Glycyrrhizic‐Acid‐Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms

Introduction. The pandemic spread of a new coronavirus infection, COVID-19, has caused a global emergency and attracted the attention of public health professionals and the population of all countries. A significant increase in the number of new cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection demonstrates the urgency of finding drugs effective against this pathogen.The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antiviral efficacy of human recombinant alpha-2b interferon (IFN-α2b) against SARS-CoV-2 virus.Material and methods. The experiments had been carried out on Vero Cl008, the continuous line of African green monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus) kidney cells. The effectiveness of the drugs was assessed by the suppression of viral reproduction in vitro. The biological activity was determined using titration of a virus-containing suspension in a Vero Cl008 cell culture by the formation of negative colonies.Results. The antiviral efficacy of the IFN-α2b-based medications, which have a high safety profile and proven efficacy in the prevention and treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), has been studied against the new pandemic SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro experiments in Vero C1008 cell culture. IFN-α2b effectively inhibits the reproduction of the virus when applied both 24 hrs before and 2 hrs after infection. In the IFN-α2b concentration range 102–106 IU/ml a complete suppression of the reproduction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus had been demonstrated.Discussion. IFN-α2b demonstrated in vitro high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. In addition, the substance has a high chemotherapeutic index (>1000).Conclusion. Medications for intranasal use based on IFN-α2b have high antiviral activity and are promising drugs for in vivo study in terms of prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

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Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizic acid

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences ◽

10.1007/bf01952290 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 304-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

R. Pompei ◽

A. Pani ◽

O. Flore ◽

M. A. Marcialis ◽

B. Loddo

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Glycyrrhizic Acid

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Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Activity of New 1,2,4-Triazol-2-yl- and 1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl-2-pyridinone Derivatives

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2008-9-1010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (9-10) ◽

pp. 667-674 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Farag A. El-Essawy ◽

Wael A. El-Sayed ◽

Sherif A. El-Kafrawy ◽

Asmaa S. Morshedy ◽

Adel-H. Abdel-Rahman

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Alkylating Agents ◽

Acid Hydrazide ◽

Virus Activity ◽

B Virus ◽

Thiadiazole Derivative ◽

High Antiviral Activity

A number of 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 3 - 9, and 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, 13 - 15, were synthesized starting form the acid hydrazide 1. The 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative 12 was prepared from the substituted phenylthiosemicarbazide derivative 11 by treatment with sulfuric acid. The aryl hydrazone derivatives 10a - c were synthesized by reaction of the hydrazide 1 with the corresponding ketones. The thioalkyl derivatives 16a - e were prepared by akylation of the thiol derivatives 3 and 13 with different alkylating agents. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for their anti-HBV activity and some of these compounds showed high antiviral activity

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A Critical Subset Model Provides a Conceptual Basis for the High Antiviral Activity of Major HIV Drugs

Science Translational Medicine ◽

10.1126/scitranslmed.3002304 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (91) ◽

pp. 91ra63-91ra63 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

L. Shen ◽

S. A. Rabi ◽

A. R. Sedaghat ◽

L. Shan ◽

J. Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Conceptual Basis ◽

Hiv Drugs ◽

High Antiviral Activity

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Glycyrrhizic Acid Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Blocking Spike Protein-Mediated Cell Attachment

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26206090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (20) ◽

pp. 6090

Author(s):

Jingjing Li ◽

Dongge Xu ◽

Lingling Wang ◽

Mengyu Zhang ◽

Guohai Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽

Cell Attachment ◽

Protein S ◽

Host Cells ◽

S Protein ◽

Wide Range ◽

Interaction Interface ◽

Binding Pockets ◽

Antiviral Activities

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), also known as glycyrrhizin, is a triterpene glycoside isolated from plants of Glycyrrhiza species (licorice). GA possesses a wide range of pharmacological and antiviral activities against enveloped viruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus. Since the S protein (S) mediates SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cell attachment and cell entry, we assayed the GA effect on SARS-CoV-2 infection using an S protein-pseudotyped lentivirus (Lenti-S). GA treatment dose-dependently blocked Lenti-S infection. We showed that incubation of Lenti-S virus, but not the host cells with GA prior to the infection, reduced Lenti-S infection, indicating that GA targeted the virus for infection. Surface plasmon resonance measurement showed that GA interacted with a recombinant S protein and blocked S protein binding to host cells. Autodocking analysis revealed that the S protein has several GA-binding pockets including one at the interaction interface to the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and another at the inner side of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) which might impact the close-to-open conformation change of the S protein required for ACE2 interaction. In addition to identifying GA antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, the study linked GA antiviral activity to its effect on virus cell binding.

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