Management for Sustainability and Restoration of Degraded Pastures in the Neotropics

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to apply the Simple Algorithm For Evapotranspiration Retrieving (SAFER) with MODIS images together with meteorological data to analyze evapotranspiration (ET) and biomass production (BIO) according to indicative classes of pasture degradation in Upper Tocantins River Basin. Indicative classes of degraded pastures were obtained from the NDVI time-series (2002-2012). To estimate ET and BIO in each class, MODIS images and data from meteorological stations of the year 2012 were used. The results show that compared to not-degraded pastures, ET and BIO were different in pastures with moderate to strong degradation, mainly during water stress period. Therefore, changes in energy balance partition may occur according to the degradation levels, considering that those indicatives of degradation processes were identified in 24% of the planted pasture areas. In this context, ET and BIO estimates using remote sensing techniques can be a reliable indicator of forage availability, and large-scale aspects related to the degradation of pastures. It is expected that this knowledge may contribute to initiatives of public policies aimed at controlling the loss of production potential of pasture areas in the Upper Tocantins River Basin in the state of Goiás, Brazil.

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Least limiting water range of Udox soil under degraded pastures on different sun-exposed faces

International Agrophysics ◽

10.1515/intag-2016-0066 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 393-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Renato Ribeiro Passos ◽

Liovando Marciano da Costa ◽

Igor Rodrigues de Assis ◽

Danilo Andrade Santos ◽

Hugo Alberto Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Management ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Soil Samples ◽

The South ◽

Undisturbed Soil ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Pasture Degradation ◽

Least Limiting Water Range ◽

Degraded Pastures

AbstractThe efficient use of water is increasingly important and proper soil management, within the specificities of each region of the country, allows achieving greater efficiency. The South and Caparaó regions of Espírito Santo, Brazil are characterized by relief of ‘hill seas’ with differences in the degree of pasture degradation due to sun exposure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the least limiting water range in Udox soil under degraded pastures with two faces of exposure to the sun and three pedoenvironments. In each pedoenvironment, namely Alegre, Celina, and Café, two areas were selected, one with exposure on the North/West face and the other on the South/East face. In each of these areas, undisturbed soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth to determine the least limiting water range. The exposed face of the pasture that received the highest solar incidence (North/West) presented the lowest values in least limiting water range. The least limiting water range proved to be a physical quality indicator for Udox soil under degraded pastures.

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Cowpea yield on soils with residues of NPK and natural phosphate fertilizers in succession the area of degraded pasture

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x201663040017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 553-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Emerson Gazel Teixeira ◽

Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes ◽

Jessivaldo Rodrigues Galvão ◽

Wendel Valter da Silveira Pereira ◽

Sandro Rogério Almeida Casanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Phosphate Fertilizers ◽

Natural Phosphate ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Degraded Pasture ◽

And Control ◽

Degraded Pastures

ABSTRACT The cultivation of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] can be an important alternative in succession to maize in areas of degraded pastures due to the use of residue from fertilizers . With this, we aimed to evaluate the productivity of cowpea as a successor culture to undergo corn doses of reactive natural phosphate Arad and combinations with NPK. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split plot with four replications. The fertilizer was applied in previous cultivation (crop) using four phosphate doses in the form of Arad natural phosphate: 50, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and the sub-plots in combination with NPK, NK, NK + liming, and control (no liming and fertilizer). The cowpea yield components were evaluated in this work. The residues of P2O5 from the natural phosphate increased the phosphorus content in the plant and influenced the number of grains per pod. The residual effect of NK+ liming and only NK showed better results for the variables grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and dry mass of aerial part. The residual effect of NPK showed better results for the mass of 100 grains.

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Effectiveness of some methods for restoration of degraded pastures in the desert–steppe zone of Mongolia

Arid Ecosystems ◽

10.1134/s2079096116030094 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 189-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Tsognamsrai ◽

Ch. Dugarjav

Keyword(s):

Steppe Zone ◽

Desert Steppe ◽

Degraded Pastures

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APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO LINEAR DE MISTURA ESPECTRAL PARA MAPEAMENTO DE PASTAGENS DEGRADADAS E SOLO EXPOSTO NA AMAZÔNIA

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v8i4.9495 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 352-360

Author(s):

Fabrício Assis Leal ◽

Maila Pereira de Almeida ◽

Glória Da Silva Almeida Leal

Keyword(s):

Hot Spot ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Spectral Unmixing ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Soil Fraction ◽

Degradation Rates ◽

Degraded Pasture ◽

Pasture Area ◽

Spectral Mixture ◽

Degraded Pastures

Este trabalho se ocupou no mapeamento e quantificação de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto em propriedades rurais de São Félix do Xingu/PA, em descobrir agrupamentos espaciais para taxas de pastagens degradadas, além de descrever o perfil das propriedades que estavam inseridas nestes agrupamentos. Foram utilizadas cenas do satélite Landsat 8 em 2017, classificadas para obtenção de áreas de pastagens. Depois foi utilizada análise de mistura espectral para obtenção da fração solo. Essa fração solo foi classificada e a primeira classe representou as áreas de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto. Essas áreas foram intersectadas com as propriedades rurais e depois classificadas em relação as taxas de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto. Sequencialmente as propriedades foram agrupadas espacialmente por meio de análise hot spot. A área total de pastagens em 2017 representou 49,8%, já as áreas de pastagens degradadas/solo exposto somaram 21.621 hectares (2,7%) e tiveram presentes em 3.643 (64%) das propriedades rurais (5.691), sendo que 3.004 delas possuíam tamanho de até 500 ha, sendo caracterizadas como pequenas propriedades. Foram três os agrupamentos hot spot encontrados que concentraram 982 propriedades rurais. Dessas 982 propriedades, 878 delas (89,4%) também estavam no grupo de até 500 ha. As pastagens degradadas e solo exposto estavam predominantemente concentradas nas pequenas propriedades rurais.Palavras-chave: análise espacial; imagem fração-solo; pecuária. LINEAR SPECTRAL UNMIXING FOR MAPPING DEGRADED PASTURES AND BARE SOIL IN THE AMAZON ABSTRACT:This work focused on the mapping and quantification of degraded pastures / bare soil in rural properties of São Félix do Xingu/PA, and in discovering spatial clusters for degradation rates, and describing the profile of the properties that were inserted in these clusters. We used scenes from the Landsat 8 satellite in 2017, classified to obtain pasture areas. Then spectral mixture analysis was used in the images to obtain the soil fraction. This fraction was classified and the first class represented the degraded pasture/exposed soil areas. These areas were intersected with the farms and then classified for degraded pasture/exposed soil rates. Sequentially the properties were spatially grouped by hot spot analysis. The total pasture area in 2017 represented 49.8%, while degraded pasture / exposed soil areas totaled 21,621 hectares (2.7%) and were present in 3,643 (64%) of rural properties (5,691), and 3,004 of them had a size of up to 500 ha, being characterized as small properties. There were three hot spot clusters found that concentrated 982 rural properties. Of these properties, 878 of them (89.4%) were also in the group of up to 500 ha. Degraded pastures/exposed soil were predominantly concentrated on small farms.Keywords: Spatial analysis, soil-fraction image, livestock.

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Improvement of Degraded Pastures of Northwestern Caspian Areas

Proceedings of the IV International Scientific and Practical Conference 'Anthropogenic Transformation of Geospace: Nature, Economy, Society' (ATG 2019) ◽

10.2991/aer.k.200202.018 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elena Ivantsova ◽

Raim Fayziev ◽

Oleg Dordzhiev

Keyword(s):

Degraded Pastures

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USE OF LEGUMES FOR ECOLOGICAL RECLAMATION OF STEPPE DEGRADED PASTURES OF KULUNDA

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy ◽

10.18286/1816-4501-2020-4-33-40 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 33-40

Author(s):

Е. V. Mikhalev ◽

◽

М. М. Silantyeva ◽

Keyword(s):

Growth Dynamics ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Pasture Digression ◽

Resistant Species ◽

Steppe Communities ◽

Kulunda Steppe ◽

Grass Stand ◽

Astragalus Cicer ◽

Degraded Pastures

Intensive development of the steppe communities of Kulunda, located in the southern part of the West Siberian lowland in the XX century led to a significant anthropogenic transformation of all steppe ecosystems. Representatives of the legume family, which is the most important component of steppe grasses, have almost disappeared from the grasslands. The research was conducted on the territory of the Mikhailovsky district of the Altai territory, on the lands of LLC KKH «Partner» in the environs of Poluyamki village scince 2013-till present days climatic conditions of dry steppe zone of Western Kulunda. The aim of the work was to evaluate representatives of the legume family for ecological reclamation of Kulunda steppe pastures. The experiment was performed on 2 degraded fenced steppe areas (10 x 10 m) corresponding to the third stage of pasture digression. Winter sowing of legumes was carried out: cicer milk vetch (Astragalus cicer L.), sainfoin milk vetch (A. onobrychis L.), furrowed milk vetch (A. sulcatus L.), bird’s foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), sickle alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.), hop alfalfa (M. lupulina L.) and late spring sowing: cicer milk vetch and sainfoin, bird’s foot trefoil by tapping into the sod. Monthly growth dynamics of sown plants (number of shoots per m2, height, phenology) was recorded, and the feed value of aboveground biomass was established. It was found that the drought-resistant species of alfalfa sickle has a significant biomass, is short-lived in the grass stand and requires re-sowing every 4 years. Hop alfalfa is recommended for improving degraded pastures, but due to its short ontogeny, it needs to be re-sown every three years. Among milk vetches, sainfoil milk vetch is the most promising – a long-rooted, rod-rooted polycarpic that increases its area due to numerous underground rhizomes. The greatest nutritional and energy value was possessed by the phytomass of bird’s foot trefoil and sickle alfalfa.

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Assessing Pasture Degradation in the Brazilian Cerrado Based on the Analysis of MODIS NDVI Time-Series

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs10111761 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1761 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Osvaldo Pereira ◽

Laerte Ferreira ◽

Flávia Pinto ◽

Leandro Baumgarten

Keyword(s):

Soil Conservation ◽

Conservation Practices ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Cattle Production ◽

Modis Ndvi ◽

Pasture Degradation ◽

Ndvi Time Series ◽

Pasture Area ◽

Degree Of Degradation ◽

Degraded Pastures

Around 55% of all Brazilian cattle production is located in the Cerrado biome, which also contains the largest pasture area in Brazil. Previous studies indicated that about 60% of these pastures were degraded by 2010. However, up-to-date and more precise estimates are necessary to access the extent and degree of degradation of the Cerrado pastures, since these areas constitute strategic land reserves for both livestock intensification and soybean expansion. Therefore, in this study, we estimated the area of degraded pastures in the Cerrado by analyzing the trends of cumulative NDVI anomalies over time used as a proxy for pasture degradation. The generated slope surface was segmented into two classes, comprising non-degraded and degraded pastures, which were correlated with socio-economic and biophysical variables. According to our study, around 39% of the Cerrado pastures are currently degraded, encompassing 18.2 million hectares, mostly in areas with a cattle carrying capacity below 1.0 AU ha−1. These areas, distributed in the northwest Cerrado, mostly within the Brazilian states of Maranhão, Piauí, and Bahia (i.e., Matopiba region), tend to be associated with decreasing rainfall patterns and low investments in soil conservation practices. The degraded areas also tend to be concentrated in municipalities with low human development indices (HDI).

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