Global distribution and origin of target site insecticide resistance mutations in Tetranychus urticae

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ilias ◽  
J. Vontas ◽  
A. Tsagkarakou
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Resistance Mutations

scholarly journals Comparison of the knockdown resistance locus (kdr) in Anopheles stephensi, An. arabiensis, and Culex pipiens s.l. suggests differing mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in east Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar E. Carter ◽  
Araya Gebresilassie ◽  
Shantoy Hansel ◽  
Lambodhar Damodaran ◽  
Callum Montgomery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Knockdown Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Vector Species

AbstractThe malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi, which is typically restricted to South Asia and the Middle East, was recently detected in the Horn of Africa. Controlling the spread of this vector could involve integrated vector control that considers the status of insecticide resistance of multiple vector species in the region. Previous reports indicate that the knockdown resistance mutations (kdr) in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) are absent in both pyrethroid resistant and sensitive variants of An. stephensi in east Ethiopia but similar information on other vector species in the same areas is limited. In this study, kdr and the neighboring intron was analyzed in An. stephensi, An. arabiensis, and Culex pipiens s. l. collected in east Ethiopia between 2016 and 2017. Sequence analysis revealed that all of Cx. pipiens s.l. (n = 42) and 71.6% of the An. arabiensis (n=67) carried kdr L1014F known to confer target-site pyrethroid resistance. Intronic variation was only observed in An. stephensi (segregating sites = 6, haplotypes = 3) previously shown to have no kdr mutations. In addition, no evidence of non-neutral evolutionary processes was detected at the An. stephensi kdr intron which further supports target-site mechanism not being a major resistance mechanism in this An. stephensi population. Overall, these results suggest differences in evolved mechanisms of pyrethroid/DDT resistance in populations of vector species from the same region. Variation in insecticide resistance mechanisms in East Ethiopian mosquito vectors highlight possible species or population specific biological factors and distinct environmental exposures that shape their evolution.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance status and mechanisms in Aedes aegypti populations from Senegal

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0009393
Author(s):  
Ndeye Marie Sene ◽  
Konstantinos Mavridis ◽  
El Hadji Ndiaye ◽  
Cheikh Tidiane Diagne ◽  
Alioune Gaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Resistance Mutations

Aedes aegypti is the main epidemic vector of arboviruses in Africa. In Senegal, control activities are mainly limited to mitigation of epidemics, with limited information available for Ae. aegypti populations. A better understanding of the current Ae. aegypti susceptibility status to various insecticides and relevant resistance mechanisms involved is needed for the implementation of effective vector control strategies. The present study focuses on the detection of insecticide resistance and reveals the related mechanisms in Ae. aegypti populations from Senegal. Bioassays were performed on Ae. aegypti adults from nine Senegalese localities (Matam, Louga, Barkedji, Ziguinchor, Mbour, Fatick, Dakar, Kédougou and Touba). Mosquitoes were exposed to four classes of insecticides using the standard WHO protocols. Resistance mechanisms were investigated by genotyping for pyrethroid target site resistance mutations (V1016G, V1016I, F1534C and S989P) and measuring gene expression levels of key detoxification genes (CYP6BB2, CYP9J26, CYP9J28, CYP9J32, CYP9M6, CCEae3a and GSTD4). All collected populations were resistant to DDT and carbamates except for the ones in Matam (Northern region). Resistance to permethrin was uniformly detected in mosquitoes from all areas. Except for Barkédji and Touba, all populations were characterized by a susceptibility to 0.75% Permethrin. Susceptibility to type II pyrethroids was detected only in the Southern regions (Kédougou and Ziguinchor). All mosquito populations were susceptible to 5% Malathion, but only Kédougou and Matam mosquitoes were susceptible to 0.8% Malathion. All populations were resistant to 0.05% Pirimiphos-methyl, whereas those from Louga, Mbour and Barkédji, also exhibited resistance to 1% Fenitrothion. None of the known target site pyrethroid resistance mutations was present in the mosquito samples included in the genotyping analysis (performed in > 1500 samples). In contrast, a remarkably high (20-70-fold) overexpression of major detoxification genes wasobserved, suggesting that insecticide resistance is mostly mediated through metabolic mechanisms. These data provide important evidence to support dengue vector control in Senegal.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of insecticide resistance in the lymphatic filariasis vectorCulex quinquefasciatus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Fabricio Silva Martins ◽  
Craig Stephen Wilding ◽  
Alison Taylor Isaacs ◽  
Emily Joy Rippon ◽  
Karine Megy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Site Mutation ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Metabolic Resistance ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Bendiocarb Resistance

ABSTRACTCulex quinquefasciatusplays an important role in transmission of vector-borne diseases of public health importance, including lymphatic filariasis (LF), as well as many arboviral diseases. Currently, efforts to tackleC. quinquefasciatusvectored diseases are based on either mass drug administration (MDA) for LF, or insecticide-based interventions. Widespread and intensive insecticide usage has resulted in increased resistance in mosquito vectors, includingC. quinquefasciatus. Herein, the transcriptome profile of Ugandan bendiocarb-resistantC. quinquefasciatuswas explored to identify candidate genes associated with insecticide resistance. Resistance to bendiocarb in exposed mosquitoes was marked, with 2.04% mortality following 1h exposure and 58.02% after 4h. Genotyping of the G119SAce-1target site mutation detected a highly significant association (p<0.0001; OR=25) between resistance andAce1-119S. However, synergist assays using the P450 inhibitor PBO or the esterase inhibitor TPP resulted in markedly increased mortality (to ≈80%), suggesting a role of metabolic resistance in the resistance phenotype. Using a novel, custom 60K whole-transcriptome microarray 16 genes significantly overexpressed in resistant mosquitoes were detected, with the P450Cyp6z18showing the highest differential gene expression (>8-fold increase vs unexposed controls). These results provide evidence that bendiocarb-resistance in UgandanC. quinquefasciatusis mediated by both target-site mechanisms and over-expression of detoxification enzymes.

scholarly journals Impact of a Novel W2027L Mutation and Non-Target Site Resistance on Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase-Inhibiting Herbicides in a French Lolium multiflorum Population

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1838
Author(s):  
Shiv Shankhar Kaundun ◽  
Joe Downes ◽  
Lucy Victoria Jackson ◽  
Sarah-Jane Hutchings ◽  
Eddie Mcindoe
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Target Site Resistance

Herbicides that inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) are among the few remaining options for the post-emergence control of Lolium species in small grain cereal crops. Here, we determined the mechanism of resistance to ACCase herbicides in a Lolium multiflorum population (HGR) from France. A combined biological and molecular approach detected a novel W2027L ACCase mutation that affects aryloxyphenoxypropionate (FOP) but not cyclohexanedione (DIM) or phenylpyraxoline (DEN) subclasses of ACCase herbicides. Both the wild-type tryptophan and mutant leucine 2027-ACCase alleles could be positively detected in a single DNA-based-derived polymorphic amplified cleaved sequence (dPACS) assay that contained the targeted PCR product and a cocktail of two discriminating restriction enzymes. Additionally, we identified three well-characterised I1781L, I2041T, and D2078G ACCase target site resistance mutations as well as non-target site resistance in HGR. The non-target site component endowed high levels of resistance to FOP herbicides whilst partially impacting on the efficacy of pinoxaden and cycloxydim. This study adequately assessed the contribution of the W2027L mutation and non-target site mechanism in conferring resistance to ACCase herbicides in HGR. It also highlights the versatility and robustness of the dPACS method to simultaneously identify different resistance-causing alleles at a single ACCase codon.

scholarly journals Low Levels of Pyrethroid Resistance in Hybrid Offspring of a Highly Resistant and a More Susceptible Mosquito Strain

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Pinch ◽  
Stacy D Rodriguez ◽  
Soumi Mitra ◽  
Yashoda Kandel ◽  
Emily Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Human Host ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Choice Assay ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Different Strains

Abstract The use of insecticides has been a central approach to control disease-transmitting mosquitoes for the last century. The high prevalence of pyrethroid use as public health insecticides has resulted in the evolution of pyrethroid resistance in many populations of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae), throughout its global distribution range. Insecticide resistance is often correlated with an associated fitness cost. In this project, we studied the phenotypes of hybrid mosquitoes derived from crossing a pyrethroid-resistant strain of Ae. aegypti (Puerto Rico [PR]) with a more susceptible one (Rockefeller [ROCK]). We first sequenced and compared the para gene of both original strains. We then crossed males from one strain with females of the other, creating two hybrids (Puertofeller, Rockorico). We used a Y-tube choice assay to measure the attraction of these strains towards a human host. We then compared the levels of pyrethroid resistance in the different strains. We found three known resistance mutations in the para gene sequence of the PR strain. In our attraction assays, PR females showed lower attraction to humans, than the ROCK females. Both hybrid strains showed strong attraction to a human host. In the insecticide resistance bottle assays, both hybrid strains showed marginal increases in resistance to permethrin compared to the more susceptible ROCK strain. These results suggest that hybrids of sensitive and permethrin-resistant mosquitoes have an incremental advantage compared to more susceptible mosquitoes when challenged with permethrin. This explains the rapid spread of permethrin resistance that was observed many times in the field.

Identification of a point mutation in the ace1 gene of Therioaphis trifolli maculata and detection of insecticide resistance by a diagnostic PCR–RFLP assay

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-716
Author(s):  
E. AlSuhaibani ◽  
C.C. Voudouris ◽  
R. Al-Atiyat ◽  
A. Kotzamumin ◽  
J. Vontas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Diagnostic Pcr

AbstractAphids are important agricultural pests worldwide. Their control is largely based on chemical insecticides. One species that shows important invasive abilities and host-plant-related differences is Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). T. trifolii maculata, also known as spotted alfalfa aphid (SAA), can be very injurious to alfalfa crops in certain regions, such as in Saudi Arabia for effective control it is essential to diagnose and monitor the resistance mechanisms in the SAA populations. In the present study, we analysed acetylcholinesterase (ace) target site insensitivity mechanisms. A 650 bp length DNA containing the putative acetylcholinesterase (ace1) precursor was obtained and compared with other Hemipteran species. The sequences of many individual aphids collected from alfalfa crops in Saudi Arabia were analysed for the presence of resistance mutations: no resistance mutations were found at the resistance mutation loci 302; however, the presence of a serine–phenylalanine substitution (S431F) was identified in one individual. The S431F substitution, has been shown to confer significant levels of both organophosphate and carbamate resistance in other aphid species, and is now found for the first time in T. trifolii. We subsequently developed a simple polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism assays for the S431F mutation, using a TaqI restriction site destroyed by the S431F mutation. The novel diagnostic assay may support the implementation of Insecticide Resistance Management strategies, for the control of SAA in alfalfa crops in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and other countries worldwide.

scholarly journals Evolutionary trade‐offs of insecticide resistance — The fitness costs associated with target‐site mutations in the nAChR of Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (14) ◽  
pp. 2661-2675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Homem ◽  
Bliss Buttery ◽  
Ewan Richardson ◽  
Yao Tan ◽  
Linda M. Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Trade Offs
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