scholarly journals Field and greenhouse application of an attract‐and‐kill formulation based on the yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum and the insecticide spinosad to control Drosophila suzukii in grapes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urban Spitaler ◽  
Carlo S Cossu ◽  
Lorenz Delle Donne ◽  
Flavia Bianchi ◽  
Guillermo Rehermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Attract And Kill

scholarly journals Persistence of a Yeast-Based (Hanseniaspora uvarum) Attract-and-Kill Formulation against Drosophila suzukii on Grape Leaves

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Flavia Bianchi ◽  
Urban Spitaler ◽  
Irene Castellan ◽  
Carlo S. Cossu ◽  
Timothy Brigadoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Potato Dextrose Broth ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Attract And Kill ◽  
Over Time

The production of phagostimulant and attractive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by yeasts can be exploited to improve the efficacy of attract-and-kill formulations against the spotted wing drosophila (SWD). This study evaluated the persistence over one week of a yeast-based formulation under greenhouse conditions. Potted grape plants were treated with: (i) potato dextrose broth (PDB), (ii) PDB containing spinosad (PDB + S), and (iii) H. uvarum fermentation broth grown on PDB containing spinosad (H. u. + S). Laboratory trials were performed to determine the survival and the oviposition rate of SWD after exposure to treated leaves. Ion-exchange chromatography was performed to measure carbohydrates, sugar alcohols, and organic acids on leaf surfaces, while amino acids were assessed through liquid chromatography–mass-spectrometry. Additionally, the VOCs released by plants treated with H.uvarum were collected via closed-loop-stripping analysis and compared to those emitted by untreated leaves. A higher mortality was observed for adult SWDs in contact with H. uvarum containing spinosad compared to PDB containing spinosad. Generally, a decrease in the amounts of non-volatile compounds was observed over time, though numerous nutrients were still present one week after treatment. The application of the yeast-based formulation induced the emission of VOCs by the treated leaves. The concentration of 2-phenylethanol, one of the main VOCs emitted by yeasts, decreased over time. These findings describe the presence of potential phagostimulants and compounds attractive to SWD in a yeast-based attract-and-kill formulation and demonstrate the efficacy of the formulation over one week.

scholarly journals Separate and combined Hanseniaspora uvarum and Metschnikowia pulcherrima metabolic volatiles are attractive to Drosophila suzukii in the laboratory and field

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jones ◽  
M. T. Fountain ◽  
C. S. Günther ◽  
P. E. Eady ◽  
M. R. Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Species ◽  
Field Trapping ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Metschnikowia Pulcherrima ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Relative Attractiveness

AbstractDrosophila suzukii flies cause economic losses to fruit crops globally. Previous work shows various Drosophila species are attracted to volatile metabolites produced by individual fruit associated yeast isolates, but fruits naturally harbour a rich diversity of yeast species. Here, we report the relative attractiveness of D. suzukii to yeasts presented individually or in combinations using laboratory preference tests and field trapping data. Laboratory trials revealed four of 12 single yeast isolates were attractive to D. suzukii, of which Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Hanseniaspora uvarum were also attractive in field trials. Four out of 10 yeast combinations involving Candida zemplinina, Pichia pijperi, M. pulcherrima and H. uvarum were attractive in the laboratory. Whilst a combination of M. pulcherrima + H. uvarum trapped the greatest number of D. suzukii in the field, the efficacy of the M. pulcherrima + H. uvarum combination to trap D. suzukii was not significantly greater than traps primed with volatiles from only H. uvarum. While volatiles from isolates of M. pulcherrima and H. uvarum show promise as baits for D. suzukii, further research is needed to ascertain how and why flies are attracted to certain baits to optimise control efficacy.

scholarly journals Comparative Lipidomics of Different Yeast Species Associated to Drosophila suzukii

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Flavia Bianchi ◽  
Urban Spitaler ◽  
Peter Robatscher ◽  
Rudi F. Vogel ◽  
Silvia Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Chemical Enrichment ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Behavioral Trials ◽  
The Relationship

Yeasts constitute a dietary source for the spotted wing drosophila (SWD) and produce compounds that attract these flies. The study of the chemical composition of the yeast communities associated with SWD should therefore help to understand the relationship between the biology of the insect and the yeast’s metabolism. In the present study, the lipidome of five yeast species isolated from grapes infested by SWD (three Hanseniaspora uvarum strains, Candida sp., Issatchenkia terricola, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Saccharomycopsis vini) and a laboratory strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was explored using an untargeted approach. Additionally, the lipid profile of two species, S. cerevisiae and H. uvarum, which were reported to elicit different responses on SWD flies based on feeding and behavioral trials, was compared with a chemical enrichment approach. Overall, 171 lipids were annotated. The yeast species could be distinguished from each other based on their lipid profile, except for the three strains of H. uvarum, which were very similar to each other. The chemical enrichment analysis emphasized diversities between S. cerevisiae and H. uvarum, that could not be detected based on their global lipid profile. The information concerning differences between species in their lipidome may be of interest to future entomological studies concerning the yeast-insect interaction and could help to explain the responses of SWD to diverse yeast species.

scholarly journals Associations of Yeasts with Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii; Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Cherries and Raspberries

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (14) ◽  
pp. 4869-4873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Hamby ◽  
Alejandro Hernández ◽  
Kyria Boundy-Mills ◽  
Frank G. Zalom
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Larval Frass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rich History

ABSTRACTA rich history of investigation documents variousDrosophila-yeast mutualisms, suggesting thatDrosophila suzukiisimilarly has an association with a specific yeast species or community. To discover candidate yeast species, yeasts were isolated from larval frass, adult midguts, and fruit hosts ofD. suzukii. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) technology and decimal dilution plating were used to identify and determine the relative abundance of yeast species present in fruit juice samples that were either infested withD. suzukiior not infested. Yeasts were less abundant in uninfested than infested samples. A total of 126 independent yeast isolates were cultivated from frass, midguts, and fruit hosts ofD. suzukii, representing 28 species of yeasts, withHanseniaspora uvarumpredominating. This suggests an association betweenD. suzukiiandH. uvarumthat could be utilized for pest management of the highly pestiferousD. suzukii.

scholarly journals Monitoramento de Drosophila suzukii e Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) e sua resposta em testes de atratividade por leveduras

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Carla Andressa Bulgarelli
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Zaprionus Indianus ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum

As espécies invasivas como os drosofilídeos Drosophila suzukii e Zaprionus indianus, afetam diferentes culturas no Brasil. Com isso objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a associação destas moscas com diferentes leveduras em ensaios no campo e monitorar a abundância relativa das espécies no total de drosofilídeos coletados em locais com variada antropização, a saber: CEASA – Campinas (alta antropização); Pedra Branca – Campinas (média antropização); Frutopia – São Bento do Sapucaí e NPMSBS – São Bento do Sapucaí (média antropização), Pindamonhangaba (baixa antropização). Em paralelo, foram feitos experimentos para verificar a atratividade de iscas com duas espécies de leveduras (Hanseniaspora uvarum e Saccharomyces cerevisiae) para Z.indianus e D. suzukii. Deste modo, caracterizaram-se variações na abundância relativa das espécies, buscando correlações com variáveis abióticas (temperatura) e bióticas (espécies de fermento associadas).

Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Host-Related Foraging Odor-Cue Combinations to Attract Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 2850-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R Cloonan ◽  
Johnattan Hernández-Cumplido ◽  
Ana Luiza Viana De Sousa ◽  
Dagmara Gomes Ramalho ◽  
Hannah J Burrack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Mate Finding ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Isobutyl Acetate ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The invasive spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is a major pest of soft-skinned fruits. Since its introduction into North America and Europe, significant progress has been made in understanding the volatile cues used by this fly during food, oviposition site, and mate finding. Despite this progress, commercially available lures are non-selective. Here, we tested two Hanseniaspora uvarum (Niehaus) yeast compounds (isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate) and a leaf compound β-cyclocitral alone and in combination with a blend of four fermentation compounds (‘Fermentation lure’: acetic acid, ethanol, methionol, and acetoin) to improve D. suzukii attraction and selectivity. In laboratory assays, males and females were attracted to all seven individual compounds, although in electrophysiological assays, their antennae exhibited a dose-dependent response to only four of these compounds. In two-choice cage studies, the Fermentation lure was more attractive to D. suzukii than water controls, whereas β-cyclocitral and the mixture of isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate were not attractive in this larger-cage study. Moreover, adding the two-component H. uvarum compound blend to the Fermentation lure reduced D. suzukii attraction to the Fermentation blend. When these experiments were repeated in blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, and cherry orchards across several states in the United States over 2 yr, similar outcomes were observed: β-cyclocitral or the mixture of the H. uvarum blend did not improve the attractiveness of the Fermentation lure or its selectivity. This study demonstrates that cues from different sources may interfere with each other and reduce D. suzukii attraction to otherwise attractive odor combinations.

Development of an Attract-and-Kill Strategy for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Evaluation of Attracticidal Spheres Under Laboratory and Field Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin B. Rice ◽  
Brent D. Short ◽  
Tracy C. Leskey
Keyword(s):  
Field Conditions ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Attract And Kill

scholarly journals Differential Impacts of Yeasts on Feeding Behavior and Development in Larval Drosophila suzukii (Diptera:Drosophilidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret T. Lewis ◽  
Kelly A. Hamby
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Yeast Community ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Larval Drosophila encounter and feed on a diverse microbial community within fruit. In particular, free-living yeast microbes provide a source of dietary protein critical for development. However, successional changes to the fruit microbial community may alter host quality through impacts on relative protein content or yeast community composition. For many species of Drosophila, fitness benefits from yeast feeding vary between individual yeast species, indicating differences in yeast nutritional quality. To better understand these associations, we evaluated how five species of yeast impacted feeding preference and development in larval Drosophila suzukii. Larvae exhibited a strong attraction to the yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum in pairwise yeast feeding assays. However, larvae also performed most poorly on diets containing H. uvarum, a mismatch in preference and performance that suggests differences in yeast nutritional quality are not the primary factor driving larval feeding behavior. Together, these results demonstrate that yeast plays a critical role in D. suzukii’s ecology and that larvae may have developed specific yeast associations. Further inquiry, including systematic comparisons of Drosophila larval yeast associations more broadly, will be necessary to understand patterns of microbial resource use in larvae of D. suzukii and other frugivorous species.

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