scholarly journals The Influence of Predator–Prey Population Dynamics on the Long-term Evolution of Food Web Structure

2001 ◽  
Vol 208 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA DROSSEL ◽  
PAUL G. HIGGS ◽  
ALAN J. MCKANE
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Prey Population ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Term Evolution

Food Web Structure in the Recently Flooded Sep Reservoir as Inferred From Phytoplankton Population Dynamics and Living Microbial Biomass

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Tadonléké ◽  
L.B. Jugnia ◽  
T. Sime-Ngando ◽  
J. Devaux ◽  
J.C. Romagoux
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Phytoplankton Population ◽  
Web Structure

Spatio-temporal reproducibility of the microbial food web structure associated with the change in temperature: Long-term observations in the Adriatic Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 87-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Šolić ◽  
Branka Grbec ◽  
Frano Matić ◽  
Danijela Šantić ◽  
Stefanija Šestanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Light-driven synchrony ofProchlorococcusgrowth and mortality in the subtropical Pacific gyre

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (26) ◽  
pp. 8008-8012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Ribalet ◽  
Jarred Swalwell ◽  
Sophie Clayton ◽  
Valeria Jiménez ◽  
Sebastian Sudek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Cell Production ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Cell Mortality ◽  
Coexisting Species ◽  
Winter Time

Theoretical studies predict that competition for limited resources reduces biodiversity to the point of ecological instability, whereas strong predator/prey interactions enhance the number of coexisting species and limit fluctuations in abundances. In open ocean ecosystems, competition for low availability of essential nutrients results in relatively few abundant microbial species. The remarkable stability in overall cell abundance of the dominant photosynthetic cyanobacteriumProchlorococcusis assumed to reflect a simple food web structure strongly controlled by grazers and/or viruses. This hypothesized link between stability and ecological interactions, however, has been difficult to test with open ocean microbes because sampling methods commonly have poor temporal and spatial resolution. Here we use continuous techniques on two different winter-time cruises to show thatProchlorococcuscell production and mortality rates are tightly synchronized to the day/night cycle across the subtropical Pacific Ocean. In warmer waters, we observed harmonic oscillations in cell production and mortality rates, with a peak in mortality rate consistently occurring ∼6 h after the peak in cell production. Essentially no cell mortality was observed during daylight. Our results are best explained as a synchronized two-component trophic interaction with the per-capita rates ofProchlorococcusconsumption driven either directly by the day/night cycle or indirectly byProchlorococcuscell production. Light-driven synchrony of food web dynamics in which most of the newly producedProchlorococcuscells are consumed each night likely enforces ecosystem stability across vast expanses of the open ocean.

scholarly journals Estimation of predator-prey mass ratios using stable isotopes: sources of errors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Hertz ◽  
James Robinson ◽  
Marc Trudel ◽  
Asit Mazumder ◽  
Julia K Baum
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Food Web ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Prey Mass

In aquatic systems, the ratio of predator mass to prey mass (PPMR) is an important constraint on food web structure, and has been correlated with environmental stability. One common approach of estimating PPMR uses nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) as an indicator of trophic position, under the assumption that the discrimination between diet and tissue is constant with increasing diet δ15N (an additive approach). However, recent studies have shown that this assumption may not be valid, and that there is a negative trend between the δ15N of the diet and the discrimination value (a scaled approach). We estimated PPMR for a simulated food web using the traditional additive approach and improved scaled approach, before testing our predictions with isotope samples from a North Sea food web. Our simulations show that the additive approach gives incorrect estimates of PPMR, and these biases are reflected in North Sea PPMR estimates. The extent of the bias is dependent on the baseline δ15N and trophic level sampled, with the greatest differences for samples with low baseline δ15N sampled at lower trophic levels. The scaled approach allows for the comparison of PPMR across varying δ15N baselines and trophic levels, and will refine estimates of PPMR.

scholarly journals Mouth gape determines the response of marine top predators to long-term fishery-induced changes in food web structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Drago ◽  
Valentina Franco-Trecu ◽  
Angel M. Segura ◽  
Meica Valdivia ◽  
Enrique M. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Top Predators ◽  
Induced Changes
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