Changes in Labour Demand during the Recession

1990 ◽  
pp. 102-137
Author(s):  
David Ashton ◽  
Malcolm Maguire ◽  
Mark Spilsbury
Keyword(s):  
Labour Demand

An Overview of Rural to Urban Migration in China and Social Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Ziwei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration ◽  
Employment Sectors

The rural to urban migration in China represents one of the greatest internal migrations of people in history as rural populations have moved to cities in response to growing labour demand. One major cause of the increased labour demand was the “Reform and Open Market Policy” initiated at the end of the 1970s. The policy amplified the rural to urban divide by promoting a more thoroughly market-based economy with a corresponding reduction in the importance of agricultural production and a greater emphasis on non-agricultural market sectors. As a result, a series of economic reforms have drastically changed the cultural and social aspects of the rural area over the past three decades. Many social problems have been created due to rural to urban migration. These problems include institutional discrimination because of the restrictive household registration policies; social stigmatisation and discrimination in state-owned employment sectors and among urban residents; psychological distress and feelings of alienation.

A model of labour demand with linear adjustment costs

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bentolila ◽  
G. Saint-Paul
Keyword(s):  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Labour Demand

A Regional Analysis of the Dependency between Registered Unemployment and the Stocks and Flows of Notified Vacancies

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 853-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Hyman ◽  
D J Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Leading Indicators ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Duration Of Unemployment ◽  
Stocks And Flows ◽  
Regional Labour Markets

This paper presents the results of a time-series analysis of short-term changes in the conditions prevailing in regional labour markets. A set of alternative indicators of changes in these conditions are evaluated for each of the standard regions by use of quarterly data for a period that includes the rapid changes in the economy associated with the ‘Barber Boom’. Leading indicators of changes in labour demand are contrasted with lagging indicators and the findings for different regions compared. The results of the analysis show that in general the numbers of vacant jobs and the rates at which the jobs are being filled provide leading indicators of changes in the region's level of unemployment and of changes in the duration of unemployment in the region, and that there is no feedback from unemployment to change the demand for labour in the region. In consequence it would be justified to claim that changes in regional unemployment and its duration are caused by changes in the demand for labour in the region.

Dynamic labour demand using error correction model

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Nakanishi
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Error Correction Model ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Correction Model

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effect of Technological Innovations on Unemployment in the European Union Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Zigmas Lydeka ◽  
Akvile Karaliute
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
The Impact

Innovation and unemployment are two economic elements related to each other that have been constantly analyzed in the economic debates from the beginning of the 21st century. A classical question is whether innovation creates or destroys jobs. The conventional approach contemplates innovation as a transformation instrument of an economy, resulting in economic growth and jobs creation. Another approach points out to various mechanisms which can compensate the primary effect of innovations and cause an ultimate effect of innovations on labour demand to be unclear. In view of the fact that there are many different explanations about the impact of innovations on labour demand, this paper, after the analysis of theoretical and empirical scientific literature in this field, provides an empirical analysis with unemployment as the dependent variable. The authors use data from 28 European Union countries for the period of 1992–2016 and pursue to research how technological innovations affect unemployment rate. There are two core independent variables – expenditure on R&D (research and development) and number of patent applications – as the main proxies for technological innovations. Control variables that affect unemployment are included to the model as well. The model was estimated using a dynamic two-step System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM-SYS) of a panel data system. After the composition of 12 different estimations of the model, the results suggest that, in some cases, technological innovations affect unemployment.

Skills Formation Across Countries

2014 ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
G. Monusova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Job Training ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Cross Country

Educational attainment and vocational training are important components of the human capital and they both show large cross-country variation. Large differences in vocational training between countries have two major interconnected explanations. The first one deals with structural differences in technological structure of labour demand, while the second one associates incidence of on-the-job training with institutional environment fertile for high tech developments.

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