Heavy Precipitation Systems in the Mediterranean Area: The Role of GPM

2020 ◽  
pp. 819-841
Author(s):  
Giulia Panegrossi ◽  
Anna Cinzia Marra ◽  
Paolo Sanò ◽  
Luca Baldini ◽  
Daniele Casella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Role of desert aerosol in metal fluxes in the Mediterranean area

Chemosphere ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Guerzoni ◽  
E. Molinaroli ◽  
P. Rossini ◽  
G. Rampazzo ◽  
G. Quarantotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Performance of multi-model AEMET-SREPS precipitation probabilistic forecasts over Mediterranean area

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Callado ◽  
C. Santos ◽  
P. Escribà ◽  
D. Santos-Muñoz ◽  
J. Simarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Ensemble Prediction ◽  
Ensemble Prediction System ◽  
Probabilistic Forecasts ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Convective Organization

Abstract. Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET) runs a daily experimental multi-model Short-Range Ensemble Prediction System (AEMET-SREPS). The role of the system horizontal resolution (0.25 degrees) on the performance of 24-h precipitation probabilistic forecasts, and its relation with mesoscale events, are assessed comparing the performance over the Mediterranean area and over an European Atlantic area. Gridded high resolution rain observations and standard verification measures have been used at different precipitation thresholds, while studying the dependency on seasons for a one year period (May 2007 to June 2008). As a general result, performance over the Mediterranean area is higher than over the Atlantic one, albeit some relative loss of skill is found in autumn, when mesoscale convective organization is assumed to play a more important role. So it is suggested that AEMET-SREPS system precipitation predictability over the Mediterranean in autumn could be expected to improve if the horizontal and vertical resolution is increased in order to take into account the effect of meso-beta scale, especially important for convective organization.

scholarly journals A peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.) in Ancient and Early Byzantine Medicine According to Selected Sources (1st – 7th c. AD.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Jagusiak ◽  
Maciej Kokoszko
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Persian Empire ◽  
Pliny The Elder ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Early Byzantine

The peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) is a tree native to the region known today as Northwest China, where its fruits were known around 2000 BC. Inhabitants of the Mediterranean Area came into contact with the peach probably between the 6th and 4th century BC thanks to the contacts with Persian Empire. In the western part of the Mediterranean Region the peach appeared later (ca. 1st c. AD). In the period under study there were many varieties of the peach, and they were eaten in many different ways – e.g. raw, dried, boiled etc. They could be consumed without any other ingredients, or as an element of more complicated dishes. Ancient and early Byzantine authors, who wrote their treatises between the 1st and 7th c. AD, and dealt with medicine (Dioscorides, Pliny the Elder, Galen, Oribasius, Aetius of Amida, Paul of Aegina, Athimus and others), described dietetic properties of a peach with details. Moreover, they left some information about a medical use of this fruit. This aspect of their works is an element of a wider and well-known phenomenon, i.e. an important role of all groups of aliments in the ancient art of healing.

Seasonal assessments of future precipitation extremes in the Mediterranean area considering nonstationarities in predictor-predictand relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-42
Author(s):  
C Merkenschlager ◽  
E Hertig
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Censored Quantile Regression ◽  
The Mediterranean

Within the context of analyzing daily heavy precipitation events in the Mediterranean under enhanced greenhouse gas forcing in the 21st century, a new method considering non-stationarities in the relationships of large-scale circulation predictors and regional precipitation extremes was applied. The Mediterranean area was split into up to 22 precipitation regions, and analyses were performed separately for 3 different seasons (autumn, winter and spring) and 3 different quantiles (90th, 95th and 99th). Estimations are based on a three-step censored quantile regression. Future estimations are performed by means of 3 model runs of the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model with Low Resolution (MPI-ESM-LR) for representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. Overall, the Mediterranean is mainly characterized by decreasing quantile values. Especially in the regions in the southeast, declines are significant, with up to 71.7% (-1.65 mm) in the Levante region (autumn) and over 16 mm (-38.2%) on Crete (winter). Increased precipitation quantiles were only assessed for a more or less extended region in the northern parts of the Central Mediterranean (winter and spring), for the northeastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula (autumn) and for northern Spain (spring). Overall, analyses showed that non-stationarities seriously affect precipitation behavior in most parts of the Mediterranean. Results indicated that 2 different regimes (western and eastern) inducing non-stationarities are predominant in the Mediterranean area. In autumn (winter), the western (eastern) regime is limited to the Iberian Peninsula (Levante), whereas in spring, the area of influence of both regimes is of equal size.

scholarly journals Towards the advancement of the Mediterranean food cultures

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1a) ◽  
pp. 103-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Dernini
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Dialogue ◽  
Food Cultures ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractThe Forum on Mediterranean Food Cultures has the purpose to foster an interdisciplinary dialogue to acknowledge the underestimated role of the Mediterranean diet and of the Mediterranean food cultures for an effective sustainable development in the Mediterranean. It is addressed towards the achievement of food security and a broader nutritional well-being in the entire Mediterranean area. The Forum uses a creative approach for the development of community-based programmes to manage the emerging trend of childhood overweight and obesity, as well as to reduce the increasing erosion of the Mediterranean food cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Fungal Diversity in the Mediterranean Area

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Venturella
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Mediterranean Habitat ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Special Issue entitled “Fungal Diversity in the Mediterranean Area” aimed at highlighting the role of various organisms in the Mediterranean habitat. The role of fungi at the root and phyllosphere level; the biodiversity in small island territories and the sea; rare forms of fungi never previously found; the commercial, food, and therapeutic value of some ascomycetes and basidiomycetes; the diversity related to fungi associated with galls on plants; and the important role of culture collection for the ex situ conservation of fungal biodiversity are the topics dealt with in this Special Issue.

scholarly journals The Role of Lipid Transfer Proteins as Food and Pollen Allergens Outside the Mediterranean Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Scheurer ◽  
Ronald van Ree ◽  
Stefan Vieths
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Lipid Transfer ◽  
Pollen Allergens ◽  
Lipid Transfer Proteins ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Specific Lipid ◽  
Pru P 3

Abstract Purpose of Review To provide an overview of the prevalence and clinical manifestation of non-specific lipid transfer proteins (LTP)-mediated allergies outside the Mediterranean area and to address potential reasons for the different geographical significance of LTP-driven allergies. Recent Findings LTPs are major allergens in the Mediterranean area, which frequently can elicit severe reactions. Pru p 3 the LTP from peach is reported as genuine allergen and is considered a prototypic marker for LTP-mediated allergies. However, both food and pollen LTP allergies exist outside the Mediterranean area, but with lower clinical significance, different immunogenicity, and less clarified role. Summary Evidence has been reported that in areas with high exposure to pollen, in particular to mugwort, pollen-derived LTPs can act as a primary sensitizer to trigger secondary food allergies. Co-sensitization to unrelated allergens might be causative for less severe reactions in response to LTPs. However, the reason for the geographical different sensitization patterns to LTPs remains unclear.

scholarly journals The sequence of heavy precipitation and flash flooding of 12 and 13 September 2019 in eastern Spain. Part I: Mesoscale diagnostic and sensitivity analysis of precipitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Hermoso ◽  
Victor Homar ◽  
Arnau Amengual
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Latent Heat Flux ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Flash Flooding ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractThe Mediterranean region is frequently affected by heavy precipitation episodes and subsequent flash flooding. An exemplary case is the heavy precipitation episode that occurred in the regions of València, Murcia, and Almería (eastern Spain) on 12 and 13 September 2019. Observed rainfall amounts were close to 500 mm in 48 h, causing seven fatalities and estimated economical losses above 425 million EUR. This case exemplifies the challenging aspects of convective-scale forecasting in the Mediterranean region, with kilometer-resolution meteorological fields required over long forecast spans. Understanding the key mesoscale factors acting on the triggering, location, and intensity of the convective systems responsible for extreme accumulations is essential to gain insight into these episodes and contribute towards their accurate hydrometeorological forecasting. Mesoscale diagnosis suggests that local and distant orography, together with air-sea fluxes, were instrumental in developing convection and intensifying precipitation rate. Sensitivity experiments confirm the role of orography in organizing the cyclonic flow over the southeast part of the western Mediterranean, and also acting as a convection triggering mechanism. Furthermore, results highlight the role of latent heat flux from the Mediterranean Sea in enhancing convective instability at lower levels and moistening the environment. These moist feeding flows substantially contribute to increasing precipitation rates. Such high sensitivity to environmental moisture distribution naturally propagates to the sea surface temperature which, by means of sensible and latent heat flux exchanges, dominated the evolution of convective activity for the 12-13 September 2019 episode.

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