Multiple Genes Control Human Immune Responses

Ir Genes ◽  
1983 ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Eckels ◽  
J. R. Lamb ◽  
P. Lake ◽  
R. J. Hartzman ◽  
A. H. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Multiple Genes ◽  
Human Immune

Dermatomycoses: Challenges and Human Immune Responses

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzna Zahur ◽  
Amber Afroz ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Saba Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Human Immune

scholarly journals Bystander T cells in human immune responses to dengue antigens

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duangchan Suwannasaen ◽  
Arunrat Romphruk ◽  
Chanvit Leelayuwat ◽  
Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Human Immune

scholarly journals The chromatin accessibility signature of human immune aging stems from CD8+ T cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 214 (10) ◽  
pp. 3123-3144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Ucar ◽  
Eladio J. Márquez ◽  
Cheng-Han Chung ◽  
Radu Marches ◽  
Robert J. Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
T Cell Signaling ◽  
Memory Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Systems Immunology ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Chromatin Opening ◽  
Il7r Gene

Aging is linked to deficiencies in immune responses and increased systemic inflammation. To unravel the regulatory programs behind these changes, we applied systems immunology approaches and profiled chromatin accessibility and the transcriptome in PBMCs and purified monocytes, B cells, and T cells. Analysis of samples from 77 young and elderly donors revealed a novel and robust aging signature in PBMCs, with simultaneous systematic chromatin closing at promoters and enhancers associated with T cell signaling and a potentially stochastic chromatin opening mostly found at quiescent and repressed sites. Combined analyses of chromatin accessibility and the transcriptome uncovered immune molecules activated/inactivated with aging and identified the silencing of the IL7R gene and the IL-7 signaling pathway genes as potential biomarkers. This signature is borne by memory CD8+ T cells, which exhibited an aging-related loss in binding of NF-κB and STAT factors. Thus, our study provides a unique and comprehensive approach to identifying candidate biomarkers and provides mechanistic insights into aging-associated immunodeficiency.

scholarly journals Human Immune Responses to Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Vectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Ronzitti ◽  
David-Alexandre Gross ◽  
Federico Mingozzi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Human Immune

scholarly journals Scaling laws describe memories of host–pathogen riposte in the HIV population

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1965-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Barton ◽  
Mehran Kardar ◽  
Arup K. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Solvable Model ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Immune Selection ◽  
Exactly Solvable ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Human Immune

The enormous genetic diversity and mutability of HIV has prevented effective control of this virus by natural immune responses or vaccination. Evolution of the circulating HIV population has thus occurred in response to diverse, ultimately ineffective, immune selection pressures that randomly change from host to host. We show that the interplay between the diversity of human immune responses and the ways that HIV mutates to evade them results in distinct sets of sequences defined by similar collectively coupled mutations. Scaling laws that relate these sets of sequences resemble those observed in linguistics and other branches of inquiry, and dynamics reminiscent of neural networks are observed. Like neural networks that store memories of past stimulation, the circulating HIV population stores memories of host–pathogen combat won by the virus. We describe an exactly solvable model that captures the main qualitative features of the sets of sequences and a simple mechanistic model for the origin of the observed scaling laws. Our results define collective mutational pathways used by HIV to evade human immune responses, which could guide vaccine design.

scholarly journals Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and Immune Homeostasis: Gut-brain Axis, Obesity and Cognitive Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 124-154
Author(s):  
S. Bulgakova ◽  
N. Romanchuk ◽  
O. Pomazanova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Brain

The new competencies of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology play a strategic role in interdisciplinary science and interdisciplinary planning and decision-making. The introduction of multi-vector neurotechnologies of artificial intelligence and the principles of digital health care will contribute to the development of modern neuroscience and neuromarketing. The availability of innovative technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and correlated bioinformatics tools, allows deeper investigation of the cross-network relationships between the microbiota and human immune responses. Immune homeostasis is the balance between immunological tolerance and inflammatory immune responses — a key feature in the outcome of health or disease. A healthy microbiota is the qualitative and quantitative ratio of diverse microbes of individual organs and systems, maintaining the biochemical, metabolic and immune equilibrium of the macroorganism necessary to preserve human health. Functional foods, healthy biomicrobiota, healthy lifestyle and controlled protective environmental effects, artificial intelligence and electromagnetic information load/overload are responsible for the work of the human immune system and its ability to respond to pandemic attacks in a timely manner. Obesity continues to be one of the main problems of modern health care due to its high prevalence and polymorbidity. In addition to cardiometabolic diseases, lesions of the musculoskeletal system, obese individuals show impaired cognitive functions, have a high risk of developing depression and anxiety. The gut microbiota mediates between environmental influences (food, lifestyle) and the physiology of the host, and its change may partially explain the cross-link between the above pathologies. It is known that Western eating patterns are the main cause of the obesity epidemic, which also contributes to dysbiotic drift of the gut microbiota, which in turn contributes to the development of complications associated with obesity. Experimental studies in animal models and, to a lesser extent in humans, show that microbiota is associated with obesity and may contribute to the endocrine, neurochemical and development of systemic inflammation underlying obesity itself and related diseases. Nevertheless, a number of questions remain at present. Modeling the microbiota-gut-brain axis, provides the brain with information from the gut not only through the nervous system but also through a continuous stream of microbial, endocrine, metabolic and immune messages. The communication network provides important keys to understanding how obesity and diabetes can affect the brain by provoking neuropsychiatric diseases. The literature review is devoted to the analysis of data on the relationship of the gut-brain axis, obesity and cognitive functions, immune homeostasis and new competencies: psychoneuroimmunology and psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology.

scholarly journals Human Immune Responses to a Novel Norwalk Virus Vaccine Delivered in Transgenic Potatoes

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol O. Tacket ◽  
Hugh S. Mason ◽  
Genevieve Losonsky ◽  
Mary K. Estes ◽  
Myron M. Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Norwalk Virus ◽  
Transgenic Potatoes ◽  
Human Immune

scholarly journals Cross-talk between Toll-like receptors 5 and 9 on activation of human immune responses

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Merlo ◽  
Claudia Calcaterra ◽  
Sylvie Mènard ◽  
Andrea Balsari
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Human Immune

scholarly journals Development of a new patient-derived xenograft humanised mouse model to study human-specific tumour microenvironment and immunotherapy

Gut ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1845-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Timothy Wai Ho Shuen ◽  
Tan Boon Toh ◽  
Xue Ying Chan ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Patient Derived Xenograft ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Human Specific

ObjectiveAs the current therapeutic strategies for human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been proven to have limited effectiveness, immunotherapy becomes a compelling way to tackle the disease. We aim to provide humanised mouse (humice) models for the understanding of the interaction between human cancer and immune system, particularly for human-specific drug testing.DesignPatient-derived xenograft tumours are established with type I human leucocyte antigen matched human immune system in NOD-scid Il2rg−/− (NSG) mice. The longitudinal changes of the tumour and immune responses as well as the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors are investigated.ResultsSimilar to the clinical outcomes, the human immune system in our model is educated by the tumour and exhibits exhaustion phenotypes such as a significant declination of leucocyte numbers, upregulation of exhaustion markers and decreased the production of human proinflammatory cytokines. Notably, cytotoxic immune cells decreased more rapidly compared with other cell types. Tumour infiltrated T cells have much higher expression of exhaustion markers and lower cytokine production compared with peripheral T cells. In addition, tumour-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells are found to be highly enriched in the tumour microenvironment. Interestingly, the tumour also changes gene expression profiles in response to immune responses by upregulating immune checkpoint ligands. Most importantly, in contrast to the NSG model, our model demonstrates both therapeutic and side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab and ipilimumab.ConclusionsOur work provides a model for immune-oncology study and a useful parallel-to-human platform for anti-HCC drug testing, especially immunotherapy.

scholarly journals P03-02. SCID-hu mice generate HIV specific human immune responses after gp96 vaccination

Retrovirology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
LE Gonzalez ◽  
N Strbo ◽  
ER Podack
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Human Immune
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document