On the Ontological Expressiveness of the High-Level Constraint Language for Product Line Specification

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-66
Author(s):  
Angela Villota ◽  
Raúl Mazo ◽  
Camille Salinesi
Keyword(s):  
Product Line ◽  
Constraint Language ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Embracing 3D Printing

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (08) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Mike Vasquez
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Lower Material

This article reviews the challenges for companies while adopting three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. A big challenge for companies figuring out whether they need to invest in 3-D printing is the different types of printing systems available in the market. At a high level, there are seven different families of 3-D printing processes. Each of the seven technologies is differentiated by the materials used and how the materials are fused together to create three-dimensional objects. Another barrier is that most companies have not yet found it viable to put the processes in place to incorporate the change in design, engineering, and manufacturing production that is required. Not only capital funds are needed to purchase machines, but to effectively use the technology to create a sellable product, one also needs to have a targeted product line and clear vision of the ways that 3-D printing can help lower material costs, save energy, and simplify manufacturing and assembly.

scholarly journals Constraint Programming for an Efficient and Flexible Block Modeling Solver

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (09) ◽  
pp. 13685-13688
Author(s):  
Alex Lucía Mattenet ◽  
Ian Davidson ◽  
Siegfried Nijssen ◽  
Pierre Schaus
Keyword(s):  
Constraint Programming ◽  
Search Tree ◽  
Combinatorial Problems ◽  
Block Modeling ◽  
Clustering Problem ◽  
Constraint Language ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Temporal Data Analysis

Constraint Programming (CP) is a powerful paradigm for solving combinatorial problems. In CP, the user creates a model by declaring variables with their domains and expresses the constraints that need to be satisfied in any solution. The solver is then in charge of finding feasible solutions—a value in the domain of each variable that satisfies all the constraints. The discovery of solutions is done by exploring a search tree that is pruned by the constraints in charge of removing impossible values. The CP framework has the advantage of exposing a rich high-level declarative constraint language for modeling, as well as efficient purpose-specific filtering algorithms that can be reused in many problems. In this work, we harness this flexibility and efficiency for the Block Modeling problem. It is a variant of the graph clustering problem that has been used extensively in many domains including social science, spatio-temporal data analysis and even medical imaging. We present a new approach based on constraint programming, allowing discrete optimization of block modeling in a manner that is not only scalable, but also allows the easy incorporation of constraints. We introduce a new constraint filtering algorithm that outperforms earlier approaches. We show its use in the analysis of real datasets.

The Entrepreneur's Dilemma: Case of TMT Toughened Glass Pvt. Ltd.

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 225-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manu Amitabh
Keyword(s):  
Float Glass ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Toughened Glass ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Compound Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Glass Processing ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Economic Boom ◽  
High Level

TMT Toughened Glass Company is in the glass processing industry. This industry requires a high level of innovation and expertise to process glass which is a very fragile and unworkable material. Customers typically want complete and technically sound solutions to their security, structural, design and architectural needs where glass is a material of choice. Shiv Prasad, the Managing Director of TMT Toughened Glass Company Pvt. Ltd., likes to call himself a “Glass Fabricator” and has been the pioneer in finding innovative solutions to glass processing needs in India. Tempering is the core process in this. Manufacturers of float glass are the suppliers and real estate developers and builders, automobile manufacturers and industrial appliance manufacturers are its buyers. Growth in this industry has been fuelled by the economic boom in India. The industry is largely unregulated. The number of players in the industry has increased to 40 in the same period from a mere 10. While the demand in the glass processing industry is growing at a steady rate of 30%, the capacity is growing at a compound annual growth rate of almost 80%. Prasad's competence is in engineering and design innovation. The dilemma he faces is whether to carry on with his time-tested strategy of innovation led growth or follow what other industry players are doing. Prasad has the option of concentrating his resources on doing what he does best — finding innovative solutions to the glass processing needs of his customers. The central question for Prasad is how to ensure that TMT Toughened Glass outperforms others on a sustained basis. Out of several options, this case explores the option of expanding the product line to include processed glass for the passenger car segment.

scholarly journals Formalizing Parameter Constraints to Support Intelligent Geoprocessing: A SHACL-Based Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei Hou ◽  
Cheng-Zhi Qin ◽  
A-Xing Zhu ◽  
Yi-Jie Wang ◽  
Peng Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Heuristic Evaluation ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Constraint Language ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
High Level ◽  
Matching Constraints ◽  
Parameter Constraints

Intelligent geoprocessing relies heavily on formalized parameter constraints of geoprocessing tools to validate the input data and to further ensure the robustness and reliability of geoprocessing. However, existing methods developed to formalize parameter constraints are either designed based on ill-suited assumptions, which may not correctly identify the invalid parameter inputs situation, or are inefficient to use. This paper proposes a novel method to formalize the parameter constraints of geoprocessing tools, based on a high-level and standard constraint language (i.e., SHACL) and geoprocessing ontologies, under the guidance of a systematic classification of parameter constraints. An application case and a heuristic evaluation were conducted to demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness and usability of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method is not only comparatively easier and more efficient than existing methods but also covers more types of parameter constraints, for example, the application-context-matching constraints that have been ignored by existing methods.

scholarly journals F2MoC: A Preliminary Product Line DSL for Mobile Robots

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael S. Durelli ◽  
Vinicius H. S. Durelli
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Feature Model ◽  
Level Model ◽  
High Level

SPL and MDD have been drawing increased attention from the software community. In the literature it is possible to find a set of articles that apply MDD techniques to assist the development of a SPL. Objectives: To show how to create a DSL based on a feature model. Methods: A SPL and MDD techniques were used to create a DSL. Results: A DSL was developed in order to assist the development of the mobile robots. Conclusions: Advantages can be gained from using the DSL: (i) an easier instantiation of SPL members; (ii) it is possible for the engineers to focus on an high level model (i.e., features model), obviating the need of dealing with platform-specific issues; (iii) source code is generated automatically from this high level model.

scholarly journals Ontologias bibliográficas e Web Semântica: limitações e propostas de investigação

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-29
Author(s):  
Helena Simões Patrício ◽  
Maria Inês Cordeiro ◽  
Pedro Nogueira Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Constraint Language ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Reference Ontology ◽  
High Level

The literature on bibliographic data and ontologies on the Semantic Webidentifies problems, not in terms of data instances or their publicationin isolated sets, but regarding the ontologies that describe the underlying concepts, impacting on the quality of semantic interoperability and in sharing ontologies between systems.This paper elaborates on the adequacy of conceptual models and the limitations of FRBR -Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (IFLA, 1998, 2018)1to the Semantic Web; the absence of a common conceptual framework; the insufficiency of semantic mechanisms; the low and deficient reuse of external vocabularies; and the inadequacy of mapping methodologies being applied.A research project is presented proposing a solution to the semantic problems in sharing ontologies, through the creation of a conceptual reference model and a reference ontology as a high level mechanism for semantic relations and data validation using SHACL -Shapes Constraint Language (KNUBLAUCH e KONTOKOSTAS, 2017).

scholarly journals Management accounting in the supply system at processing enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
K. Alaidarkyzy ◽  
◽  
A. A. Zhantayeva ◽  
G. T. Tanabayeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Customer Control ◽  
High Level

Currently, the establishment and maintenance of management accounting is one of the priority conditions, which enables the Heads of enterprises to make timely decisions in the field of management. Directions of development, production capacity, types of produced products – all these parameters require analysis, systematization and accounting. The responsibility of all levels of administration for the efficiency of production, economic and financial activities is increasing. The authors studied the procurement process at sausage production enterprises, including the procedures for the purchase, delivery, acceptance, storage and pre-sale preparation of products. It has been determined that the following factors influence the organization of accounting system in this industry: finished products are obtained as a result of processing of primary raw materials; features of technological process depend on the type of raw materials, recipes; sausage production is distinguished by high level of mechanization and automation. The conducted studies show that management accounting does not always ensure the fulfillment of all tasks assigned to it. According to the authors, they can be supplemented with the following list: provision of information on the availability of raw material base; formation of budgets and forms of management reporting for raw materials supplied by the customer; control over compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards, quality of raw materials and finished products; providing data on product line, availability of ecological packaging. The solution of these problems contributes to the increase in the efficient and effective management; reduction of labor costs for executives and managers who make decisions on information and settlement processes.

Transcription factor/DNA interactions visualized by electron spectroscopic imaging

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
David P. Bazett-Jones ◽  
Mark L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Dna Backbone ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
High Level

A multisubunit RNA polymerase enzyme is ultimately responsible for transcription initiation and elongation of RNA, but recognition of the proper start site by the enzyme is regulated by general, temporal and gene-specific trans-factors interacting at promoter and enhancer DNA sequences. To understand the molecular mechanisms which precisely regulate the transcription initiation event, it is crucial to elucidate the structure of the transcription factor/DNA complexes involved. Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) provides the opportunity to visualize individual DNA molecules. Enhancement of DNA contrast with ESI is accomplished by imaging with electrons that have interacted with inner shell electrons of phosphorus in the DNA backbone. Phosphorus detection at this intermediately high level of resolution (≈lnm) permits selective imaging of the DNA, to determine whether the protein factors compact, bend or wrap the DNA. Simultaneously, mass analysis and phosphorus content can be measured quantitatively, using adjacent DNA or tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as mass and phosphorus standards. These two parameters provide stoichiometric information relating the ratios of protein:DNA content.

Advances in Stem Instrumentation for Biology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-363
Author(s):  
J. S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Active User ◽  
Percent Improvement ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
High Level

The forte of the Scanning transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) is high resolution imaging with high contrast on thin specimens, as demonstrated by visualization of single heavy atoms. of equal importance for biology is the efficient utilization of all available signals, permitting low dose imaging of unstained single molecules such as DNA.Our work at Brookhaven has concentrated on: 1) design and construction of instruments optimized for a narrow range of biological applications and 2) use of such instruments in a very active user/collaborator program. Therefore our program is highly interactive with a strong emphasis on producing results which are interpretable with a high level of confidence.The major challenge we face at the moment is specimen preparation. The resolution of the STEM is better than 2.5 A, but measurements of resolution vs. dose level off at a resolution of 20 A at a dose of 10 el/A2 on a well-behaved biological specimen such as TMV (tobacco mosaic virus). To track down this problem we are examining all aspects of specimen preparation: purification of biological material, deposition on the thin film substrate, washing, fast freezing and freeze drying. As we attempt to improve our equipment/technique, we use image analysis of TMV internal controls included in all STEM samples as a monitor sensitive enough to detect even a few percent improvement. For delicate specimens, carbon films can be very harsh-leading to disruption of the sample. Therefore we are developing conducting polymer films as alternative substrates, as described elsewhere in these Proceedings. For specimen preparation studies, we have identified (from our user/collaborator program ) a variety of “canary” specimens, each uniquely sensitive to one particular aspect of sample preparation, so we can attempt to separate the variables involved.

A Questionnaire Survey of Current Rehabilitation Practices for Adults With Normal Hearing Sensitivity Who Experience Auditory Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-761
Author(s):  
Tess K. Koerner ◽  
Melissa A. Papesh ◽  
Frederick J. Gallun
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Considerable Benefit ◽  
High Level

Purpose A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information from clinical audiologists about rehabilitation options for adult patients who report significant auditory difficulties despite having normal or near-normal hearing sensitivity. This work aimed to provide more information about what audiologists are currently doing in the clinic to manage auditory difficulties in this patient population and their views on the efficacy of recommended rehabilitation methods. Method A questionnaire survey containing multiple-choice and open-ended questions was developed and disseminated online. Invitations to participate were delivered via e-mail listservs and through business cards provided at annual audiology conferences. All responses were anonymous at the time of data collection. Results Responses were collected from 209 participants. The majority of participants reported seeing at least one normal-hearing patient per month who reported significant communication difficulties. However, few respondents indicated that their location had specific protocols for the treatment of these patients. Counseling was reported as the most frequent rehabilitation method, but results revealed that audiologists across various work settings are also successfully starting to fit patients with mild-gain hearing aids. Responses indicated that patient compliance with computer-based auditory training methods was regarded as low, with patients generally preferring device-based rehabilitation options. Conclusions Results from this questionnaire survey strongly suggest that audiologists frequently see normal-hearing patients who report auditory difficulties, but that few clinicians are equipped with established protocols for diagnosis and management. While many feel that mild-gain hearing aids provide considerable benefit for these patients, very little research has been conducted to date to support the use of hearing aids or other rehabilitation options for this unique patient population. This study reveals the critical need for additional research to establish evidence-based practice guidelines that will empower clinicians to provide a high level of clinical care and effective rehabilitation strategies to these patients.

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