Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Diagnosis, Maternal and Fetal Outcomes, and Management

2009 ◽  
pp. 239-253
Author(s):  
Assiamira Ferrara ◽  
Catherine Kim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis

scholarly journals Diagnosis of gestational diabetes in Uganda: The reactions of women, family members and health workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110137
Author(s):  
Flavia Zalwango ◽  
Janet Seeley ◽  
Arthur Namara ◽  
Sanjay Kinra ◽  
Moffat Nyirenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

Objectives: In Uganda, as in many other low- and middle-income countries, screening for gestational diabetes mellitus is suboptimal and is rarely embedded in routine antenatal care. We describe the experiences of women in Uganda who underwent screening for gestational diabetes mellitus and were diagnosed with the condition as they navigate both the reaction of family members and their interaction with health workers. Methods: Pregnant women aged 18 years or older and between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation were enrolled from the antenatal clinics at one of the five hospitals between 13 June 2018 and 31 October 2019. Ten women with gestational diabetes mellitus, ten family members and six health workers were purposively selected to take part. Interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data on the socio-cultural and health system factors that influence timely screening and effective management of gestational diabetes mellitus in Uganda. Data were analysed thematically. Results: Women generally reflected on the importance of gestational diabetes mellitus screening and felt that an early diagnosis helped them to get timely medical attention, and most reported a positive experience of the care provided by health workers. However, women who were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus reported feeling fearful and anxious, and some were worried that the condition might be life-threatening. Many women reported that they were upset and largely unprepared to receive a gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis. A gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis not only stirred intense feelings of fear and anxiety in women but also affected their spouses and other family members. Many male partners were sympathetic and willing to provide support. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need to understand the perceptions and emotions that accompany a gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis to best support women and their family members. An improved recognition of these factors can inform the development of effective gestational diabetes mellitus screening and management programmes.

scholarly journals Burden, associated risk factors and adverse outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus in twin pregnancies in Al Ain, UAE

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juma Alkaabi ◽  
Raya Almazrouei ◽  
Taoufik Zoubeidi ◽  
Fatema M. Alkaabi ◽  
Fatima Rashid Alkendi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Al Ain ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The City ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in singleton pregnancies represent a high-risk scenario. The incidence, associated factors and outcomes of GDM in twin pregnancies is not known in the UAE. Methods This was five years retrospective analysis of hospital records of twin pregnancies in the city of Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Relevant data with regards to the pregnancy, maternal and birth outcomes and incidence of GDM was extracted from two major hospitals in the city. Regression models assessed the relationship between socio-demographic and pregnancy-related variables and GDM, and the associations between GDM and maternal and fetal outcomes at birth. Results A total of 404 women and their neonates were part of this study. The study population had a mean age of 30.1 (SD: 5.3), overweight or obese (66.5%) and were majority multiparous (66.6%). High incidence of GDM in twin pregnancies (27.0%). While there were no statistical differences in outcomes of the neonates, GDM mothers were older (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.06–1.4) and heavier (aOR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00 -1.04). They were also likely to have had GDM in their previous pregnancies (aOR: 7.37, 95% CI: 2.76–19.73). The prognosis of mothers with twin pregnancies and GDM lead to an independent and increased odds of cesarean section (aOR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.03–5.30) and hospitalization during pregnancy (aOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.16–2.20). Conclusion More than a quarter of women with twin pregnancies were diagnosed with GDM. GDM was associated with some adverse pregnancy outcomes but not fetal outcomes in this population. More studies are needed to further investigate these associations and the management of GDM in twin pregnancies.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its maternal and fetal outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 5206
Author(s):  
Gude P. Narayanrao ◽  
R. Kala ◽  
A. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Fetal Outcomes

We hereby report the results of a prospective cohort study where we compared the association of various demographic factors and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), determined the prevalence of GDM and its maternal and fetal outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Maternal and Fetal Outcomes at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
D. H. John ◽  
P. A. Awoyesuku ◽  
D. A. MacPepple ◽  
N. J. Kwosah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common cause of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy accounting for about 90% of all diabetic pregnancies. Women with GDM are at increased risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality which are preventable through early diagnosis and treatment. Objective: The aim was to determine the prevalence of GDM, compare the maternal and neonatal complications among GDM and non-GDM pregnant women, and the risk factors associated with GDM. Methodology: A prospective cohort study was carried out among 105 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of RSUTH between February and August 2017. They were interviewed using a pre-structured questionnaire that covered variables related to socio-demographic factors and family, medical, and social history. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) was done after an overnight fast. Women who had FBS less than 7 mmol/L had 75 g Oral Glucose Tolerant Test (OGTT) done. Those diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus were the exposed group while those negative for GDM were the non-exposed group. Both groups were followed up to delivery, and maternal and fetal outcomes were noted. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20 and significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of GDM was 10.5%. Positive history of GDM in previous pregnancy was the only independent risk factor (p=0.04, Adj OR: 26.89, 95% CI 2.86 to 252.61). GDM mothers had a significantly higher risk of developing pre-eclampsia (RR=7.48; 95% CI =3.36 to 16.63). Neonates of GDM mothers were at increased risk of fetal macrosomia (RR =9.00; 95% CI=1.36 to 59.4) and neonatal admissions (RR=8.00; C.I =1.19 to 53.67). Conclusion: The study revealed that the prevalence of GDM was high and that those with GDM were at increased risk of developing fetal and maternal complications. A history of GDM in previous pregnancy was an essential risk factor for subsequent GDM.

scholarly journals Teenage Pregnancy; Maternal and Fetal Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3394-3396
Author(s):  
Bushra Mehmood ◽  
Anisa Saleem ◽  
Rubina Kausar ◽  
Amna Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Post Partum Haemorrhage ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Nicu Admission

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the adverse adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in teenage pregnant women. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration: Department of Gyne & Obs, Shahida Islam Teaching Hospital Lodhran, during from 15-04-2020 to 31-03-2021. Material and methods: Total one hundred and twenty patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were aged between 14- 40 years. Patients detailed demographics were recorded after taking written consent. Patients were equally divided into two groups I and II. 60 patients of aged between 14-18 years were included in group I and equally patients of aged >18 were included in group II. Frequency of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and post-partum haemorrhage were calculated. Adverse outcomes among (cesarean section, instrumental delivery,induction of labor and prolong labor, hypertensive disorder) were calculated among both groups. Fetal outcomes Perinatal mortality, Low birth weight, Low Apgar score and NICU admission were observed. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients in group I was 17.88±1.42 years with mean BMI 22.09±4.66 Kg/m2 and in group II mean age was 19.16±8.64 years with mean BMI 23.87±4.57 Kg/m2. Fetal outcomes, perinatal mortality in group I 8 (13.3%) and in group II was 5 (8.3%), low birth weight in group I was among 25 (41.7%) and in group II was 9 (15%), low apgar score in group I was 10 (16.7%) and in group II was 7 (11.7%), 12 (20%) in group I went to NICU admission and 4 (6.7%) patient in group II admitted to NICU. Frequency of pre-eclampsia in group I were high among 27 (45%) patients as compared to group II 13 (21.7%) patients , frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus in group I was among 14 (23.3 %) patients and 5 (8.3%) patients were in group II, post partum haemorrhage was seen in 42 (70%) cases in group I and 23 (38.3%) cases in group II. Conclusion: Delaying intrauterine development and premature neonatal intensive care admissions are also on the rise in this study. Anemia, urinary tract infection, high blood pressure pregnancy, and surgical delivery are all associated with pregnancies in which the mother is a teenager. Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, Partum haemorrhage, Maternal outcome, Fetal outcome

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