The real potential of current passive satellite data to map aboveground biomass in tropical forests

ABSTRACTOne of the major uncertainties concerning the role of tropical forests in the global carbon cycle is the lack of adequate data on the carbon content of all their components. The goal of this study was to contribute to filling this data gap by estimating the quantity of carbon in the biomass, soil and necromass for 23 long-term permanent forest plots in five life zones of Venezuela to determine how C was partitioned among these components across a range of environments. Aboveground biomass C ranged from 70 to 179 Mg ha−1 and soil C from 125 to 257 Mg ha−1, and they represented the two largest C components in all plots. The C in fine litter (2.4 to 5.2 Mg ha−1), dead wood (2.4 to 21.2 Mg ha−1) and roots (23.6 to 38.0 Mg ha−1) accounted for less than 13% of the total C. The total amount of C among life zones ranged from 302 to 488 Mg ha−1, and showed no clear trend with life zone. In three of the five life zones, more C was found in the dead (soil, litter, dead wood) than in the live (biomass) components (dead to live ratios of 1.3 to 2.3); the lowland moist and moist transition to dry life zones had dead to live ratios of less than one. Results from this research suggest that for most life zones, an amount equivalent to between 20 and 58% of the aboveground biomass is located in necromass and roots. These percentages coupled with reliable estimates of aboveground biomass from forest inventories enable a more complete estimation of the C content of tropical forests to be made.

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Challenges of Introducting Serious Games and Virtual Worlds in Educational Curriculum

Cases on Digital Game-Based Learning ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2848-9.ch022 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 425-450

Author(s):

C. Ribeiro ◽

J. Pereira ◽

C. Calado ◽

C. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Learning Environment ◽

Virtual Worlds ◽

Serious Games ◽

Real Potential ◽

The Real ◽

Educational Curriculum ◽

Lessons Learnt ◽

Open Questions ◽

Learning Efficacy ◽

The Impact

Although the impact that Virtual Worlds and Serious Games can have on learning efficacy and efficiency has been recognized, there is still many open questions related to this issue. Specifically there aren’t guidelines or standards to help practitioners introduce this kind of technologies in a learning environment. In this chapter, the authors describe two experiments involving virtual worlds and serious games in a learning environment. These experiments allowed the authors to understand the real potential of this kind of technology, but also some of the difficulties one can come across. The authors hope that the experiments described in this chapter can serve as a basis for similar experiments done by other practitioners. Finally, some of the pitfalls that should be avoided are described as a set of lessons learnt at the end of the chapter.

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Effects of large aboveground biomass loss events on the deadwood and litter mass dynamics of seasonal tropical forests in Cambodia

Tropics ◽

10.3759/tropics.ms18-05 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 33-48

Author(s):

Yoshiyuki Kiyono ◽

Eriko Ito ◽

Yukako Monda ◽

Jumpei Toriyama ◽

Thy Sum

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forests ◽

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Litter Mass ◽

Biomass Loss

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Individual Plant Allometric Equations for Estimating Aboveground Biomass and Its Components for a Common Bamboo Species (Bambusa procera A. Chev. and A. Camus) in Tropical Forests

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10040316 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 316 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bao Huy ◽

Giang Thanh ◽

Krishna Poudel ◽

Hailemariam Temesgen

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forests ◽

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Nonlinear Models ◽

Generalized Least Squares ◽

Forest Degradation ◽

Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽

Simultaneous Estimation ◽

Individual Plant ◽

Bamboo Species ◽

Species Specific

Bamboo forests play an important role in achieving the objectives of the United Nations program on Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation. We developed and validated a modeling system that simultaneously estimate aboveground biomass and its components for a common bamboo species (Bambusa procera A. Chev. and A. Camus) in tropical forests. Eighty-three bamboo culms were destructively sampled from seventeen 100 m2 sample plots located in different parts of the Central Highlands in Viet Nam to obtain total plant aboveground biomass (AGB) and its components. We examined the performance of weighted nonlinear models fit by maximum likelihood and weighted nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression fit by generalized least squares for predicting bamboo biomass. The simultaneous estimation of AGB and its components produced higher reliability than the models of components and total developed separately. With a large number of bamboo species, it may not be feasible to develop species- specific biomass models, hence genus-specific allometric models may be considered.

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Effect of species grouping and site variables on aboveground biomass models for lowland tropical forests of the Indo-Malay region

Annals of Forest Science ◽

10.1007/s13595-017-0618-1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Solichin Manuri ◽

Cris Brack ◽

Teddy Rusolono ◽

Fatmi Noor’an ◽

Louis Verchot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forests ◽

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Biomass Models ◽

Species Grouping

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The Orientation Dependence of the Real Part of the Ion–Ion Potential between Two Nuclei

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732397002119 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (28) ◽

pp. 2065-2075 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Y. Ismail ◽

Kh. A. Ramadan ◽

M. M. Osman ◽

F. Salah ◽

A. Y. Ellithi

Keyword(s):

Energy Density ◽

Interaction Potential ◽

Orientation Dependence ◽

Skyrme Force ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Real Potential ◽

The Real ◽

Spherical Nuclei

The energy density formalism derived from both the conventional Skyrme force with parameter set SIII and the extended Skyrme force with parameters SKE1, SKE2, SKE3 and SKE4 has been used to study the orientation dependence of the real part of the ion–ion potential for the 238 U + 238 U system. Also, we considered the interaction potential between 238 U and three spherical nuclei. We compared our results for the real potential with the experimental results.

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