Engineering Mononucleosomes for Single-Pair FRET Experiments

2011 ◽  
pp. 291-303
Author(s):  
Wiepke J. A. Koopmans ◽  
Ruth Buning ◽  
John van Noort
Keyword(s):  
Single Pair

scholarly journals Common Loon, Gavia immer, Breeding Success in Relation to Lake pH and Lake Size Over 25 Years

2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Alvo
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Gavia Immer ◽  
Common Loon ◽  
Sulphur Deposition ◽  
Acidic Lakes ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Lake Size ◽  
Critical Ph

I monitored Common Loon (Gavia immer) breeding success in relation to lake pH (range 4.0–8.5) between 1982 and 2007 on 38 single-pair lakes (5–88 ha) in the Sudbury, Ontario, area. No chicks fledged on lakes with pH < 4.4. Chicks fledged on lakes with slightly higher pH only if the lakes were relatively large. Acidic lakes became less acidic as sulphur dioxide emissions from the Sudbury smelters and sulphur deposition from other long-range sources decreased. Two lakes initially too acidic to support successful loon reproduction eventually had successful reproduction. One loon pair used two large acidic lakes (combined area 140 ha) connected by shallow rapids, and one of the adults made extremely long dives (average = 99 s) while foraging for the chicks. One chick died on that lake after apparently ingesting a very large food item; the lack of smaller items was attributed to the lake’s acidity. My results suggest that a shortage of food for chicks is the main reason why low pH reduces breeding success. I suggest that, for lakes without high levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the critical pH for loon breeding success is approximately 4.3, and the suboptimal pH is approximately 4.4–6.0.

NEURAL FACTORS IN THE MAINTENANCE OF LACTATION IN THE RAT

1967 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. EDWARDSON ◽  
J. T. EAYRS
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Endocrine Response ◽  
Peripheral Innervation ◽  
Lactational Performance ◽  
Neural Factors

SUMMARY The role of the peripheral innervation of mammary tissue in the maintenance of lactation has been investigated by the procedure of selective thelectomy combined with denervation of the posterior thoracic nipples. When suckling is restricted to a single pair of nipples bilateral transection of the three adjacent nerves supplying a nipple arrests lactation completely; partial denervation is associated with a reduced level of lactational performance which is directly related to the concentration of the residual innervation. Increase in litter size is associated with an overall increase in milk-yield up to a limit beyond which the addition of further young to the litter is without effect. It is inferred that there is a quantitative relationship between the neural stimulus of suckling and the endocrine response of the hypothalamopituitary system.

Application of Arithmetic Operations Method in Single Pair-Pole Magnetic Encoder

2011 ◽  
Vol 128-129 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Yi Fan Zeng ◽  
Rui Li
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Nonlinear Correction ◽  
Arithmetic Operations ◽  
Rotational Angle ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
Fpga Chip ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Hall Sensors

This paper proposes a novel method called arithmetic operations to analyze and process the generated voltage-signal from the single pair-pole magnetic encoder. Dual orthogonal voltage-signals are generated by two vertical hall sensors which are placed in the bottom of a columned magnet. When signals pass A/D converter, the quadrant determination, arithmetic operations and nonlinear correction in FPGA chip are performed before the values of rotational angle are displayed on the LED. This paper also designs and implements the single pair-pole magnetic encoder which has advantages such as high-speed, high-resolution and high-accuracy in the area of angle measurement.

scholarly journals Sexual agglutination inChlamydomonas eugametosis mediated by a single pair of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins

1992 ◽  
Vol 97 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinus Versluis ◽  
Frans Schuring ◽  
Frans M. Klis ◽  
Piet Egmond ◽  
Herman Ende
Keyword(s):  
Single Pair ◽  
Sexual Agglutination

Single-Pair FRET Characterization of DNA Tweezers

Nano Letters ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2814-2820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara K. Müller ◽  
Andreas Reuter ◽  
Friedrich C. Simmel ◽  
Don C. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Single Pair

Mean Diameters in Parallel-Flow and Counter-Flow Aerosol Systems

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. T. Hollands ◽  
K. C. Goel
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Parallel Flow ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Definition Of

The general concept of the mean diameter of the disperse phase of an aerosol system, first introduced by Mugele and Evans in 1951, has proven to be a very useful one. In this concept, the proper mean diameter, xp,q, is characterized by a single pair of indices, p and q, which are dependent on the actual type of aerosol system under consideration. This paper re-examines the validity of this concept of mean diameter in heat and mass transfer aerosol systems. The concept is found to be applicable only under a very narrow range of conditions. Attention is then given to a more general definition of a mean diameter, applicable to aerosol heat or mass exchangers. Analyses of these devices shows that the more general mean diameter is a function of the capacity rate ratio, R, and effectiveness of the heat exchanger, ε. Solutions to the governing equations have permitted the mean diameter to be presented graphically as a function of these variables. These solutions are given for two types of particle size distributions, the Rosin-Rammler and the log-probability, and for both parallel-flow and counter-flow heat exchangers. The solutions are, however, restricted to cases where the resistance to heat or mass transfer lies exclusively in the continuous phase.

An Experimental Method for Fast Evaluating Thermoelectric Generators Using one pair of P- and N-type Legs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Kewen Li ◽  
Yuhao Zhu ◽  
Lin Jia ◽  
Xiaoyong Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Temperature

Abstract Thermoelectric generators (TEG) are widely used in many industries. The voltage and output power of TEG chips are critical indicators to evaluate the performance of TEGs. The conventional method is to directly test the output voltage and power of the whole TEG chip that contains 127 pairs of PN (P- and N-type) legs (127-PN-TEG). However, the assembling of these PN legs is very time-consuming. In order to reduce experimental time and the consumption of TEG materials, we proposed an experimental method. We developed the test apparatus for the rapid evaluation of TEG performance using a TEG chip with a single pair of PN legs (1-PN-TEG). We made several 1-PN-TEGs and 127-PN-TEGs using the same thermoelectric material (bismuth telluride). We then measured the voltage and the power of these 1-PN-TEGs and 127-PN-TEGs, respectively. The experimental results were compared and analyzed. The comparison showed that the voltage of 127-PN-TEG is equal to the voltage of 1-PN-TEG times 127, which implies that we could use the test data of 1-PN-TEG to evaluate the performance of 127-PN-TEG. Using the experimental device developed in this paper, we also studied the effects of the PN leg area (cross-sectional area of PN legs) and the pressure applied over the TEGs on the output power of 1-PN-TEG. The experimental results showed that the power per unit area decreases with an increase in the 1-PN-TEG's PN leg area when the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides was constant. Under a specific temperature difference conditions, the open-circuit voltage and the output power will increase with the pressure applied on the TEG chips.

In situ hybridization to lampbrush chromosomes: a potential source of error exposed

1980 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
H.G. Callan ◽  
R.W. Old
Keyword(s):  
Lampbrush Chromosome ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Lampbrush Chromosomes ◽  
Triturus Cristatus ◽  
Rna Transcripts ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Source Of Error ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Do So

Denatured 3H-labelled DNAs containing Xenopus or human globin sequences hybridize to RNA transcripts on a single pair of lateral loops on lampbrush chromosome IX of Triturus cristatus carnifex, and to no other loops on this chromosome or the rest of the complement. However they do so, not because of the globin sequences in the probes, but rather because the plasmids from which the probes were prepared were constructed with G.C homopolymer tails. Simple sequence poly d(C/G)n probes also hybridize with RNA transcripts on this same pair of loops, and with no others.

Sequential silver staining and in situ hybridization reveal a direct association between rDNA levels and the expression of homologous nucleolar organizing regions: a hypothesis for NOR structure and function

1998 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1433-1439
Author(s):  
F. Zurita ◽  
R. Jimenez ◽  
M. Burgos ◽  
R.D. de la Guardia
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Silver Staining ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Ribosomal Cistrons

We have developed a procedure for sequential silver staining and in situ hybridization to analyze the relationship between the amount of rDNA present in nucleolar organizer regions, as estimated by in situ hybridization, and their level of expression, as estimated by the silver signal. For simplicity we used cells from the insectivorous mole Talpa occidentalis, which have a single pair of nucleolar organizer regions in chromosome pair 3. The relative content of ribosomal cistrons was also related to the hierarchy of activation of the nucleolar organizer regions present in this chromosomal pair. Statistical analyses demonstrated that both the relative level of expression and the activation hierarchy depended mainly on the number of ribosomal cistrons in nucleolar organizer regions. We propose a functional two-step hypothesis, which is consistent with most known data concerning interchromosomal, intercellular and interindividual variation in a number of plant and animal species, including Talpa occidentalis. In step one, the first available transcription factors bind randomly to the ribosomal promoters, such that larger nucleolar organizer regions are more likely to recruit them. In the second step the remaining transcription factors are recruited in a cooperative way, thus completing activation of one nucleolar organizer region, before the next one becomes active.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document