Differentiation of B Lymphocytes in Sheep. II. Surface Phenotype of B Cells Leaving the ‘Bursa-Equivalent’ Lymphoid Tissue of Sheep, Ileal Peyer’s Patches

1985 ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Miyasaka ◽  
J. Reynolds ◽  
L. Dudler ◽  
M-F. Beya ◽  
W. Leiserson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Surface Phenotype

scholarly journals Two Distinct Pathways of B-Cell Development in Peyer’s Patches

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Griebel ◽  
Birgit Kugelberg ◽  
Giorgio Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Cell Development ◽  
B Cell Development ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment

The developmental biology of sheep ileal and jejunal Peyer’s patches (PP) was investigated using corticosteroids to deplete immature B lymphocytes. During a 7-day treatment with dexamethasone, ileal PP follicular (iPf)B-cell proliferation was arrested and most iPfB-cells died. This resulted in follicular involution with the survival of mesenchymal cells. No iPfB-cell proliferation was detected in follicular remnants for 4 weeks postdexamethasone treatment, and during a subsequent 3-month period, there was limited iPfB-cell proliferation that resulted in a partial regeneration of follicles. Ileal PP involution was also associated with a severe B lymphopenia that persisted for over 14 weeks and was characterized by the survival of primarily isotype-switched and CD5+sIgM+B-cells in blood. In contrast, the size of jejunal PP follicles was reduced following dexamethasone treatment, but intrafollicular B-cell proliferation was not arrested. Furthermore, within 4 weeks, the jejunal PP follicles had recovered in size and cellularity and there was no disruption in IgA plasma-cell production. Thus, dexamethasone selectively depleted iPfB-cells and revealed that the ileal and jejunal PPs contain functionally distinct B-cell populations. The partial regeneration of the iPfB-cell population indicated that either an intrafollicular, corticosteroid-resistant B-stem cell existed or that ileal PP follicles can be repopulated by circulating B-cells. Finally, the association between ileal PP involution and the absence of circulating, CD5-B-cells confirmed that this lymphoid tissue provides an essential environment for conventional sIgM+B-cell development.

scholarly journals IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF LYMPHOID POPULATIONS IN RABBIT JEJUNAL PEYER’S PATCH

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Khomych ◽  
Olha Fedorenko
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Domestic Rabbit ◽  
Rabbit Intestine ◽  
Livestock Animal ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

Rabbits are an important livestock animal species, which are used for their meat and fur. Nowadays they are also becoming more popular as pets. Furthermore, rabbits are commonly used in research, inter alia in immunological studies and for studying pathogenesis of human and animal diseases. The lymphoid tissue is abundant in the rabbit intestine and a lot of it is concentrated in Peyer's patches, the majority of which is located in the jejunum. Understanding of the rabbit Peyer's patches functions is essential for the prevention and treatment of their diseases. In order to enhance it, accurate knowledge of its lymphocyte population composition is needed. At present, the cellular composition of the rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue remains insufficiently studied. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish the content and localization of lymphoid populations in the domestic rabbit jejunal Peyer’s patches.  We performed immunohistochemical studies using monoclonal antibodies CD3, CD10 and CD20 (DAKO, Denmark) to identify the distribution of lymphoid populations in jejunal Peyer's patches of a mature domestic rabbit. The results, obtained in our study, complement the existing data and determine the main lymphoid populations in the rabbit jejunal Peyer's patches. The presented data are fundamental for further studies of the rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue. We found that lymphoid nodules of jejunal Peyer's patches contains a predominant CD20+ cell population (B cells). It also contains many CD10+ cells (precursors of T cells and B cells), which are mostly concentrated in the germinal centers of lymphoid nodules. In the diffuse form of the lymphoid tissue the vast majority of cells are CD3+ cells (T cells)

scholarly journals Diet, exercise and gut mucosal immunity

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Valdés-Ramos ◽  
Beatriz E. Martínez-Carrillo ◽  
Irma I. Aranda-González ◽  
Ana Laura Guadarrama ◽  
Rosa Virgen Pardo-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Diet and exercise are primary strategies recommended for the control of the obesity epidemic. Considerable attention is being paid to the effect of both on the immune system. However, little research has been done on the effect of diet, nutrients or exercise on the mucosal immune system. The gastrointestinal tract (gut) is not only responsible for the entry of nutrients into the organism, but also for triggering the primary immune response to orally ingested antigens. The gut-associated lymphoid tissue contains a large amount of immune cells, disseminated all along the intestine in Peyer's patches and lamina propria. Specific nutrients or their combinations, as well as the microflora, are capable of modulating the immune system through cell activation, production of signalling molecules or gene expression. We have observed an increase in T-cells as well as a decrease in B-cells from Peyer's patches, induced by diets high in fats or carbohydrates in Balb/c mice. It has also been demonstrated that exercise modulates the immune system, where moderate levels may improve its function by increasing the proliferation of lymphocytes from various sites, including gut-associated lymphoid tissue, whereas exhaustive acute exercise may cause immunosuppression. High-fat diets combined with exercise are able to induce an increase in CD3+ lymphocytes due to increased CD8+ cells and a decrease in B-cells. Explanations and consequences of the effects of diet and exercise on the gut mucosal immunity are still being explored.

scholarly journals Differentiated B lymphocytes. Potential to express particular antibody variable and constant regions depends on site of lymphoid tissue and antigen load.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Gearhart ◽  
J J Cebra
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patch ◽  
Peyer's Patch ◽  
Cell Potential ◽  
Variable Regions

B cells have the potential to respond to an antigen by producing antibodies with a variety of variable and constant regions. We have quantitatively analyzed B-cell potential at the single cell level to determine the effect of lymphoid tissue site and antigen load on the expression of variable and constant regions. Concerning variable region expression, although the total frequency of B-cell precursors for phosphorylcholine is similar between nonimmune spleen and gut-associated Peyer's patch tissues, the proportion of cells producing non-TEPC 15 idiotypes is greater from Peyer's patch than from spleen. Oral immunization with phosphorylcholine-containing Ascaris suum increased the frequency of non-TEPC 15 B cells. Thus variation in the proportion of cells bearing different variable regions may be related to the distinct antigenic environment of cells in Peyer's patches compared to that of cells in spleen. Regarding constant region expression, although B cells from both spleen and Peyer's patches generate clones producing IgM, IgGl, and IgA singly and in all combinations, cells from Peyer's patches generate more clones secreting only IgA than cells from spleen. B cells specific for phosphorylcholine and inulin, which are found on intestinal bacteria, produce more IgA-only clones than B cells specific for the dinitrophenyl determinant. This striking correlation between IgA expression and variable region specificity for antigen implies that environmental antigens have expanded certain B cells in Peyer's patches which then have the ability to generate progeny that express only IgA. Evidence supporting the secondary nature of precursors for IgA-only clones is obtained by their ability to produce this isotype after stimulation with histoincompatible T cells. The role of gut antigens may be to clonally expand IgA precursors and perhaps to stimulate the proliferation of less differentiated cells within the unique microenvironment of the Peyer's patches, allowing them to differentiate to IgA precursors.

scholarly journals HMGB1 promotes CXCL12‐dependent egress of murine B cells from Peyer's patches in homeostasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Spagnuolo ◽  
Viola Puddinu ◽  
Noémie Boss ◽  
Thibaud Spinetti ◽  
Anne Oberson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches

scholarly journals Whipple’s Disease Affecting Ileal Peyer’s Patches: The First Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sabah Sid’Amar ◽  
Giacomo Puppa
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Whipple’S Disease ◽  
Whipple's Disease ◽  
First Case

Whipple’s disease is a rare chronic systemic bacterial infectious disease which can affect multiple organs, with a wide clinical spectrum encompassing many symptoms presenting in various forms and combinations. In the cases where the gastrointestinal tract is implicated, the more frequent localizations involve the small bowel, especially the duodenum. A case of a 67-year-old man who underwent clinical investigation after presenting with a progressive weight loss and showing a hypercapting right paracoeliac adenopathy at PET-CT scan is reported herein. A gastroscopy and a colonoscopy were done. The biopsies of the endoscopically normal ileal mucosa encompassed some submucosal Peyer’s patches. Histological examination of this lymphoid tissue revealed several foamy macrophages which turned out positive on periodic acid-Schiff special staining. Polymerase chain reaction of the microdissected lymph follicles allowed for confirming Whipple’s disease diagnosis. A targeted antibiotic treatment administrated to the patient led to a rapid clinical improvement. This finding of a previously unreported localization of infected macrophages in Whipple’s disease suggests that sampling the organized mucosal-submucosal lymphoid tissue may increase the diagnostic yield in endoscopic biopsies.

Histochemical Studies on Post Natal Development of Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) of Intestine of Pati Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) of Assam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Deka ◽  
M. Talukdar ◽  
D.J. Talukdar
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

Background: The Pati duck constitutes a major indigenous duck variety in the state of Assam. The study of the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of Pati duck of Assam is of great value in regard to normal academic and bio-medical research aspects. It is also pre-requisite for correct diagnosis and evaluating the treatment of certain diseases like duck virus enteritis, duck cholera, aflatoxicosis, botulism etc, caused by different types of pathogens, food poisoning and food allergy. Methods: The study was conducted on Pati duck of Assam in where 45 numbers of ducks were selected by irrespective of sex at different stages of development. The birds were divided into five groups depending on its age viz., 1st week, 4th week, 16th week, 24th week and 42nd weeks old. The pieces of gut having lymphoid tissue or Peyer’s patches were collected immediately after slaughter. Samples were made cryosections (-20oC) at 10µm in thickness and were temporally stored at (-22oC). The histochemical staining was done after that. Result: The acid phosphatase activity was weak in the lymphoid follicles of 1st and 4th week of age of Pati duck, while its activity was moderate in 16th, 24th and 42th week of age.The alkaline phosphatase activity was moderate reaction in the lymphoid follicles of 1st and 4th week of age of Pati duck, while its activity was intense in 16th, 24th and 42th week of age of duck. The lymphoid follicles of both Peyer’s patches and solitary lymphoid nodules were showed moderate activity for adenosine tri-phosphatase activity in 1st and 4th week old Pati duck and strong activity in 16th, 24th and 42th week of age of Pati duck, respectively. The lymphoid nodules of intestine showed strong reaction for non-specific esterase activity in all the age groups of Pati duck.

Functional zones of Peyer’s patch (PPs) in rabbits’ caecum

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
M. O. Nikitina ◽  
M. V. Kravtsova ◽  
A. A. Bohomaz
Keyword(s):  
Germinal Center ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Vermiform Appendix ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Germinal Centers ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Mantle Zone ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

A feature of rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue is that its structure is more developed than in other animal species. In rabbits it is composed of sacculus rotundus, vermiform appendix and Peyer’s patches. These immune formations contain an organized component of lymphoid tissue – lymphoid nodules (B-cell zone) and interfollicular region (T-cell). Secondary lymphoid nodules with germinal centers presented in them are formed due to antigen stimulation. The caecum of Hyplus rabbits at the age of 30 -, 60 - and 90-days was investigated. Each age group consisted of 5 rabbits. Experimental rabbits are clinically healthy, unvaccinated and untreated against ecto- and endoparasites. Peyer’s patches of the caecum were selected for the study and fixed in 10% of formalin. Subsequently, the specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin were prepared from the obtained samples. On the 30th day of life, Peyer’s patches in the cecum were detected by gross examination. On the histological level, they had formed interfollicular region and lymphoid nodules. In turn, lymphoid nodules were divided into primary and secondary ones. A well-defined mantle zone and germinal centers were observed in the secondary lymphoid nodules. The regularities of their area indicators increase (mean value, median and interquartile range (IQR)) and their correlation were studied. The most intensive growth of the mantle area and the germinal center was observed from the 30th to the 60th day. The relative area of the mantle zone and the germinal center as part of the secondary lymphoid nodule was determined. Its value did not change during the experimental period.

Increased apoptosis in lamina propria B cells during polymicrobial sepsis is FasL but not endotoxin mediated

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. G812-G818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Shiang Chung ◽  
Weiyang Wang ◽  
Irshad H. Chaudry ◽  
Alfred Ayala
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Lymphocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Fas Antigen ◽  
Iga Production

Recent studies from our laboratory demonstrated that mucosal lymphoid tissue such as Peyer's patch cells and lamina propria (LP) B lymphocytes from mice shows evidence of increased apoptosis after sepsis that is associated with localized inflammation/activation. The mechanism for this is poorly understood. Endotoxin as well as Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) have been shown to augment lymphocyte apoptosis; however, their contribution to the increase of apoptosis in LP B-cells during sepsis is not known. To study this, sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in endotoxin-tolerant C3H/HeJ or FasL-deficient C3H/HeJ- FasLgld(FasL−) mice and LP lymphocytes were isolated 24 h later. Phenotypic, apoptotic, and functional indexes were assessed. The number of LP B cells decreased markedly in C3H/HeJ mice but not in FasL-deficient animals at 24 h after CLP. This was associated with comparable alteration in apoptosis and Fas antigen expression in the B cells of these mice. Septic LP lymphocytes also showed increased IgA production, which was absent in the FasL-deficient CLP mice. Furthermore, Fas ligand deficiency appeared to improve survival of septic challenge. These data suggest that the increase in B cell apoptosis in septic animals is partially due to a Fas/FasL-mediated process but not endotoxin.

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