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2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 130140
Author(s):  
Steven J. Kenway ◽  
Ka Leung Lam ◽  
Jennifer Stokes-Draut ◽  
Kelly Twomey Sanders ◽  
Amanda N. Binks ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Doris Oke ◽  
Jennifer B. Dunn ◽  
Troy R. Hawkins

Analyzed the extent to which biomass can contribute to the decarbonization of transportation as electrification of the light-duty fleet increases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech J. Nawrocki ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Bailey Raber ◽  
Chen Hu ◽  
Catherine de Vitry ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Sergej Evtushenko ◽  
Filipp Burcev

The article discusses the methodology for assessing the degree of cyclical use of resources, during the determination of the residual resource of engineering systems during the operation of buildings. The proposed key performance indicators measure various parameters that are not directly related: energy, materials, social impact, and are both quantitative and qualitative indicators. Consequently, the proposed methodology performs the procedure for calculating indicators independently, which in turn allows the effective use of materials at the design stage of buildings, as well as during their operation. In this article, a methodology for calculating the recycling index of materials is obtained.


Nature Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarmo S. Kikstra ◽  
Adriano Vinca ◽  
Francesco Lovat ◽  
Benigna Boza-Kiss ◽  
Bas van Ruijven ◽  
...  

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5257
Author(s):  
Iain Walker ◽  
Brennan Less ◽  
David Lorenzetti ◽  
Michael D. Sohn

This study examined the use of zoned ventilation systems using a coupled CONTAM/EnergyPlus model for new California dwellings. Several smart control strategies were developed with a target of halving ventilation-related energy use, largely through reducing dwelling ventilation rates based on zone occupancy. The controls were evaluated based on the annual energy consumption relative to continuously operating non-zoned, code-compliant mechanical ventilation systems. The systems were also evaluated from an indoor air quality perspective using the equivalency approach, where the annual personal concentration of a contaminant for a control strategy is compared to the personal concentration that would have occurred using a continuously operating, non-zoned system. Individual occupant personal concentrations were calculated for the following contaminants of concern: moisture, CO2, particles, and a generic contaminant. Zonal controls that saved energy by reducing outside airflow achieved typical reductions in ventilation-related energy of 10% to 30%, compared to the 7% savings from the unzoned control. However, this was at the expense of increased personal concentrations for some contaminants in most cases. In addition, care is required in the design and evaluation of zonal controls, because control strategies may reduce exposure to some contaminants, while increasing exposure to others.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Martin Friák ◽  
Miroslav Černý ◽  
Mojmír Šob

We performed a quantum mechanical study of segregation of Cu atoms toward antiphase boundaries (APBs) in Fe3Al. The computed concentration of Cu atoms was 3.125 at %. The APBs have been characterized by a shift of the lattice along the ⟨001⟩ crystallographic direction. The APB energy turns out to be lower for Cu atoms located directly at the APB interfaces and we found that it is equal to 84 mJ/m2. Both Cu atoms (as point defects) and APBs (as extended defects) have their specific impact on local magnetic moments of Fe atoms (mostly reduction of the magnitude). Their combined impact was found to be not just a simple sum of the effects of each of the defect types. The Cu atoms are predicted to segregate toward the studied APBs, but the related energy gain is very small and amounts to only 4 meV per Cu atom. We have also performed phonon calculations and found all studied states with different atomic configurations mechanically stable without any soft phonon modes. The band gap in phonon frequencies of Fe3Al is barely affected by Cu substituents but reduced by APBs. The phonon contributions to segregation-related energy changes are significant, ranging from a decrease by 16% at T = 0 K to an increase by 17% at T = 400 K (changes with respect to the segregation-related energy difference between static lattices). Importantly, we have also examined the differences in the phonon entropy and phonon energy induced by the Cu segregation and showed their strongly nonlinear trends.


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