The Effect of Focus on Form and Focus on Forms Instruction on the Acquisition of Productive Knowledge of L2 Vocabulary by Young Beginning-Level Learners

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Shintani
Keyword(s):  
Focus On Form ◽  
L2 Vocabulary ◽  
Focus On Forms

Grammatical Competence within L2 Communication: Language Production, Monitor Hypothesis, and Focus on Forms Instruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh. Rofid Fikroni
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Focus On Form ◽  
Grammatical Competence ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
Focus On Forms ◽  
Learning Language

Bearing in mind that the learners’ speaking skill had become the main goal in learning language, grammatical competence is believed to have a big role within foreign language learners’ language production, especially in spoken form. Moreover, the learners’ grammatical competence is also closely related to the Monitor Hypothesis proposed by Krashen (1982) in which it says that the acquired system will function as monitor or editor to the language production. The students’ monitor performance will vary based on how they make use of their acquired system. They may use it optimally (monitor optimal user), overly (monitor over-user), or they may not use it at all (monitor under-user). Therefore, learners’ grammatical competence has its own role, which is very crucial, within learners’ language production, which is not only to produce the language, but also to monitor the language production itself. Because of this reason, focus on form instruction will give a great impact for students’ grammatical competence within their communicative competence. This paper aims to present ideas about the how crucial the role grammatical competence within learners’ L2 communication.

THE RETRIEVABILITY OF L2 ENGLISH MULTIWORD ITEMS IN A CONTEXT OF STRONGLY FORM-FOCUSED EXPOSURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Seth Lindstromberg ◽  
June Eyckmans
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Semantic Variable ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Production Research ◽  
L2 Vocabulary ◽  
Focus On Forms ◽  
Positive Effect

Although retrieval of lexical forms is a prerequisite for language production, research of L2 vocabulary learning has focused much more on meanings and form-meaning mappings than on development of detailed, accessible mental representations of forms. This is particularly true with respect to multi-word items (MWIs). We report an experimental study involving a variety of intra-lexical, usage-based, and interlingual co-determinants of L2 vocabulary learnability pertaining to MWIs. Each learner (N = 60) encountered a randomly allocated set of 26 two-word MWIs (Nsets = 4) semi-randomly drawn from a larger pool of MWIs. Learners were asked to remember either the 13 MWIs showing the form variable assonance (e.g., change shape) or the 13 nonassonant control MWIs (e.g., sound good). Posttests of form recall revealed a large, durable effect of the focusing task in combination with forewarning of testing. Except when MWI concreteness (a semantic variable) was high, assonance had a positive effect on retrievability in recall tests given after delays of 15 minutes and one week. There was a consistent effect of the semi-semantic variable Mutual Information. Even in the context of a strong focus on forms, form variables are not the only variables that matter.

scholarly journals EFL Students’ Beliefs about How They Learn Grammar Best

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Aysegul Daloglu
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Grammar Instruction ◽  
Focus On Form ◽  
Implicit Instruction ◽  
Instructional Process ◽  
Learner Beliefs ◽  
Method Of Instruction ◽  
Preparatory Year ◽  
Focus On Forms

Learner beliefs about how they learn a language best play a vital role in the instructional process and the role of grammar instruction has been a much-debated topic in the research and practice of EFL instruction. This study explores learner beliefs about how they best learn grammar focusing on four construct pairs: meaning-focused versus form-focused instruction, focus on form versus focus on forms, explicit versus implicit instruction, and inductive versus deductive grammar instruction. Data were collected through a survey from 927 preparatory year and undergraduate students at an English-medium university in an English as a foreign language (EFL) setting. Results showed that regardless of year of study, students showed a preference for having grammar included as part of their lessons and course books, and although focus on form was reported to be the least preferred method of instruction, when given a choice between implicit versus explicit grammar instruction, all groups preferred explicit instruction.

scholarly journals Teaching English Grammar in an Indonesian Junior High School

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056
Author(s):  
Agis Andriani ◽  
Vani Dwi Yuniar ◽  
Fuad Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
English Language ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Focus On Form ◽  
Teaching Techniques ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Focus On Forms

English grammar has a pivotal position in language learning. It is also considered the basis of a series of language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing). However, although previous studies focused on teaching English grammar either from a traditional or functional view, where English as L1 and L2 across various educational levels, scarce studies have emphasized teaching English Grammar in the Indonesian EFL context, particularly in Junior High School. Hence, this study aimed at filling such a void, namely teaching English grammar in an Indonesian junior high school. In an attempt for collecting the data, this study interviewed a participant in one of the junior high schools in Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis (Braun Clarke, 2006). The findings of this study revealed that the teacher use focus on forms and focus on form in teaching English grammar. Those focus on forms involve (1) Deductive English Teaching Grammar, (2) Score-Oriented English Language Learning Activities, and (3) Accuracy-Oriented English Language Learning Activities. Another approach is focus on form include (1) Task-Based Sentence Making and (2) Contextual Teaching of English Grammar. By knowing these teaching techniques, the teachers are expected to be able to implement those teaching techniques of teaching English grammar to junior high school students more effectively.

Focus on form and vocabulary acquisition in the Spanish L2 classroom

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Plonsky ◽  
Shawn Loewen
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Vocabulary Acquisition ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Focus On Form ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Word Use ◽  
Interactionist Perspective ◽  
Second Year ◽  
L2 Vocabulary ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

This study examined lexical development from an interactionist perspective. More specifically, we investigated student gains in seven specific vocabulary words as a function of their frequency of occurrence and the type and amount of focus on form episodes related to them. Pretests and posttests were given to an intact class of second-year Spanish students to assess their gains for the seven words. Each day of class was recorded and transcribed to enable corpus- and interaction-based analyses of target word use whether in isolation or within focus on form episodes. We present the results of overall (quantitative) and more finely-grained, word-by-word (qualitative) analyses, both of which indicate the insufficiency of any single variable to predict lexical development, thus providing support for multifaceted and mixed-method approaches to the understanding and research of vocabulary acquisition. Finally, the results are discussed in relation to models of L2 vocabulary learning, within the interactionist framework in particular.

scholarly journals ‘Focus on form’ and ‘focus on forms’

ELT Journal ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Sheen
Keyword(s):  
Focus On Form ◽  
Focus On Forms
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