Target site mutations underlying insecticide resistance in Tunisian populations of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) on peach orchards and potato crops

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amen Hlaoui ◽  
Olga Chiesa ◽  
Christian C. Figueroa ◽  
Rebha Souissi ◽  
Emanuele Mazzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Potato Crops

scholarly journals The properties of a carboxylesterase from the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.), and its role in conferring insecticide resistance

1977 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan L. Devonshire
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
First Order ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Peach Potato Aphid

Carboxylesterases from different strains of Myzus persicae were examined to try to understand their contribution to insecticide resistance. Preliminary evidence that they are involved comes from the good correlation between the degree of resistance and the carboxylesterase and paraoxon-degrading activity in aphid homogenates. Furthermore the carboxylesterase associated with resistance could not be separated from the insecticide-degrading enzyme by electrophoresis or ion-exchange chromatography. Homogenates of resistant aphids hydrolysed paraoxon 60 times faster than did those of susceptible aphids, yet the purified enzymes from both sources had identical catalytic-centre activities towards this substrate and also towards naphth-1-yl acetate, the latter being hydrolysed by both 2×106 times faster than paraoxon. These observations provide evidence that the enzyme from both sources is identical, and that one enzyme hydrolyses both substrates. This was confirmed by relating the rate of paraoxon hydrolysis to the rate at which paraoxon-inhibited carboxylesterase re-activated. Both had the same first-order rate constant (0.01min−1), showing clearly that the hydrolysis of both substrates is brought about by the same enzyme. Its Km for naphth-1-yl acetate was 0.131mm, and for paraoxon 75pm. The latter very small value could not be measured directly, but was calculated from substrate-competition studies coupled with measurements of re-activation of the diethyl phosphorylated enzyme. Since the purified enzymes from resistant and susceptible aphids had the same catalytic-centre activity, the 60-fold difference between strains must be caused by different amounts of the same enzyme resulting from mutations of the regulator gene(s) rather than of the structural gene.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of insecticide resistance in the lymphatic filariasis vectorCulex quinquefasciatus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Fabricio Silva Martins ◽  
Craig Stephen Wilding ◽  
Alison Taylor Isaacs ◽  
Emily Joy Rippon ◽  
Karine Megy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Site Mutation ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Bendiocarb Resistance

ABSTRACTCulex quinquefasciatusplays an important role in transmission of vector-borne diseases of public health importance, including lymphatic filariasis (LF), as well as many arboviral diseases. Currently, efforts to tackleC. quinquefasciatusvectored diseases are based on either mass drug administration (MDA) for LF, or insecticide-based interventions. Widespread and intensive insecticide usage has resulted in increased resistance in mosquito vectors, includingC. quinquefasciatus. Herein, the transcriptome profile of Ugandan bendiocarb-resistantC. quinquefasciatuswas explored to identify candidate genes associated with insecticide resistance. Resistance to bendiocarb in exposed mosquitoes was marked, with 2.04% mortality following 1h exposure and 58.02% after 4h. Genotyping of the G119SAce-1target site mutation detected a highly significant association (p<0.0001; OR=25) between resistance andAce1-119S. However, synergist assays using the P450 inhibitor PBO or the esterase inhibitor TPP resulted in markedly increased mortality (to ≈80%), suggesting a role of metabolic resistance in the resistance phenotype. Using a novel, custom 60K whole-transcriptome microarray 16 genes significantly overexpressed in resistant mosquitoes were detected, with the P450Cyp6z18showing the highest differential gene expression (>8-fold increase vs unexposed controls). These results provide evidence that bendiocarb-resistance in UgandanC. quinquefasciatusis mediated by both target-site mechanisms and over-expression of detoxification enzymes.

scholarly journals Evolutionary trade‐offs of insecticide resistance — The fitness costs associated with target‐site mutations in the nAChR of Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (14) ◽  
pp. 2661-2675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Homem ◽  
Bliss Buttery ◽  
Ewan Richardson ◽  
Yao Tan ◽  
Linda M. Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Multiple insecticide resistance target sites in adult field strains of An. gambiae (s.l.) from southeastern Senegal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
El hadji Diouf ◽  
El hadji Amadou Niang ◽  
Badara Samb ◽  
Cheikh Tidiane Diagne ◽  
Mbaye Diouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
National Malaria Control Programme ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Malaria Control Programme ◽  
Insecticide Susceptibility ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides

Abstract Background High coverage of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are the cornerstones of vector control strategy in Senegal where insecticide resistance by the target vectors species is a great of concern. This study explores insecticide susceptibility profile and target-site mutations mechanisms within the Anophelesgambiae complex in southeastern Senegal. Methods Larvae of Anopheles spp. were collected in two sites from southeastern Senegal Kedougou and Wassadou/Badi in October and November 2014, and reared until adult emergence. Wild F0 adult mosquitoes were morphologically identified to species. Susceptibility of 3–5-day-old An. gambiae (s.l.) samples to 11 insecticides belonging to the four insecticide classes was assessed using the WHO insecticide susceptibility bioassays. Tested samples were identified using molecular techniques and insecticide resistance target-site mutations (kdr, ace-1 and rdl) were determined. Results A total of 3742 An.gambiae (s.l.) were exposed to insecticides (2439 from Kedougou and 1303 from Wassadou-Badi). Tests with pyrethroid insecticides and DDT showed high level of resistance in both Kedougou and Wassadou/Badi. Resistance to pirimiphos-methyl and malathion was not detected while resistance to bendoicarb and fenitrothion was confirmed in Kedougou. Of the 745 specimens of An.gambiae (s.l.) genotyped, An.gambiae (s.s.) (71.6%) was the predominant species, followed by An.arabiensis (21.7%), An.coluzzii (6.3%) and hybrids (An. gambiae (s.s.)/An.coluzzii; 0.4%). All target site mutations investigated (Vgsc-1014F, Vgsc-1014S, Ace-1 and Rdl) were found at different frequencies in the species of the Anophelesgambiae complex. Vgsc-1014F mutation was more frequent in An.gambiae (s.s.) and An.coluzzii than An.arabiensis. Vgsc-1014S was present in An.gambiae (s.l.) populations in Wassadou but not in Kedougou. Ace-1 and rdl mutations were more frequent in An.gambiae (s.s.) in comparison to An.arabiensis and An.coluzzii. Conclusions Resistance to all the four insecticide classes tested was detected in southeastern Senegal as well as all target site mutations investigated were found. Data will be used by the national Malaria Control Programme.

Incidence of insecticide resistance alleles in sexually-reproducing populations of the peach–potato aphid Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from southern France

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Guillemaud ◽  
A. Brun ◽  
N. Anthony ◽  
M.H. Sauge ◽  
R. Boll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Peach Potato Aphid

AbstractIntensive chemical treatments have led to the development of a number of insecticide resistance mechanisms in the peach–potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Some of these mechanisms are known to be associated with negative pleiotropic effects (resistance costs). Molecular and biochemical methods were used to determine the genotypes or phenotypes associated with four insecticide resistance mechanisms in single aphids from sexually-reproducing populations in southern France. The mechanisms considered were E4 and FE4 carboxylesterase overproduction, modified acetycholinesterase, and kdr and rdl resistance-associated mutations. A new method for determining individual kdr genotypes is presented. Almost all resistant individuals overproduced FE4 carboxylesterase, whereas modified acetylcholinesterase was rare. Both the kdr and rdl resistance mutations were present at high frequencies in French sexually-reproducing populations. The frequencies of insecticide resistance genes were compared before and after sexual reproduction in one peach orchard at Avignon to evaluate the potential impact of selection on the persistence of resistance alleles in the over-wintering phase. The frequencies of the kdr and rdl mutations varied significantly between autumn and spring sampling periods. The frequency of the kdr mutation increased, probably due to pyrethroid treatments at the end of the winter. Conversely, the frequency of the rdl mutation decreased significantly during winter, probably because of a fitness cost associated with this mutation.

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