Metabolic Stress and Immunity: Nutrient-Sensing Kinases and Tryptophan Metabolism

2021 ◽  
pp. 395-405
Author(s):  
Johanna M. Gostner ◽  
Dietmar Fuchs ◽  
Katharina Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Tryptophan Metabolism

scholarly journals Nutrient sensing and metabolic stress pathways in innate immunity

2013 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Tsalikis ◽  
David O. Croitoru ◽  
Dana J. Philpott ◽  
Stephen E. Girardin
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Nutrient Sensing

scholarly journals Metaflammation, NLRP3 Inflammasome Obesity and Metabolic Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Anna Meiliana ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Wide Range

BACKGROUND: Increasing prevalence of obesity gives rise to many problems associated with multiple morbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, sleep apnea and cancer. The mechanism of obesity is very complex, thus its link to various disease is poorly understood. This review highlights important concepts in our understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and related complications.CONTENT: Many studies have tried to explore the exciting and puzzling links between metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory responses. A form of subclinical, low-grade systemic inflammation is known to be associated with both obesity and chronic disease. This, later called as "metaflammation", refers to metabolically triggered inflammation. The nutrient-sensing pathway and the immune response coordination are facilitated by these molecular sites in order to maintain homeostasis under diverse metabolic and immune conditions. Recent studies have found that the NLRP3 inflammasome during metabolic stress forms a tie linking TXNIP, oxidative stress, and IL-1β production. This provides new opportunities for research and therapy for the disease often described as the next global pandemic: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).SUMMARY: The crucial role of metaflammation in many complications of obesity shown by the unexpected overlap between inflammatory and metabolic sensors and their downstream tissue responses. Then great interest arose to explore the pathways that integrate nutrient and pathogen sensing, give more understanding in the mechanisms of insulin resistance type 2 diabetes, and other chronic metabolic pathologies. A family of intracellular sensors called NLR family is a critical component of the innate immune system. They can form multiprotein complexes, called inflammasome which is capable of responding to a wide range of stimuli including both microbial and self molecules by activating the cysteine protease caspase-1, leading to processing and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, which play crucial roles in host defense. Inflammasome dysregulation has been linked to some autoinflammatory and metabolic diseases. These provide opportunities to continue to improve our understanding of the nature of metaflammation in the hope of modifying it to prevent and treat diseasese.KEYWORDS: Inflammation, metaflammation, inflammasome, metabolic disease, obesity

scholarly journals Selective phosphorylation of AKT isoforms in response to dietary cues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Christin Trautenberg ◽  
Elodie Prince ◽  
Cornelia Maas ◽  
Nora Beier ◽  
Freya Honold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Akt Isoforms ◽  
Signal Cascade ◽  
Cellular Signal ◽  
Dietary Cues ◽  
Food Design

AbstractA calorie-rich diet is one reason for the continuous spread of metabolic syndromes in western societies. Smart food design is one powerful tool to prevent metabolic stress, and the search for suitable bioactive additives is a continuous task. The nutrient-sensing insulin signaling pathway is an evolutionary conserved mechanism that plays an important role in metabolism, growth and development. Recently, lipid cues capable to stimulate insulin signaling were identified. However, the mechanistic base of their activity remains obscure to date. Here, we show that specific AKT/ Protein kinase B isoforms are responsive to dietary lipid extract compositions and potentiate cellular insulin signaling levels. Our data add a new dimension to existing models and position Drosophila as a powerful model to study the relation between dietary lipid cues and the insulin induced cellular signal cascade.

P53 regulates the lipid metabolism response to metabolic stress in brown adipose tissue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Lenihan-Geels ◽  
F Garcia-Carrizo ◽  
C Li ◽  
M Oster ◽  
A Prokesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Brown Adipose

The use of intestinal organoids to investigate nutrient sensing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anya Ramgulam ◽  
Noemi Gonzalez-Abuin ◽  
Gary Frost ◽  
Kevin Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Intestinal Organoids

71-OR: Oligofructose Improves Small Intestinal Nutrient-Sensing Mechanisms via the Small Intestinal Microbiota

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 71-OR
Author(s):  
SAVANNA N. WENINGER ◽  
EVE BEAUCHEMIN ◽  
ADELINA I.L. LANE ◽  
RACHEL MEYER ◽  
FRANK DUCA
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Small Intestinal
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