A Participatory Process: Creating Child Friendly Environments

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
E. Ümran Topcu ◽  
Sebnem Cana Kacar
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Process ◽  
Child Friendly

Moving Forward Four Words at a Time: Effects of a Supplemental Preschool Vocabulary Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey A. Peters-Sanders ◽  
Elizabeth S. Kelley ◽  
Christa Haring Biel ◽  
Keri Madsen ◽  
Xigrid Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Intervention ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Single Case Design ◽  
Vocabulary Intervention ◽  
Iterative Development ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Interactive Lessons ◽  
Case Design

Purpose This study evaluated the effects of an automated, small-group intervention designed to teach preschoolers challenging vocabulary words. Previous studies have provided evidence of efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the program after doubling the number of words taught from 2 to 4 words per book. Method Seventeen preschool children listened to 1 prerecorded book per week for 9 weeks. Each storybook had embedded, interactive lessons for 4 target vocabulary words. Each lesson provided repeated exposures to words and their definitions, child-friendly contexts, and multiple opportunities for children to respond verbally to instructional prompts. Participants were asked to define the weekly targeted vocabulary before and after intervention. A repeated acquisition single-case design was used to examine the effects of the books and embedded lessons on learning of target vocabulary words. Results Treatment effects were observed for all children across many of the books. Learning of at least 2 points (i.e., 1 word) was replicated for 74.5% of 149 books tested across the 17 participants. On average, children learned to define 47% of the target vocabulary words (17 out of 36). Conclusions Results support including 4 challenging words per book, as children learned substantially more words when 4 words were taught, in comparison to previous studies. Within an iterative development process, results of the current study take us 1 step closer to creating an optimal vocabulary intervention that supports the language development of at-risk children.

Children selectively favor leaders and prosocial agents in an economic exchange

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Margoni ◽  
Elena Nava ◽  
Luca Surian
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Indirect Reciprocity ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Neutral Agent

Most cooperative interactions involve the expectation of mutual reciprocation and are based on interpersonal trust. Thus, understanding when and how humans acquire interpersonal trust can help unveiling the origins and development of children’s cooperative behavior. Here, we investigated whether prior socio-moral information about trading partners modulates the choice of preschool- (4-5 years) and school-age children (7-8 years) to share their own goods in a child-friendly version of the Trust Game. In this game, the trustee partner can repay the child’s initial investment or keep everything and betray the trustor. In two studies, we addressed whether trust is modulated by trustees exhibiting prosocial versus antisocial behaviors (Study 1, ‘helpers and hinderers’), or respect-based versus fear-based power (Study 2, ‘leaders and bullies’). Preschoolers trusted the leader more than the bully, and trusted the hinderer less than a neutral agent, but did not yet trust the helper more than the hinderer. The tendency to trust helpers more than hinderers increased with age as a result of the increased propensity to trust the prosocial agent. In Study 3, a group of preschoolers played the Dictator Game, a measure of pure generosity, with the same agents used for Study 1. Sharing rates were reliably lower than in Study 1, suggesting that the rates of investment in the trust game cannot be due solely to altruistic or indirect reciprocity motives. Overall, these findings indicate that, by age five, children understand complex cooperative exchanges and start relying on socio-moral information when deciding whom to trust.

Issues Impacting Therapeutic Outcomes in Pediatric Patients: An Overview

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atin Kalra ◽  
Shishu Goindi
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Child Friendly

The quest for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes in pediatric patients has evaded the healthcare professionals for long and often lack of child specific dosage forms and the associated events that follow with it have been considered to be major contributor towards suboptimal outcomes. Consequently, there have been sustained efforts over the years to address this issue with the enactment of legislations like Best Pharmaceutical for Children Act (BPCA), Pediatric Research Equity Act (PREA) and Pediatric Regulation by European Union (EU) to incentivise the participation of pharmaceutical industry towards development of child friendly dosage forms. Initiatives taken in past by organisations like World Health Organisation (WHO) and Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi) to spur the development of child friendly dosage forms has helped to address issues pertaining to management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and malaria in pediatric patients. Present efforts aimed at developing child friendly dosage forms include oro-dispersible platforms including thin films and mini-tablets. Despite these leaps and advancements in developing better dosage forms for children, lower therapeutic outcomes in pediatric patients continue to remain an unresolved issue because of detrimental effects of additional factors such as parents understanding of label instructions and complexities involved in executing pediatric clinical studies thus requiring a concerted effort from pharmaceutical companies, academic researchers, parents and healthcare providers to work for better treatment outcomes in children.

Implementasi Anti Bullying Dalam Membentuk Sekolah Ramah Anak di SD dan MI Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizal Rezza Fahlefi ◽  
Atok Miftachul Hudha
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
School Model ◽  
Bullying Programs ◽  
Education Process ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Abstract: Basis for the implementation of Child-Friendly Schools regarding Article 4 of Law No.23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. Schools designate as implementing agents in the education process who must have a friendly culture in carrying out their functions to achieve the goals of education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of anti-bullying in preparing the SRA, the participation of stakeholders, and the challenges in the process of implementing anti-bullying in the making of Child-Friendly Schools in SD and MI Tanah Bumbu Regency. This research uses descriptive qualitative. With data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation of participation, and study documentation. The results of this study indicate that: 1) this child-friendly school model is to create quality education for every child with children's rights and is also free from the conversation, friendly school programs namely anti-bullying is one way to tackle and correct problems or help bullying in school; 2) educators and parents need to be good listeners and ensure they participate in anti-bullying programs. 3) the problem of bullying for this program is not run once but to be maintained forever. It is needed from the two schools to provide training and workshops for teachers, parents, and students. Furthermore, for the relevant agencies to add an anti-bullying curriculum so that all parties know about the apprenticeship, consider, there is also a place for an anti-bullying association.Keywords: Anti-bullying, Child Friendly Schools, BullyingAbstrak: Dasar penerapan Sekolah Ramah Anak yaitu terdapat pada Pasal 4 UU No.23 Tahun 2002 tentang perlindungan anak. Sekolah berperan sebagai agen pelaksana dalam proses pendidikan yang harus memiliki budaya ramah dalam menjalankan fungsinya untuk mencapai tujuan Pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi anti bullying dalam membentuk SRA, peran serta stakeholder, dan faktor yang menjadi permasalahan dalam proses implementasi anti bullying dalam membentuk Sekolah Ramah Anak di SD dan MI Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Dengan Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi patisipasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) sekolah ramah anak model tersebut untuk mewujudkan pendidikan yang berkualitas bagi setiap anak dengan mempertimbangkan hak-hak anak serta terbebas dari diskriminasi, program sekolah ramah yaitu anti bullying salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi dan pencegahan perilaku atau dampak bullying di sekolah; 2) Sangat penting bagi pendidik dan orang tua menjadi pendengar yang baik serta meyakinkan dan melibatkan mereka ikut serta dalam program anti bullying. 3) permasalah bullying jarang dapat diketahui apabila kasus bullying terjadi baru ditangani dengan cepat. Untuk program ini tidak sewaktu saja dijalankan tetapi untuk dipetahankan selamanya. Perlu dari pihak kedua sekolah untuk lebih memberikan pelatihan dan workshop baik itu kepada guru, orang tua, maupun siswanya. Selanjutnya untuk pihak dinas terkait agar menambahkan kurikulum anti bullying agar semua halayak tahu tentang penagangan, dampaknya, juga tersedia tempat untuk atau wadah perkumpulan anti bullying.Kata Kunci: Anti bullying, Sekolah Ramah Anak, Bullying

Children with Disabilities: Achievements, Prospects, and Challenges Ahead

2020 ◽  
pp. 593-613
Author(s):  
Maya Sabatello ◽  
Mary Frances Layden
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
The World ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Successes And Challenges

Children with disabilities are among the most vulnerable groups in the world—and a children’s rights approach is key for reversing historical wrongs and for promoting an inclusive future. To establish this argument, this chapter explores the state of affairs and legal protections for upholding the rights of children with disabilities. It critically examines major developments in the international framework that pertain to the rights of children with disabilities, and it considers some of the prime achievements—and challenges—that arise in the implementation of a child-friendly disability rights agenda. The chapter then zooms in on two particularly salient issues for children with disabilities, namely, inclusive education and deinstitutionalization, and highlights the successes and challenges ahead. The final section provides some concluding thoughts about the present and the prospect of upholding the human rights of children with disabilities.

scholarly journals Sustainability Assessment of Public Transport, Part I—A Multi-Criteria Assessment Method to Compare Different Bus Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Jonas Ammenberg ◽  
Sofia Dahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
County Level ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Problem Context ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainability Performance ◽  
Sustainability Assessments

This article departs from the perspective of Swedish regional transport authorities and focuses on the public procurement of bus transports. Many of these public organizations on the county level have the ambition to contribute to a transition involving the continued marginalization of fossil fuels and improved sustainability performance. However, there are several renewable bus technologies to choose between and it can be difficult to know what alternative (or combination) is preferable. Prior research and the authors’ experiences indicate a need for improved knowledge and supportive methods on how sustainability assessments can support public procurement processes. The purpose of this article is to develop a multi-criteria assessment (MCA) method to support assessments of public bus technologies’ sustainability. The method, which was established in an iterative and participatory process, consists of four key areas and 12 indicators. The article introduces the problem context and reviews selected prior research of relevance dealing with green or sustainable public procurement and sustainability assessments. Further on, the process and MCA method are presented and discussed based on advice for effective and efficient sustainability assessments. In the companion article (Part II), the MCA method is applied to assess several bus technologies involving biodiesel, biomethane, diesel, electricity, ethanol and natural gas.

Is This Advertisement Child Friendly?

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-515
Author(s):  
Aritra Guha ◽  
Sanjukta Saha ◽  
Rakesh Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Child Friendly

scholarly journals Credit Risk Management of Property Investments through Multi-Criteria Indicators

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Marco Locurcio ◽  
Francesco Tajani ◽  
Pierluigi Morano ◽  
Debora Anelli ◽  
Benedetto Manganelli
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Basel Iii ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Regulatory Capital ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Financial Variables ◽  
Synthetic Index

The economic crisis of 2008 has highlighted the ineffectiveness of the banks in their disbursement of mortgages which caused the spread of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) with underlying real estate. With the methods stated by the Basel III agreements, aimed at improving the capital requirements of banks and determining an adequate regulatory capital, the banks without the skills required have difficulties in applying the rigid weighting coefficients structures. The aim of the work is to identify a synthetic risk index through the participatory process, in order to support the restructuring debt operations to benefit smaller banks and small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), by analyzing the real estate credit risk. The proposed synthetic risk index aims at overcoming the complexity of Basel III methodologies through the implementation of three different multi-criteria techniques. In particular, the integration of objective financial variables with subjective expert judgments into a participatory process is not that common in the reference literature and brings its benefits for reaching more approved and shared results in the debt restructuring operations procedure. Moreover, the main findings derived by the application to a real case study have demonstrated how important it is for the credit manager to have an adequate synthetic index that could lead to the avoidance of risky scenarios where several modalities to repair the credit debt occur.

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