scholarly journals Ontologias bibliográficas e Web Semântica: limitações e propostas de investigação

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-29
Author(s):  
Helena Simões Patrício ◽  
Maria Inês Cordeiro ◽  
Pedro Nogueira Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Constraint Language ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Reference Ontology ◽  
High Level

The literature on bibliographic data and ontologies on the Semantic Webidentifies problems, not in terms of data instances or their publicationin isolated sets, but regarding the ontologies that describe the underlying concepts, impacting on the quality of semantic interoperability and in sharing ontologies between systems.This paper elaborates on the adequacy of conceptual models and the limitations of FRBR -Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (IFLA, 1998, 2018)1to the Semantic Web; the absence of a common conceptual framework; the insufficiency of semantic mechanisms; the low and deficient reuse of external vocabularies; and the inadequacy of mapping methodologies being applied.A research project is presented proposing a solution to the semantic problems in sharing ontologies, through the creation of a conceptual reference model and a reference ontology as a high level mechanism for semantic relations and data validation using SHACL -Shapes Constraint Language (KNUBLAUCH e KONTOKOSTAS, 2017).

scholarly journals Where Are We Headed? RDA, BIBFRAME, and the FRBR Library Reference Model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda K Sprochi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Library Associations ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
First Time ◽  
Resource Description

Library cataloging and metadata are undergoing amajor transformation. The International Federationof Library Associations and Institution’s Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records LibraryReference Model, the ongoing development of Resource Description and Access, and the Library ofCongress’ Bibliographic Framework initiative are the three programs currently underway which will,in all probability, profoundly affect how library bibliographic data is recorded, stored, and retrieved.These initiatives will also allow library holdings, for the first time, to be visible on theWeb and discoverablefor users, and, therefore, sharable with other cultural resource communities. What will librarymetadata look like in the next century? What knowledge and skills will be needed to navigate in thisnew world? Where are we headed?

scholarly journals Representing and integrating bibliographic information into the Semantic Web: A comparison of four conceptual models

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Zapounidou ◽  
Michalis Sfakakis ◽  
Christos Papatheodorou
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Web Environment ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Bibliographic Data

Integration of library data into the Semantic Web environment is a key issue for libraries and is approached on the basis of interoperability between conceptual models. Several data models exist for the representation and publication of library data in the Semantic Web and therefore inter-domain and intra-domain interoperability issues emerge as a growing number of web data are generated. Achieving interoperability for different representations of the same or related entities between the library and other cultural heritage institutions shall enhance rich bibliographic data reusability and support the development of new data-driven information services. This paper aims to investigate common ground and convergences between four conceptual models, namely Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), FRBR Object-Oriented (FRBRoo), Bibliographic Framework (BIBFRAME) and Europeana Data Model (EDM), enabling semantically-richer interoperability by studying the representation of monographs, as well as of content relationships (derivative and equivalent bibliographic relationships) and of whole-part relationships between them.

A hierarchical typology of scholarly information units: based on a deduction-verification study

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 354-372
Author(s):  
Liangzhi Yu ◽  
Zhenjia Fan ◽  
Anyi Li
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Information Unit ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Information Professional ◽  
Operational Information ◽  
Objective View

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to lay a theoretical foundation for identifying operational information units for library and information professional activities in the context of scholarly communication. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a deduction-verification approach to formulate a typology of units for scholarly information. It first deduces possible units from an existing conceptualization of information, which defines information as the combined product of data and meaning, and then tests the usefulness of these units via two empirical investigations, one with a group of scholarly papers and the other with a sample of scholarly information users. Findings The results show that, on defining an information unit as a piece of information that is complete in both data and meaning, to such an extent that it remains meaningful to its target audience when retrieved and displayed independently in a database, it is then possible to formulate a hierarchical typology of units for scholarly information. The typology proposed in this study consists of three levels, which in turn, consists of 1, 5 and 44 units, respectively. Research limitations/implications The result of this study has theoretical implications on both the philosophical and conceptual levels: on the philosophical level, it hinges on, and reinforces the objective view of information; on the conceptual level, it challenges the conceptualization of work by IFLA’s Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and Library Reference Model but endorses that by Library of Congress’s BIBFRAME 2.0 model. Practical implications It calls for reconsideration of existing operational units in a variety of library and information activities. Originality/value The study strengthens the conceptual foundation of operational information units and brings to light the primacy of “one work” as an information unit and the possibility for it to be supplemented by smaller units.

scholarly journals An Approach for Integrating the Prioritization of Functional and Nonfunctional Requirements

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Dabbagh ◽  
Sai Peck Lee
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Method ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Requirements Prioritization ◽  
Nonfunctional Requirements ◽  
Prioritization Process ◽  
High Level ◽  
Empirical Experiment ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Due to the budgetary deadlines and time to market constraints, it is essential to prioritize software requirements. The outcome of requirements prioritization is an ordering of requirements which need to be considered first during the software development process. To achieve a high quality software system, both functional and nonfunctional requirements must be taken into consideration during the prioritization process. Although several requirements prioritization methods have been proposed so far, no particular method or approach is presented to consider both functional and nonfunctional requirements during the prioritization stage. In this paper, we propose an approach which aims to integrate the process of prioritizing functional and nonfunctional requirements. The outcome of applying the proposed approach produces two separate prioritized lists of functional and non-functional requirements. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been evaluated through an empirical experiment aimed at comparing the approach with the two state-of-the-art-based approaches, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and hybrid assessment method (HAM). Results show that our proposed approach outperforms AHP and HAM in terms of actual time-consumption while preserving the quality of the results obtained by our proposed approach at a high level of agreement in comparison with the results produced by the other two approaches.

scholarly journals Comparison of Key Entities Within Bibliographic Conceptual Models and Implementations: Definitions, Evolution, and Relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Michele Seikel ◽  
Thomas Steele
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Bibliographic Record ◽  
Entity Relationship Model ◽  
Library Associations ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Entity Relationship

With the introduction of FRBR (Functional Requirements of a Bibliographic Record) in 1998, IFLA (the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutes) introduced a new conceptual entity relationship model. FRBR was soon followed by FRAD (Functional Requirements of Authority Data) and FRSAD (Functional Requirements of Subject Authority Data). With LRM (IFLA Library Reference Model) and two descriptive standards, the RDA Toolkit and BIBFRAME to follow, it helps catalogers to have a greater understanding of the entity relationship models they use for bibliographic description. The authors compare the models and descriptive standards. Differences among the entities, their definitions, and properties are examined and analyzed.

scholarly journals Resource Description and Access Adoption and Implementation in Public Libraries in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman S. Panchyshyn ◽  
Frank P. Lambert ◽  
Sevim McCutcheon
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Public Library ◽  
The United States ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Descriptive Standard ◽  
Resource Description

This study surveyed the current state of knowledge about, and application or use of, Resource Description and Access (RDA) among American public library catalogers. In 2017, an online survey request was e-mailed to four thousand libraries for the person or persons most responsible for cataloging to complete the questionnaire. More than three hundred libraries responded. The data expose serious concerns with RDA adoption within the public library sector. While a majority of catalogers know about RDA, their working knowledge about it differs substantially depending on whether they work in rural or urban library settings. Regardless, 22 percent of respondants still had not heard of the RDA standard until completing this survey. While further training and educational opportunities (along with funds) for catalogers nationwide would help minimize this disparity, LIS schools also can play a role by educating more thoroughly the next generations of catalogers in this newer descriptive standard. Coming on the brink of a shift in the theoretical framework of the RDA standard, from the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) model to the IFLA Library Reference Model (LRM), public library catalogers risk falling even farther behind in their knowledge and compitency with the RDA standard.

scholarly journals Methodologies for Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning Application Design

2012 ◽  
pp. 168-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Schultz ◽  
Robert Amor ◽  
Hans W. Guesgen
Keyword(s):  
Design Patterns ◽  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Coverage Analysis ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Level ◽  
Application Design

Although a wide range of sophisticated Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning (QSTR) formalisms have now been developed, there are relatively few applications that apply these commonsense methods. To address this problem, the authors of this chapter developed methodologies that support QSTR application design. They established a theoretical foundation for QSTR applications that includes the roles of application designers and users. The authors adapted formal software requirements that allow a designer to specify the customer’s operational requirements and the functional requirements of a QSTR application. The chapter presents design patterns for organising the components of QSTR applications, and a methodology for defining high-level neighbourhoods that are derived from the system structure. Finally, the authors develop a methodology for QSTR application validation by defining a complexity metric called H-complexity that is used in test coverage analysis for assessing the quality of unit and integration test sets.

Multi-entity models of resource description in the Semantic Web

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Baker ◽  
Karen Coyle ◽  
Sean Petiya
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Data Consistency ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The 1998 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) document “Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records” (FRBR) has inspired a family of models that view bibliographic resources in terms of multiple entities differentiated with regard to meaning, expression, and physicality. The purpose of this paper is to compare how three FRBR and FRBR-like models have been expressed as Semantic Web vocabularies based on Resource Description Framework (RDF). The paper focusses on IFLA’s own vocabulary for FRBR; RDF vocabularies for Resource Description and Access (RDA), an emergent FRBR-based standard for library cataloging; and BIBFRAME, an emergent FRBR-like, native-RDF standard for bibliographic data. Design/methodology/approach – Simple test records using the RDF vocabularies were analyzed using software that supports inferencing. Findings – In some cases, what the data actually means appears to differ from what the vocabulary developers presumably intended to mean. Data based on the FRBR vocabulary appears particularly difficult to integrate with data based on different models. Practical implications – Some of the RDF vocabularies reviewed in the paper could usefully be simplified, enabling libraries to integrate their data more easily into the wider information ecosystem on the Web. Requirements for data consistency and quality control could be met by emergent standards of the World Wide Web Consortium for validating RDF data according to integrity constraints. Originality/value – There are few such comparisons of the RDF expressions of these models, which are widely assumed to represent the future of library cataloging.

Access to translated fiction in Canadian public libraries

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Dali ◽  
Lana Alsabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Reference Librarians ◽  
Bibliographic Data

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the quality of access to translated fiction published between 2007 and 2011 in six large Canadian public libraries, answering the question about what public libraries can do to help acquaint their readers with international translated fiction. Design/methodology/approach – The article uses the method of bibliographic data analysis based on 2,100 catalog records. Findings – As the results demonstrate, enhanced bibliographic catalog records deliver a wealth of information about translated fiction titles and facilitate meaningful subject access to their contents. At the same time, promotional activities related to translated fiction have room for improvement. Practical implications – Despite the fact that the study focuses on public libraries, its findings will be of interest not only to public but also academic librarians, any librarian tasked with the selection and acquisition of translated fiction, reference and readers’ advisory librarians in any type of library, Library and Information Science students and anyone interested in access to translated fiction. Originality/value – While many recent studies have turned their attention to enhanced catalog records and their role in access, discovery and collection promotion, there are no studies dealing with translated fiction specifically. The article also contributes to seeing an in-depth understanding of bibliographic records and cataloging as part and parcel of reference librarians’ knowledge and skill set, which improves retrieval practices and access provision.

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