An Improved Mathematical Model for the Autonomic Regulation of Cardiovascular System

2018 ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Yingfei Sun ◽  
Zhipei Huang ◽  
Yu Meng ◽  
Jiankang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Autonomic Regulation

Acute Effect of Insulin on Autonomic Regulation of the Cardiovascular System: A Study by Heart Rate Spectral Analysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 709-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bellavere ◽  
V. Cacciatori ◽  
P. Moghetti ◽  
M.L. Gemma ◽  
A. Dellera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
System A

Modelling of autonomic regulation in cardiovascular system based on baroreflex mechanism and overwhelming controller

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Sharma ◽  
Tarun Kumar Bera
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

The control of cardiovascular system by autonomic nervous system using model-based analysis is very useful to predict blood flow and blood pressure at different locations of human body. The regulation of cardiovascular system by autonomic nervous system is a very complex mechanism, so, an experimental-based model analysis may prove very helpful in studying and analysing its working properly. In this article, a very basic model of cardiovascular system is presented with blood pressure dynamics studied throughout the body. A new bond graph model of the autonomic nervous system embedded with baroreflex system is also presented. Autonomic regulation of ventricular contractility is represented by means of transfer functions. The results in terms of maximum ventricular elastance ([Formula: see text]) and end systolic pressure are shown for two experiments. Another alternative modelling approach to represent the function of nervous system action in blood pressure regulation in terms of an overwhelming controller has been proposed. This controller overwhelms the system properties and therefore helps in managing the unmodelled parts or properties of a system and makes it impeccable for controlling complex systems. All the results and simulations are obtained using Symbols Shakti® software (Bond graph software).

scholarly journals Effect of abrupt preload reduction on left atrial and ventricular pressures in a multi-scale mathematical model of the cardiovascular system

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P3253-P3253
Author(s):  
A. Pironet ◽  
P. C. Dauby ◽  
S. Kosta ◽  
S. Paeme ◽  
J. G. Chase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Preload Reduction

scholarly journals Indicators of autonomic regulation of cardiovascular system subject in the acute phase of ischemic stroke with a favorable outcome

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3(2)) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
K. Ye. Kolokoltsev ◽  
N. V. Nazarenko ◽  
V. M. Kutkin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Autonomic Tone

A new method of forecasting the outcome of ischemic stroke in the acute period, based on dynamic monitoring of new indicators of autonomic regulation of cardiovascular system — VIB (vegetative indicator of blood circulation), BSB (background systolic blood pressure), IDD (index of diastolic pressure). VIB allows to quantitatively assess the state of autonomic tone of the cardiovascular system, and to evaluate its dynamics, comparing with the physiological state of the patient. BSB — background systolic blood pressure, a quantitative method of assessing the standard systolic (pressor) load. IDD — an index of diastolic pressure — a way to assess the proportionality of hemodynamics. A retrospective analysis of 131 case histories of patients with ischemic stroke favorable outcome. The expression of VIB on admission and the normalization rate with the seriousness of the disease.

scholarly journals Total Effective Vascular Compliance of a Global Mathematical Model for the Cardiovascular System

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1858
Author(s):  
Morena Celant ◽  
Eleuterio F. Toro ◽  
Lucas O. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Infusion Test ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Hyperbolic Pde ◽  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Arteries And Veins ◽  
Effective Vascular Compliance

In this work, we determined the total effective vascular compliance of a global closed-loop model for the cardiovascular system by performing an infusion test of 500 mL of blood in four minutes. Our mathematical model includes a network of arteries and veins where blood flow is described by means of a one-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic PDE system and zero-dimensional models for other cardiovascular compartments. Some mathematical modifications were introduced to better capture the physiology of the infusion test: (1) a physiological distribution of vascular compliance and total blood volume was implemented, (2) a nonlinear representation of venous resistances and compliances was introduced, and (3) main regulatory mechanisms triggered by the infusion test where incorporated into the model. By means of presented in silico experiment, we show that effective total vascular compliance is the result of the interaction between the assigned constant physical vascular compliance and the capacity of the cardiovascular system to adapt to new situations via regulatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals The State of the Cardiovascular System of Qualified Table Tennis Athletes at the Stage of Competitive Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
Ulizko V. M. ◽  
◽  
V. R. Kryzhanivsky ◽  
T. M. Zakharkevich ◽  
I. L. Belyavsky
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
The State ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Frequency Component

The condition of the cardiovascular system is one of the important criteria for assessing the impact of sports training on the human body. According to the indicators characterizing the state of the cardiovascular system, it is possible to trace the changes associated with fluctuations in the level of training, as well as to identify signs of overload as early as possible. The study of adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system in athletes under physical activity is an important indicator for sports practice. The purpose of the study was to investigate the quantitative criteria for assessing the state of the cardiovascular system and approaches to correct the functional state of qualified athletes specializing in table tennis. Materials and methods. Studies of heart rate variability, quantitative and qualitative indicators that sufficiently reflect the autonomic functions of the body were used in order to assess the state of autonomic regulation in highly qualified athletes. Systematic physical activity causes a significant restructuring of the cardiovascular system and leads to morphofunctional changes in the mechanisms of the heart. Depending on the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, there are different ways of myocardial adaptation processes. The balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic links of autonomic rhythm regulation is reflected in the activation of the left ventricle. Results and discussion. Adaptive changes of the cardiovascular system to competitive and training loads in the competitive period in qualified athletes are characterized by a significant decrease in heart rate (from 84.75±1.74 beats / min to 74.8±0.38 beats / min). In addition, a significantly faster process of restoring heart rate was established after exercise in the group of qualified athletes, compared with athletes of the category 1 at 4 (p >0.05) and 5 (p >0.05) minutes, respectively. According to the indicators of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, activation of the parasympathetic link prevails in athletes of the category 1 in comparison with qualified athletes activation (according to high-frequency component, p <0.05). Significantly higher rates of individual parts of the body compared to low-skilled athletes were found out: the hormonal system (the indicator responsible for the hormonal part of the body – very low-frequency component) and the nervous system (indicators of the sympathetic nervous system – low frequency component). There are significantly higher values of the magnitude of the heart rate spectrum and high-frequency component at p <0.05, which indicates a higher power of all units of the parasympathetic regulation in the category 1 in relation to masters of sports and candidates masters of sports. Conclusion. Systematic physical activity causes a significant restructuring of the cardiovascular system and leads to morphofunctional changes in the mechanisms of the heart. Depending on the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, there are different ways of myocardial adaptation processes. The balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic links of autonomic rhythm regulation is reflected in the activation of the left ventricle. The analysis showed that the spectral characteristics of heart rate variability significantly differ between groups of athletes with different dominance that are observed only in terms of high-frequency component, which in turn led to a change in the sympathetic-vagal balance

scholarly journals STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF THE CONTOURS OF AUTONOMIC CONTROL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM DURING THE FUNCTIONAL TEST WITH BREATHING OF VARIABLE FREQUENCY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
EI I Borovkova ◽  
EA A Manafova ◽  
AA A Zazulya ◽  
AS S Karavaev ◽  
AR R Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Functional Test ◽  
Variable Frequency

Aim - the study of characteristics of the interaction between the contours of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods. We studied the recordings of electrocardiograms and photoplethysmograms of 25 healthy subjects taken during the functional test with chirp breathing. Synchronization of the regulation contours was studied using the previously proposed approaches. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out. Results. We have studied the rhythms with a frequency of about 0.1 Hz. It was revealed that these rhythms are synchronized under the influence of breath. We calculated the duration of the synchronization intervals. Conclusion. The results support the hypothesis for autonomy and functional independence of the studied regulation contours.

Simulation Study of the Interaction between Respiration and the Cardiovascular System

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 261-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Bai ◽  
Hongli Lu ◽  
Jupeng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal ◽  
Physiological Systems

Abstract.Many studies have been done on the respiratory and the cardiovascular system. Among them, only a few are on the interaction of these two physiologic systems. To explore the mechanism of the integration of these two physiological systems, computer simulation has been done; we report the preliminary results obtained in our laboratory. In this study, a mathematical model of the cardiovascular system integrated with the respiratory mechanical system has been established. The model is based on our previous work on cardiovascular modeling. The previous lumped lungi model has been replaced by a multielement model with more detail. Inter- thoracic and abdominal pressures are modeled as external pressure sources on the related cardiovascular elements. Using this model, a sequence of simulation studies have been carried out. Different respiratory modes have been simulated and the different effects are observed in the simulation results. The results indicate that by following a certain respiratory pattern, the circulation status can be improved. These results agree with clinical observations.Keywords: Mathematical Model, Respiration Mode, Cardiovascular System, Computer Simulation, Interaction

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