scholarly journals Rethinking Adoption and Diffusion as a Collective Social Process: Towards an Interactional Perspective

Author(s):  
Cees Leeuwis ◽  
Noelle Aarts

Abstract Agricultural development is looked at as a process in which the adoption of innovations plays an important role. In this context, there has been considerable interest in understanding how adoption processes work. This chapter starts from the observation that adoption has been conceptualised in most research and development efforts as a process at the level of individuals and/or individual households, resulting in the dominance of social-psychological modes of thinking. Drawing on case experiences and recent theories of innovation, this paper points towards the critical role that several types of interdependencies play in adoption processes, which leads to the conclusion that in many instances, adoption must be regarded as a collective rather than an individual process. It is therefore important to complement and re-orient our thinking about adoption and resort to more sociological and interactional concepts and explanations. After a discussion of relevant concepts, the chapter concludes with some reflection on how this perspective may inspire a different way of approaching two topical issues in the realm of agricultural innovation: scaling and ICT4Ag.

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Fawzia Sulaiman

<p><strong>English<br /></strong>The slow process of technology transfer, which is suitable to the bio-physic and social economic of its intended users, has been realized as a serious impediment in the acceleration of agricultural development. In this decentralization era, the agricultural innovation transfer system becomes more complex that needs an adjustment to the changing strategic environment, which is specific to each respective regional area. The initiation of the Agency for Agricultural Research and Development in the establishment of the Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT) at the provincial level in 1994 intended to decentralize agricultural research and development. However after seven years of the AIAT establishment, the availability of specific agro-ecosystem technologies at the field level is still limited. The centralistic approach in the implementation of agricultural development in the last three decades and the weak linkage among institutions dealing with agricultural innovation transfer are considered to be the main impediments for an effective agricultural innovation transfer system. The implementation of decentralization policy in early 2001 has resulted in several fundamental changes in the organizational structure and management of government institutions dealing with agricultural innovation transfer. These changes have increased the ineffectiveness of extension organization and personnel. For this reason, deliberate efforts to strengthen the linkage among institutions that have extension function and the revitalization of extension organization and personnel, are badly needed, especially at the district level. The implementation of decentralization in agricultural development, including in agricultural innovation transfer, needs appropriate preparation and deliberate efforts from regional (provincial and district) administrators and central bureaucracies, whereas mutual support and reinforcement toward each other are the prerequisite to decentralization success. The purpose of this study was to identify the performance of agricultural innovation transfer system in the early implementation stage of the decentralization policy.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian<br /></strong>Proses alih inovasi pertanian yang sesuai dengan kondisi bio-fisik, sosial ekonomi petani dan budaya setempat yang masih berjalan lambat telah lama di sadari sebagai hambatan dalam upaya akselerasi pembangunan pertanian. Pada era desentralisasi, sistem alih inovasi pertanian menjadi lebih komplek dan perlu pendekatan yang disesuaikan dengan lingkungan strategis yang ada dan sangat bervariasi antar provinsi dan kabupaten. Pembentukan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian di tingkat regional/ provinsi pada tahun 1994 merupakan realisasi kebijaksanaan desentralisasi/regionalisasi dan penelitian pengembangan pertanian yang diinisiasi oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Walaupun demikian, setelah lebih dari tujuh tahun didirikannya BPTP, ternyata ketersediaan teknologi tepat guna spesifik agroekosistem yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan petani masih terbatas. Lemahnya keterkaitan antarv berbagai lembaga yang mengemban fungsi alih inovasi pertanian, termasuk kelembagaan tani, serta pendekatan sentralistik di dalam pembangunan pertanian selama lebih dari tiga dekade dianggap sebagai faktor penghambat utama dari efektifitas sistem alih inovasi pertanian. Implementasi kebijaksanaan desentralisasi pada awal tahun 2001 telah mengakibatkan perubahan mendasar dari struktur organisasi dan manajemen institusi pemerintah yang mengemban fungsi penyuluhan pertanian. Perubahan dasar ini telah ,mengakibatkan kinerja dari sebagian besar organisasi dan personal penyuluh pertanian di tingkat provinsi dan kabupaten sangat menurun. Koordinasi yang efektif antar institusi yang mengemban fungsi penyuluhan, dan revitalisasi organisasi dan personal penyuluhan perlu memperoleh perhatian yang serius, terutama dari para penentu kebijaksanaan Pemerintah Daerah Tingkat II. Pada penerapan kebijaksanaan otonomi daera(OTDA) di dalam pembangunan pertanian, termasuk di dalam penyelenggaraan alih inovasi pertanian, diperlukan persiapan yang matang dan komitmen dari para penentu kebijaksanaan serta administrator di tingkat Daerah maupun Pusat. Penerapan kebijaksanaan desentralisasi, termasuk di dalam alih inovasi dan teknologi pertanian, akan berhasil bila ada upaya khusus untuk saling mendukung antar institusi terkait. Tujuan dari pengkajian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kinerja dari sistem alih iovasi pertanian pada awal penerapan kebijaksanaan desentralisasi.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 112611
Author(s):  
Sofia Frantzi ◽  
Roy Brouwer ◽  
Emma Watkins ◽  
Pieter van Beukering ◽  
Maria Conceição Cunha ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Khalil

BACKGROUND Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) require regular follow-ups and overall management to normalize maternal blood glucose and improve pregnancy outcomes. With the advancements made in the digital field, telemedicine is gaining popularity over traditional health care approaches in different medical fields. As for GDM, telemonitoring solutions seem to improve women’s quality of life and enhance self-management. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to understand, from patients’ and health care professionals’ (HCPs) perspectives, what drives the adoption and diffusion of a telemonitoring solution (myDiabby) in a context where telemonitoring activities are still not compensated like traditional follow-ups. METHODS The study was conducted in 12 diabetes services in France using myDiabby for monitoring and managing patients with GDM. A qualitative research approach was adopted for collecting and analyzing data. A total of 20 semistructured interviews were conducted with HCPs working in different health structures in France, and 15 semistructured interviews were conducted with patients who had been using myDiabby. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. RESULTS Different determinants need to be taken into consideration when adopting an innovative health technology. By drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory, a set of factors associated with the technology (the relative advantages, compatibility, ease of use, testability, and observability of the telemedicine platform) has been identified as affecting the adoption and diffusion of telemonitoring solutions in French diabetes services. In addition, data analysis shows a set of environmental factors (the demographic situation of HCPs, the health care access in rural communities, and the economic and political context in France) that also influences the spread and adoption of telemonitoring systems in French hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Even though telemonitoring activities are still not remunerated as traditional follow-ups, many French HCPs support and encourage the adoption of telemonitoring systems in GDM. As for patients, telemonitoring systems are perceived as a useful and easy way to monitor their GDM. This study contributes to recognizing the value of telemonitoring interventions in managing GDM and considering the expansion of telemonitoring to other chronic conditions.


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