Century Trends in the Volume Balance of Boreal Forests: Implications for Global CO2 Balance

1997 ◽  
pp. 452-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan N. D. Auclair ◽  
Julie A. Bedford
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Volume Balance ◽  
Co2 Balance

The CO2 balance of a boreal fen is more sensitive to drought than surrounding forests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Nilsson ◽  
Joshua Ratcliffe ◽  
Anne Klosterhalfen ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Jinchu Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Boreal Peatlands ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Co2 Balance ◽  
First Time ◽  
Boreal Landscape

<p>The boreal zone is one of the most carbon-dense biomes in the world and is comprised of a highly interconnected mosaic of forest and wetlands which are warming at a rate several times the global average with extreme weather events, such as droughts, becoming increasingly common. At the ecosystem scale, both forests and peatlands are often vulnerable to drought-induced carbon loss, however, the relative resilience of these two ecosystems within the boreal landscape is not well understood. Here we study the effect of the 2018 drought on CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in two boreal forests and a boreal peatland within <20km radius, i.e. experiencing the same weather conditions. The peatland displayed the strongest response to the drought, with the site becoming a net annual source for CO<sub>2</sub> for the first time in 17 years, with the CO<sub>2 </sub>sink slow to recover after the drought broke. In contrast, the response of the forests was mixed, a  spruce/pine forest on glacial till remained unaffected by the drought, whereas a nearby pine forest, situated on drier sandy soil, responded strongly to vapour pressure deficit and declining soil moisture content, decreasing with CO<sub>2</sub> uptake weakening, but still allowing the forest to function as a CO<sub>2</sub> sink. In contrast to the bog, the pine forest CO<sub>2</sub> sink quickly recovered following the end of the drought. We conclude that boreal peatlands are likely to be the most vulnerable component of the boreal landscape to drought and that soil type is likely to play a role in regulating the response of boreal forests.</p>

Syntaxonomy of mid-successional stages of secondary forests of the central elevated part of the Southern Urals

2012 ◽  
pp. 109-134
Author(s):  
P. S. Shirokikh ◽  
A. M. Kunafin ◽  
V. B. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Tree Layer ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Successional Stages

The secondary birch and aspen forests of middle stages of succession of the central elevated part of the Southern Urals are studied. 4 subassociations, 1 community, and 7 variants in the alliances of Aconito-Piceion and Piceion excelsae are allocated. It is shown that the floristic composition of aspen and birch secondary forests in the age of 60—80 years is almost identical to the natural forests. However, a slight increase the coenotical role of light-requiring species of grasslands and hemiboreal forests in the secondary communities of the class Brachypodio-Betuletea was noticed as well as some reduction of role the shade-tolerant species of nemoral complex and species of boreal forests of the class Vaccinio-Piceetea. Dominant tree layer under the canopy of secondary series is marked by an active growth of natural tree species.

Lime kiln conversion from coke to natural gas operation – an option in direction of sustainable energy

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
Oliver Arndt
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Lime Kiln ◽  
Lime Kilns ◽  
Co2 Balance ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

This paper deals with the conversion of coke fired lime kilns to gas and the conclusions drawn from the completed projects. The paper presents (1) the decision process associated with the adoption of the new technology, (2) the necessary steps of the conversion, (3) the experiences and issues which occurred during the first campaign, (4) the impacts on the beet sugar factory (i.e. on the CO2 balance and exhaust gas temperature), (5) the long term impressions and capabilities of several campaigns of operation, (6) the details of available technologies and (7) additional benefits that would justify a conversion from coke to natural gas operation on existing lime kilns. (8) Forecast view to develop systems usable for alternative gaseous fuels (e.g. biogas).

The Impact of Biochar on the Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2197-2208
Author(s):  
Carmen Otilia Rusanescu ◽  
Erol Murad ◽  
Cosmin Jinescu ◽  
Marin Rusanescu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Co2 Balance ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Organic Resources

In the present paper are presented the experimental results of biomass gasification, the biochair was produced from vineyards by controlled pyrolysis at 750 �C, in order to increase the fertility of soils, it was found the increase of the fertility produced by the development of the vegetables in the soil to which was added biochar. Soil was added to soil 4 g/dm3 biochar, 8 g/dm3 biochar, the soil had no high humidity, was taken at a time when it had not rained for at least one week, the soil pH was 8, in the soil with 8 g/dm3 biochar the plants increased compared to the soil with 4 g/dm3 and the soil without biochar. The biochar resulting from pyrolysis and gasification processes is a valuable amendment to agricultural soils and an efficient and economical way to seize carbon. Using biochar it is possible to increase the diversity of agricultural land in an environmentally sound way in areas with depleted soils, limited organic resources and insufficient water for development. Helps to soil carbon sequestration with negative CO2 balance, increases the productive potential of agricultural ecosystems.

Enhanced Seasonal Exchange of CO2 by Northern Ecosystems Since 1960

Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 341 (6150) ◽  
pp. 1085-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Graven ◽  
R. F. Keeling ◽  
S. C. Piper ◽  
P. K. Patra ◽  
B. B. Stephens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ecosystem Models ◽  
The North ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Global Carbon

Seasonal variations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Northern Hemisphere have increased since the 1950s, but sparse observations have prevented a clear assessment of the patterns of long-term change and the underlying mechanisms. We compare recent aircraft-based observations of CO2 above the North Pacific and Arctic Oceans to earlier data from 1958 to 1961 and find that the seasonal amplitude at altitudes of 3 to 6 km increased by 50% for 45° to 90°N but by less than 25% for 10° to 45°N. An increase of 30 to 60% in the seasonal exchange of CO2 by northern extratropical land ecosystems, focused on boreal forests, is implicated, substantially more than simulated by current land ecosystem models. The observations appear to signal large ecological changes in northern forests and a major shift in the global carbon cycle.

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