posits that perceived benefits by members influence loyalty through the full mediation of the relationship investments and the relationship quality. However, this influence is moderated by the visibility of companies' efforts. Data from 342 members of company-managed virtual communities were collected. The sample was divided into two groups according to the visibility of the company's efforts. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques and multi-group analysis. Results show that this influence is significant when the efforts of the company are visible and not significant when they are not. Providing benefits to members is then not enough to foster loyalty. The company has to be a visible partner who contributes in the success of the virtual community.

scholarly journals Influences on Attitudes Regarding Potential COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall Pogue ◽  
Jamie L. Jensen ◽  
Carter K. Stancil ◽  
Daniel G. Ferguson ◽  
Savannah J. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
The World ◽  
Short And Long Term

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage the world, with the United States being highly affected. A vaccine provides the best hope for a permanent solution to controlling the pandemic. However, to be effective, a vaccine must be accepted and used by a large majority of the population. The aim of this study was to understand the attitudes towards and obstacles facing vaccination with a potential COVID-19 vaccine. To measure these attitudes a survey was administered to 316 respondents across the United States by a survey corporation. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships of several factors with attitudes toward potential COVID-19 vaccination. Prior vaccine usage and attitudes predicted attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. Assessment of the severity of COVID-19 for the United States was also predictive. Approximately 68% of all respondents were supportive of being vaccinated for COVID-19, but side effects, efficacy and length of testing remained concerns. Longer testing, increased efficacy and development in the United States were significantly associated with increased vaccine acceptance. Messages promoting COVID-19 vaccination should seek to alleviate the concerns of those who are already vaccine-hesitant. Messaging directed at the benefits of vaccination for the United States as a country would address the second predictive factor. Enough time should be taken to allay concerns about both short- and long-term side effects before a vaccine is released.

Evaluating the Construct Validity of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being Using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Yuan Hsu ◽  
Tze-Li Hsu ◽  
KoFan Lee ◽  
Lori Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Measurement Models

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the construct validity of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB) using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). The data were drawn from the national survey of Midlife in the United States conducted during 1994 and 1995. Measurement models assuming different number of factors (1-6 factors) and considering the effect of negatively wording items were specified and compared to determine optimal number of underlying factors. The discriminant validity was assessed following Farrell’s suggestions. The results showed the discriminant validity was questionable due to five indicators with considerable cross-loadings.

scholarly journals Effect of practical training on the learning motivation profile of Japanese pharmacy students using structural equation modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Yamamura ◽  
Rieko Takehira
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Multiple Group

Purpose: To establish a model of Japanese pharmacy students’ learning motivation profile and investigate the effects of pharmaceutical practical training programs on their learning motivation. Methods: The Science Motivation Questionnaire II was administered to pharmacy students in their 4th (before practical training), 5th (before practical training at clinical sites), and 6th (after all practical training) years of study at Josai International University in April, 2016. Factor analysis and multiple-group structural equation modeling were conducted for data analysis. Results: A total of 165 students participated. The learning motivation profile was modeled with 4 factors (intrinsic, career, self-determination, and grade motivation), and the most effective learning motivation was grade motivation. In the multiple-group analysis, the fit of the model with the data was acceptable, and the estimated mean value of the factor of ‘self-determination’ in the learning motivation profile increased after the practical training programs (P= 0.048, Cohen’s d= 0.43). Conclusion: Practical training programs in a 6-year course were effective for increasing learning motivation, based on ‘self-determination’ among Japanese pharmacy students. The results suggest that practical training programs are meaningful not only for providing clinical experience but also for raising learning motivation.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Patient-Centeredness and Perceptions of Care among Medicaid Patients in Hospital Obstetrical Units

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Aragon ◽  
Liana J. Richardson ◽  
Wanda Lawrence ◽  
Sabina B. Gesell
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Patient Centeredness ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Multigroup Structural Equation Modeling

Objective. This study examined to what degree patient-centeredness—measured as an underlying ability of obstetrical nurses—influenced Medicaid patients’ satisfaction with care in hospital obstetrical units.Design. Multigroup structural equation modeling design, using three cross-sectional random samples (n=300each) from the 2003 Press Ganey National Inpatient Database.Setting. Self-administered mail surveys.Participants. 900 Medicaid recipients recently discharged from inpatient hospital obstetrical units across the United States.Methods. Multigroup structural equation modeling was used to test the goodness of fit between a hypothesized model based on the Primary Provider Theory and patients’ ratings of nurses.Results. The model fitted the data well, was stable across three random samples, and was sustained when compared to a competing model. The patient-centeredness of nurses significantly influenced overall patient satisfaction and explained 66% of its variability. When nurses’ patient-centeredness increased by one standard deviation, patients’ satisfaction increased by 0.80 standard deviation.Conclusion. This study offers a novel approach to the measurement of the patient-centeredness of nurses and a paradigm for increasing it and its influence on Medicaid patients’ satisfaction in hospital obstetrical units.

scholarly journals Does Stigma Toward Anal Sexuality Impede HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States? A Structural Equation Modeling Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Bryan A. Kutner ◽  
Jane M. Simoni ◽  
Kevin M. King ◽  
Steven M. Goodreau ◽  
Andrea Norcini Pala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Impact of Crowded Restaurant Perception on Affectivity and Behavioral Intentions

Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-442
Author(s):  
A. Celil Cakci ◽  
Nurhayat İflazoglu ◽  
Levent Altinay
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Negative Effect

This research aims to assess the influence of restaurant customers' perceived crowdedness on their behavioral intentions. The data were collected via a questionnaire developed based on the literature. Obtained 459 questionnaires were analyzed using explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods. It was determined that perception of human crowdedness impacted behavioral intentions in a positive manner, while the perception of spatial crowdedness had a negative influence. Therefore, findings show that perceived human crowdedness does not influence affectivity, whereas spatial crowdedness has a negative effect on it.

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