Lifespan development of personality and developmental outcome domains

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis F. M. van Lieshout
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Lifespan Development ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The Life Course

Commenting on the papers of this special issue, an evolutionary and lifespan perspective was taken. A model was proposed of parallels in the trajectories of the development of personality and developmental outcome domains across the life course. Despite findings of mean‐level change in personality development, the hypothesis was propagated of absence of normative change in personality development and developmental outcome domains across the life course, combined with the preservation of stable individual differences for the majority of people and unstable individual differences for minorities. The role of the role of personality in psychological processes involved in problem solving on developmental outcome domains needs further systematic study. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Theories of Personality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra M Brandes ◽  
Kathleen Wade Reardon ◽  
Jennifer L Tackett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Adult Individual ◽  
Foundational Research ◽  
The Life Course

The study of personality development has seen significant advances in the last two decades. For many years, youth and adult individual differences were studied from separate theoretical standpoints. However, more recent research has indicated that teenagers display personality traits in many of the same ways as adults. These personality traits are moderately stable throughout the life course, but there are important developmental shifts in their expression, structure, and maturation, especially in adolescence. This has resulted in an effort to study youth personality “in its own right” (Tackett, Kushner, De Fruyt, & Mervielde, 2013). Early personality associations with important lifelong outcomes including academic achievement, mental health, and interpersonal relationships further underscore the importance of studying traits in youth. Here we discuss current consensus and controversy on adolescent personality and highlight foundational research on the topic.

Environment

2013 ◽  
pp. 290-295
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Holroyd ◽  
Nicholas C. Harvey ◽  
Mark H. Edwards ◽  
Cyrus Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Life Course

Musculoskeletal disease covers a broad spectrum of conditions whose aetiology comprises variable genetic and environmental contributions. More recently it has become clear that, particularly early in life, the interaction of gene and environment is critical to the development of later disease. Additionally, only a small proportion of the variation in adult traits such as bone mineral density has been explained by specific genes in genome-wide association studies, suggesting that gene-environment interaction may explain a much larger part of the inheritance of disease risk than previously thought. It is therefore critically important to evaluate the environmental factors which may predispose to diseases such as osteorthritis, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis both at the individual and at the population level. In this chapter we describe the environmental contributors, across the whole life course, to osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis, as exemplar conditions. We consider factors such as age, gender, nutrition (including the role of vitamin D), geography, occupation, and the clues that secular changes of disease pattern may yield. We describe the accumulating evidence that conditions such as osteoporosis may be partly determined by the early interplay of environment and genotype, through aetiological mechanisms such as DNA methylation and other epigenetic phenomena. Such studies, and those examining the role of environmental influences across other stages of the life course, suggest that these issues should be addressed at all ages, starting from before conception, in order to optimally reduce the burden of musculoskeletal disorders in future generations.

scholarly journals PREDICTORS OF SELF-CONTINUITY IN LATER LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S308-S308
Author(s):  
Charikleia Lampraki ◽  
Dario Spini ◽  
Daniela Jopp
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Multilevel Hierarchical Models ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract Self-continuity is an identity mechanism that inter-connects past and present experiences with future expectations, creating a coherent whole. However, research is limited regarding inter-individual differences and life course determinants of change in self-continuity. Using a life-course perspective on vulnerability, we investigate how the accumulation of resources (e.g., social, hopeful attitude) and the occurrence of critical life events (e.g., childhood adversity, divorce) across the life course may affect changes in self-continuity. Data derived from the LIVES Intimate Partner Loss Study conducted in Switzerland from 2012 to 2016 (3 waves). The sample consisted of individuals having experienced divorce (N = 403, Mage = 55.43) or bereavement (N = 295, Mage = 69.91) in the second half of life, using a continuously married group as a reference (N = 535, Mage = 65.60). Multilevel hierarchical models were used. Results indicated that as individuals grew older they experienced more self-continuity. More childhood adversity was negatively associated with inter-individual differences in self-continuity for all groups. Divorcees with more childhood adverse events felt significantly less self-continuity as they grew older than divorcees with less childhood adversity. In the bereaved group, more childhood adversity and less hope was linked to lower levels of self-continuity. More hopeful married individuals felt more self-continuity as they grew older than less hopeful ones. In sum, findings demonstrate that self-continuity changes as a function of age, but also differs with regard to the critical life events experienced across the life course and the availability of resources.

scholarly journals Intracohort Trends in Ethnic Earnings Gaps: The Role of Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311984574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meir Yaish ◽  
Limor Gabay-Egozi
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Ethnic Inequality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Wage Premiums ◽  
Earnings Gap ◽  
The Life Course

This study demonstrates that studying ethnic/racial inequality on the basis of cross-sectional data conceals how such inequality might unfold over the life course. Moving beyond a snapshot perspective, we ask, Do Israel’s Jewish ethnic groups differ in their long-term earnings trajectories? Analyzing nearly 20 years of registered earnings data, the authors find that for the same cohort (25- to 32-year-old Jews in 1995), the ethnic earnings gap has widened over these years. This trend, we demonstrate, is explained largely by increasing wage premiums for college degree, even when these premiums are ethnicity blind. That is, ethnic inequality in educational attainment is translated to increasing ethnic earnings inequality over the life course. This pattern cannot be detected in previous research in Israel, which relied on the snapshot perspective on the basis of cross-sectional data. The consequences of these findings for changes in inequality in divided societies are discussed.

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