Changes in the Thermal Climate in Northwestern Europe during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 3, Estimated from Fossil Insect assemblages

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Russell Coope
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Fossil Insect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
The Times

AbstractMore than 30 fossil coleopteran (beetle) assemblages have been recorded from oxygen isotope stage 3 in northern Europe, comprising several hundred identified species. Using the mutual climatic range method for quantifying palaeotemperatures, these assemblages show that the climates of the times can be divided into two distinct interstadial types. One, a short phase of temperate/oceanic climate occurred between 43,000 and 42,000 14C yr B.P. when conditions were not much different from those of the present day. In spite of the temperate climate, trees did not colonize northwestern Europe at this time. Two, both before and after this temperate interlude there were phases of cold/continental climate during which summers were too cold for trees to grow and winters were of Siberian intensity. It is possible that periods of even colder conditions intervened from time to time between the interstadial but, because of the intensity of the cold, biological systems were so inhibited that no fossil evidence for them can be found in northern Europe. Evidence for them must be sought in the fossil records from the warmer parts of southern Europe or in the physical evidence in the Greenland ice cores.

scholarly journals A Levallois Knapping Site at West Thurrock, Lower Thames, UK: its Quaternary Context, Environment and Age

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 21-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Schreve ◽  
P. Harding ◽  
M.J. White ◽  
D.R. Bridgland ◽  
P. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The South ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Clayey Silt ◽  
Before And After

Levallois knapping debris is present beneath the sides of a disused tramway cutting connected to Lion Pit, West Thurrock, Essex. This occurrence, first recorded during the early 20th century, is in the basal gravel of the Taplow/Mucking Formation, which dates from the end of Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 8. The relatively undisturbed nature of this knapping debris is confirmed by the incidence of refitting material, although finer debitage is absent, presumably winnowed out. The Levallois character of the assemblage is demonstrated by the occurrence of characteristic ‘tortoise’ cores and flakes with faceted striking platforms. The artefact-bearing gravel is overlain by >10 m of predominantly fine-grained sediments, including fossiliferous sands and massive clayey silt, as well as laminated silts, clays, and sands of possible estuarine origin. These are attributed to deposition under temperate conditions during MIS 7. To the south, a younger fluvial gravel, attributed to MIS 6, has been incised into the interglacial sequence. The top of the estuarine sequence has been affected by pedogenesis, both before and after its burial by an unbedded solifluction gravel.

Speleothem evidence of warm episodes in northeast France during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 and implications for permafrost distribution in northern Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwige Pons-Branchu ◽  
Bruno Hamelin ◽  
Benoit Losson ◽  
Stephane Jaillet ◽  
Jacques Brulhet
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Strong Indication ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Northeastern France ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage 3 ◽  
Weichselian Glaciation

AbstractU–Th ages have been obtained by TIMS on the growth periods of a stalagmite from the “Grotte des Puits de Pierre-la-Treiche” (northeastern France), during the middle part of the “Weichselian glaciation” (Marine Isotope Stage 3), between 55.36 ± 0.95 and 53.34 ± 0.49 ka and around 45.85 ± 0.49 ka. These episodes are contemporaneous with abrupt climatic variations recorded in Greenland ice cores (Greenland interstadials 12, 14 and 15) that have been previously recognized in European speleothems. They also coincide with two interstadials, known as “Goulotte” and “Pile” in the Grande Pile pollen sequence (eastern France), which have been correlated with the Moershoofd complex in the Netherlands. Such evidence of speleothem deposition related to temperate episodes gives a strong indication of the absence of continuous shallow permafrost during the middle part of MIS 3 in northeastern France.

Comparison of climate model results with European vegetation and permafrost during oxygen isotope stage three

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jo Alfano ◽  
Eric J. Barron ◽  
David Pollard ◽  
Brian Huntley ◽  
Judy R. M. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Vegetation Model ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Geologic Record

AbstractOxygen isotope stage 3 (OIS3), an interstade between approximately 60,000 and 25,000 yr B.P., presents an ideal opportunity to compare high-resolution climate simulations with the geologic record. To facilitate this comparison, the results of a mesoscale climate model (RegCM2) embedded in the GENESIS GCM are utilized to drive a vegetation model (BIOME 3.5). The BIOME output is then compared with OIS3 compilations derived from pollen. The simulated biomes agree well with the pollen-based biomes in southern Europe; however, disagreements occur in the northern part of the domain. The most striking mismatch involves the distribution of tundra. The models fail to have tundra extend to its observed position as far south as 50°N in central Europe during OIS3. The model also fails to have permafrost extend southward to its observed position between 50°N and 55°N in western Europe during OIS3. A variety of sensitivity experiments are performed to investigate these mismatches. These experiments demonstrate the importance of annual and summer temperatures and the length of the winter season in creating improved matches between the model results and the inferred distributions of vegetation and permafrost in northern Europe.

A Detailed 31,000-Year Record of Climate and Vegetation Change, from the Isotope Geochemistry of Two New Zealand Speleothems

1998 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hellstrom ◽  
Malcolm McCulloch ◽  
John Stone
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Subtropical Front ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Record ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Glacier Advance

Uranium-series dating and stable isotope analyses of two speleothems from northwest Nelson, New Zealand, record changes in regional climate and local forest extent over the past 31,000 years. Oxygen isotope variation in these speleothems primarily represents changes in the meteoric waters falling above the caves, possibly responding to latitudinal changes in the position of the Subtropical Front in the Tasman Sea. Seven positive excursions can be identified in the oxygen isotope record, which coincide with periods of glacier advance, known to be sensitive to northward movement of the Subtropical Front. Four glacier advances occurred during oxygen isotope stage 2, with the most extreme glacial conditions centered on 19,000 cal yr B.P. An excursion in the oxygen isotope record from 13,800 to 11,700 cal yr B.P. provides support for a previously identified New Zealand glacier advance at the time of the Younger Dryas Stade, but suggests it began slightly before the Younger Dryas as recorded in Greenland ice cores. Carbon isotope variations in the speleothems record changes in forest productivity, closely matching existing paleovegetation records. On the basis of vegetation changes, stage 2 glacial climate conditions terminated abruptly in central New Zealand, from 15,700 to 14,200 cal yr B.P. Evidence of continuous speleothem growth at one site suggests that depression of the local treeline was limited to 600–700 m below its present altitude, throughout the last 31,000 years.

Landscape development in response to climatic change during Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 in the southern Siberian loess region

Boreas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Chlachula ◽  
Rob Kemp ◽  
Catherine Jessen ◽  
Adrian Palmer ◽  
Phillip Toms
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Landscape Development ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Loess Region

Making Americans Feel Great Again? Personal Significance Predicts Political Intentions of Losers and Winners of the 2016 US Election

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jasko ◽  
Joanna Grzymala-Moszczynska ◽  
Marta Maj ◽  
Marta Szastok ◽  
Arie W. Kruglanski
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
The Political ◽  
Power Transition ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Personal Significance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Times

Reactions of losers and winners of political elections have important consequences for the political system during the times of power transition. In four studies conducted immediately before and after the 2016 US presidential elections we investigated how personal significance induced by success or failure of one’s candidate is related to hostile vs. benevolent intentions toward political adversaries. We found that the less significant supporters of Hillary Clinton and supporters of Donald Trump felt after an imagined (Study 1A) or actual (Study 2) electoral failure the more they were willing to engage in peaceful actions against the elected president and the less they were willing to accept the results of the elections. However, while significance gain due to an imagined or actual electoral success was related to more benevolent intentions among Clinton supporters (Study 1B), it was related to more hostile intentions among Trump supporters (Studies 1B, 2, and 3).

Inter-profile correlation of the Chinese loess/paleosol sequences during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 5 and indications of pedogenesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingsong Liu ◽  
Subir K. Banerjee ◽  
Michael J. Jackson ◽  
Chenglong Deng ◽  
Yongxin Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Chinese Loess ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage

A paleoclimatic evaluation of marine oxygen isotope stage 11 in the high-northern Atlantic (Nordic seas)

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning A Bauch ◽  
Helmut Erlenkeuser ◽  
Jan P Helmke ◽  
Ulrich Struck
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Nordic Seas ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Northern Atlantic

Comparison of 105 Years of Oxygen Isotope and Insoluble Impurity Profiles from the Devon Island and Camp Century Ice Cores

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Flow Line ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Devon Island ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Particulate Concentration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Impurity Profiles ◽  
Level Lowering ◽  
Present Site

Oxygen-isotope profiles for the Devon Island ice cap and Camp Century Greenland are affected by a number of variables, some of which must have been the same for both sites. The two δ(18O) records spanning about 120,000 years are brought into relative alignment by comparison of major δ features, and subsequent verification that the insoluble particulate concentration records were also in phase for this alignment. The difference between the δ profiles is shown to be mainly a function of the altitude of the accumulation area for Camp Century. This altitude seems to have been higher than present for the last 100,000 years, suggesting the present flow line through the site has never been shorter. The maximum altitude for the Camp Century accumulation area is 1500 m above the present site and is almost synchronous with the maximum in particulate concentration that occurs at 16,000 yr B.P. The synchronism is likely due to the maximum sea-level lowering that exposed vast areas of continental shelf to wind erosion.

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