Uniform Building Code—1988: Dynamic Method

The selectivity coefficients of the nitrate and chloride ions and of anionic chloro complexes of Au(III), Rh(III), Pd(II), and Pt(IV) for ion exchange on Spheron DEAE in the chloride form are determined by the dynamic method. the complex anion species formed are identified and the ion exchange nature of the sorption of precious metals on this sorbent is confirmed based on the elution order of the precious metals as determined previously by the column chromatography on Spheron DEAE using hydrochloric acid as the mobile phase. The effect of the presence of perchlorate in the mobile phase during the liquid chromatography of precious metals and during the chromatographic determination of nitrate traces is explained.

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Extra-Column Effects in Determination of Rate Parameters by the Chromatographic Method

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19960844 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 844-855 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Olga Šolcová ◽

Petr Schneider

Keyword(s):

Chromatographic Method ◽

Dynamic Method ◽

Axial Dispersion ◽

Transport Parameters ◽

Porous Particles ◽

Loop Detector ◽

Single Pellet ◽

Set Up ◽

Extra Column Effects

It was shown that the sampling loop, detector and connecting elements in the chromatographic set-up for determination of transport parameters by the dynamic method significantly influence the response peaks from columns packed with porous or nonporous particles. A method, based on the use of convolution theorem, was developed which can take these effects into account. The applicability of this method was demonstrated on the case of axial dispersion in a single-pellet-string column (SPSR) packed with nonporous particles. It is possible to handle also responses from columns packed with porous particles by a similar procedure.

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Convective Storms and the Insurance Industry: Challenges and Opportunities

The Oxford Handbook of Non-Synoptic Wind Storms ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190670252.013.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kirsten D. Orwig

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Tropical Cyclones ◽

Insurance Industry ◽

Property Values ◽

Construction Materials ◽

The United States ◽

Building Code ◽

Convective Storms ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Insured Loss

Convective storms affect countries worldwide, with billions in losses and dozens of fatalities every year. They are now the key insured loss driver in the United States, even after considering the losses sustained by tropical cyclones in 2017. Since 2008, total insured losses from convective storms have exceeded $10 billion per year. Additionally, these losses continue to increase year over year. Key loss drivers include increased population, buildings, vehicles, and property values. However, other loss drivers relate to construction materials and practices, as well as building code adoption and enforcement. The increasing loss trends pose a number of challenges for the insurance industry and broader society. These challenges are discussed, and some recommendations are presented.

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE TRANSIENT FLOW IN NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION LINES USING A COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC METHOD

American Journal of Applied Sciences ◽

10.3844/ajassp.2013.24.34 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 24-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arafat

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamic ◽

Transmission Lines ◽

Dynamic Method ◽

Transient Flow ◽

Fluid Dynamic ◽

Natural Gas Transmission

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Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficients in Mixtures of Water and Glycerin

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9050830 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 830

Author(s):

Viktor Vajc ◽

Radek Šulc ◽

Martin Dostál

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Dynamic Method ◽

Water Mass ◽

Heat Fluxes ◽

Static Method ◽

Transfer Coefficients ◽

Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽

Mean Relative Error ◽

Mixture Effects ◽

Mass Fractions

Heat transfer coefficients were investigated for saturated nucleate pool boiling of binary mixtures of water and glycerin at atmospheric pressure in a wide range of concentrations and heat fluxes. Mixtures with water mass fractions from 100% to 40% were boiled on a horizontal flat copper surface at heat fluxes from about 25 up to 270kWm−2. Experiments were carried out by static and dynamic method of measurement. Results of the static method show that the impact of mixture effects on heat transfer coefficient cannot be neglected and ideal heat transfer coefficient has to be corrected for all investigated concentrations and heat fluxes. Experimental data are correlated with the empirical correlation α=0.59q0.714+0.130ωw with mean relative error of 6%. Taking mixture effects into account, data are also successfully correlated with the combination of Stephan and Abdelsalam (1980) and Schlünder (1982) correlations with mean relative error of about 15%. Recommended coefficients of Schlünder correlation C0=1 and βL=2×10−4ms−1 were found to be acceptable for all investigated mixtures. The dynamic method was developed for fast measurement of heat transfer coefficients at continuous change of composition of boiling mixture. The dynamic method was tested for water–glycerin mixtures with water mass fractions from 70% down to 35%. Results of the dynamic method were found to be comparable with the static method. For water–glycerin mixtures with higher water mass fractions, precise temperature measurements are needed.

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