Rat Latent Inhibition and Prepulse Inhibition are Sensitive to Different Manipulations of the Social Environment: A Comprehensive Study of the Environmental Approach to Neurodevelopmental Models of Schizophrenia
Tourette Syndrome is almost exclusively seen through the lens of disruptive tics. The most relevant clinical question seems to be: how to combat tics? In line with emerging calls from those diagnosed, we argue for a more positive approach focused on the Tourettic person, rather than on disruptions flowing from tics. This change of focus is ethically motivated but has important theoretical implications. As an exercise in ‘letting be’ (i.e. of finding out what something is on its own terms, through sensitively interacting with it), it brings out the basic relationalities of Tourette’s with both the non-human and the social environment. Echoing Tourettic lived experience, disruptive tics then emerge as the tips of icebergs consisting of spontaneous, even playful, interactions with the environment. A more nuanced view emerges in which problems experienced by those diagnosed are no longer located in individual brains but require comprehensive study of how tics situationally develop. Listening attentively to lived experience reports leads to a dramatic shift away from the classical ‘lack of inhibition’ model, to reveal a constant pressure to inhibit actions that one feels strongly and spontaneously compelled to do. This inhibition is dependent on what is signaled as disruptive by others and is therefore suppressed for their sake. The Tourettic person’s distress or felt impairment seems more tied to an onlooker’s focus on their tics, than on the severity and frequency of their tics. We conclude that ‘letting be’ is an attitude towards Tourette’s that is worth considering, both clinically and theoretically. In fact, we believe that the overall good prognosis as to felt impairment correlates with finding trusted environments where one is ‘let be’ (without being ‘let go of’) instead of living under constant scrutiny.
Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975 related to the implementation of marriage was made to support and maximize the implementation of Law No. 1 of 1974 which had not yet proceeded properly. This paper examines Government Regulations related to the implementation of marriage from the perspective of sociology and anthropology of Islamic law. Although the rules already exist, some people still carry out marriages without being registered. This is anthropologically the same as releasing the protection provided by the government to its people for the sake of a rule. In the sociology of Islamic law, protection is a benchmark for the assessment of society in the social environment. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to find out how the implementation of marriage according to PP. No. 9 of 1975 concerning the Marriage Law in the socio-anthropological perspective of Islamic Law.
Showing the specificity of the work of the contemporary library, and the variety of its tasks, which go far beyond the lending of books. The specificity of the library’s public relations concerning different aspects of its activity. The internal and external functions of the library’s public relations and their specificity. The significant question of motivating the social environment to use the offer of libraries, and simulta-neously the need to change the negative perception of the library, which discourages part of its poten-tial users from taking advantage of its services. The negative stereotypes of librarians’ work perpetuated in the public consciousness and their harmful character. The need to change the public relations of libra-ries and librarians with a view to improving the realization of the tasks they face. Showing the public relations tools which may serve to change the image of librarians and libraries with particular emphasis on social media. This article is a review article, highlighting selected research on the librarian’s stereo-type and suggesting actions that change the image of librarians and libraries.
There are following prerequisites outlined in this article: worldwide democratization trend; complexity of structures of social systems; growing needs in human capital development; autonomy of national higher education institutions; civilizational problem of Ukraine in national elite. Conceptual problems on a road to real democracy in higher education institutions were actualized and analyzed. Determined and characterized three models of higher education institutions activities based on the level of democratization needs of their social environment as: negative, neutral and favorable.
Letting Tourette's be?