The Influence of foliar fertilization on different soybean genotypes

Soybean is one of the most important leguminous crops due to its high oil and protein content with a significant role in nutrition. Micronutrients for soybean growth and development are very important and foliar fertilization is used to overcome environmental stress and help soybean plants to fill their nutritive needs. The research was carried out in 2020 by the Soybean Breeding Laboratory from the Agricultural Research and Development Station in Turda, Romania. Foliar fertilization had both positive and negative effects for 1000-grain weight and yield however, quality traits do not seem to be influenced by applying supplement of microelements during the vegetation period. The research suggests that genotype is the determining factor in the efficiency of foliar fertilization. In this sense, the present experiment will continue to bring answers regarding the effects of foliar fertilizers on some soybean genotypes.

PREFACE: The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Cereals and Crops Production Systems in the Tropics (ICFST)

The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Cereals and Crops Production Systems in the Tropics (ICFST) was held on 23-24 September 2021 in Harper Hotel Makassar, Indonesia. The Conference was organized by Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD)-Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia, collaborated with International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of Indonesia. The theme of the conference is “Strengthening Agricultural Resources Management to Support Food Security and Industry 4.0” with the sub themes of Breeding and Biotechnology, Crop Production Systems, Pest and Disease Management, Post Harvest, Socio-Economy and Community Development. The conference was conducted in two days offline/on site and virtual scientific sessions. Due to the pandemic reason, offline/on site meeting was limited to a maximum of 100 participants and the remaining 900 participants joined via virtual zoom meeting. The conference facilitate the research community focusing in food crops and provide platform for scientists to meet and interact with each other to share their knowledge and their research results along with the obstacles and challenges they faced in their development, achievement as well as experiences through the presentation of papers and discussion. This international conference is also an event to establish cooperation in the development of food crops research in the future as well as enhancing the knowledge of environmental protection with the current agricultural technologies. We would like to convey our deepest gratitude to the Minister of Agriculture of Indonesia, Keynote Speakers: Dr Kevin Pixley (Director of Genetic Resources Program CIMMYT & the CGIAR Research Program), Prof. Keerti S. Rathore (Texas A&M University, USA), Dr. Juan Landivar Bowles (Texas Agrilive-USA), Prof Bunyamin Tar’an (University of Saskatchewan Canada), Dr. Yu Shin Nai (Chung Sing University-Taiwan), Dr. Naori Miyazawa (Nagoya University), sponsors, organizing committee and also to all participants. We also would like to express our deepest gratitude to the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) conducted such conference. We are looking forward to the 3rd ICFST that will be held on September 2023 in Bali Island. We expect that these future ICFST conference will be as stimulating as this most recent one was, as indicated by the contributions presented in this proceedings volume. Makassar, 23-24 September 2021 IAARD Indonesia List of Committees, conference photograph are available in this Pdf.

KUALITAS SENSORIS NUGGET AYAM KUB

KUB chicken is the superior village chicken of the Agricultural Research and Development Agency with egg production reaching 180 eggs/ year. With this advantage, KUB chickens have been cultivated and developed since 2016. In addition to producing quite a lot of eggs, KUB chickens also have delicious meat to eat. One of the most popular processed chicken meat especially for children is chicken nuggets. KUB chicken nuggets were tested for sensory testing including color, texture, aroma and taste for several panelists. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design. The sensory test results showed that KUB chicken nuggets were preferred compared to commercial chicken nuggets. Keywords: KUB Chicken, Nuggets, Sensory quality

Modelling the Common Agricultural Policy Impact over the EU Agricultural and Rural Environment through a Machine Learning Predictive Framework

This research provides an analytical and predictive framework, based on state-of-the-art machine-learning (ML) algorithms (random forest (RF) and generalized additive models (GAM)), that can be used to assess and improve the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) impact/performance over the agricultural and rural environments, easing the identification of proper instruments that can be used by EU policy makers in CAP’s financial management. The applied methodology consists of elaborating a custom-developed analytical framework based on a dataset containing 22 relevant indicators, considering four main dimensions that describe the intricacies of the EU agricultural and rural environment, in the CAP context: rural, emissions, macroeconomic, and financial. The results highlight that an increase of the agricultural research and development funding, as well as the agriculture employment rate, negatively influence the degree of rural poverty. The rural GDP per capita is influenced by the size of the employment rate in agriculture. It seems that environmental sustainability, identified by both fertilizers used and emissions from agriculture parameters, significantly influences the GDP per capita. In predicting emissions in agriculture, the direct payment, degree of rural poverty, fertilizer use, employment in agriculture, and agriculture labor productivity are the main independent parameters with the highest future importance. It was found that when predicting direct payments, the rural employment rate, employment in agriculture, and gross value added must be considered the most. The agricultural, entrepreneurial income prediction is mainly influenced by the total factor productivity, while agricultural research and development investments depend on gross value added, direct payments, and gross value added in the agricultural sector. Future research, related to prediction models based on CAP indicators, should also consider the marketing dimension. It is recommended for direct payments to be used to invest in upgrading the fertilizers technologies, since environmental sustainability will influence economic growth.

Small Pteropodid Bats are Important Pollinators of Durian in Terengganu, Malaysia

Bats are often misunderstood as agricultural pests and have received little attention for conservation efforts. However, bats are critical pollinators to commercially important agricultural products, such as durians. This study intends to confirm the role of small pteropodid bats as pollinating agents to flowering durian trees. Samplings were conducted in April 2018 to record bats visiting the flowers of two durian species, Durio zibethinus and Durio lowianus at Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Jerangau, Terengganu. Captured bats were swabbed for conspecific pollen load on their bodies to determine their potential role as pollinators. One hundred thirty-one (131) pollen swabs were collected from three pteropodid bat species: Eonycteris spelaea Dobson, Cynopterus brachyotis Dobson, and Cynopterus horsfieldii Gray. Only E. spelaea and C. brachyotis, however, were found with conspecific pollen loads on their bodies. Between the two, E. spelaea showed a higher potential to be the pollinating agent for the durian trees. Hence, they recorded more individuals carrying many conspecific pollen grains while visiting the trees. Thus, this finding will hopefully reduce the misconceptions held on bats and conserve them in Malaysia.

THE KEY SUCCESFULL OF Extension Service On Thailand Durian Performance To The World Market

This book will not only tell about the keys to the success of Thailand in cultivating durian, but also durian marketing. It does not only contain the author's personal experiences while in Chanthaburi Province but also contains statistical data that supports the statement, as well as other reliable sources. This book is the result of an internship program that has been carried out by the author while in Thailand, especially in Chanthaburi Province, Office of Agricultural Research and Development Region 6 Chanthaburi Province. An internship program was carried out to increase knowledge and experience of agricultural conditions in Thailand which is known to be advanced. The author would like to thank Assoc. Prof. Am On Aungsuratana as the main supervisor during the program in Thailand and Dr. Rapee Dokmaithes. In addition, thanks are also conveyed to all staff and parties involved while the author is in OARD Region 6 so the author can run and complete the internship program smoothly, as well as write about their success in developing durian in Thailand. In addition, the authors also thank the University of Jember for all the knowledge provided. I would also like to thank my father (alm) Irfan Boedi Setiawan S.P., my mother Mrs. Dr. Asrumi, M.Hum, and younger brother Firnanda Pulung Wibowo, S.P., for all their enthusiasm and motivation. Finally, the author would like to thank to beloved husband, Sabran, S.K.M., M.P.H. and lovely son Randika Arung Naradipta for all the support given during the writing of this book. The last happy reading and hopefully useful.

Improvement of the Water Management by Applying the No Tillage System for the Winter Wheat Production

The Transylvanian Plain has a particular aspect, as the hilly areas are predominant and here the soil erosion phenomena through levigation are frequently encountered. The effect of water availability on yields has been thoroughly researched, being one of the main limitative factors of the winter wheat yields. Starting from these considerations, during the agricultural years 2012-2018, a bi-factorial yield test was performed at Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda, for a period of seven years. The study explored the influence of the water status under the influence of two tillage systems and the climatic conditions specific for this area on winter wheat yields. In the field conditions of Turda during experimental interval, the soil tillage system had a rather small impact on the winter wheat yields. In the conventional system (CS) a reserve of accessible water is preserved better during the spring period, this being attributed to a better infiltration into the soil of winter precipitation (snow). In the conservative system (NT), the observed trend suggests that restoration of the ground water reserve is more difficult than in the CS but the loss of water in the CS is just as fast.

Making sense of farmers’ demand for seed of root, tuber and banana crops: a systematic review of methods

A demand-driven approach is becoming increasingly central in the efforts to improve agricultural research and development. However, the question of how exactly demand is studied usually remains unstated and is rarely discussed. We therefore carried out a systematic review in order to better understand how farmers’ demand for seed in root, tuber and banana seed systems is studied. The review is based on data from a consultation with an expert panel and a structured literature search in the SCOPUS database. Screening the gathered articles resulted in 46 studies on a global scale, fitting the scope of our investigation. Through qualitative analysis and categorization of these studies, we developed a classification scheme according to the types of approaches applied in the retained studies. One group of studies explicitly articulates farmers’ preferences and choices through surveys or engagements in trials, auctions, choice experiments and interviews. Other studies implicitly articulate farmers’ demand by characterising their current use of varieties and seed. We discuss opportunities and limitations in the use of each type of study and we reflect on the body of available literature as a whole. Our conclusion is that a framework is necessary that purposefully combines the existing different methods and that it is necessary to involve stakeholders in a process where demand is articulated. Together, these two steps would characterise existing demands in a more effective and precise way, thus providing better guidance to decision-makers in their reactions pertaining to seed systems.

The Genotype and Crop Age Effect on Nutritive Value of Corn Forage

Background: The Corn crop (Zea mays) was one type of feed crop which is a good source of crude fiber for ruminant. Corn crops had several types of genotypes and each genotype had its advantages in terms of productivity and nutritional content. Methods: The study was conducted from January to May 2018, at the Agricultural Research and Development Research Studio located at Arjasari Village, Arjasari District, Bandung Regency, West Java, in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various genotypes and crop ages on crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, energy and Nitrogen free extract of Corn forage. This research was designed with an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design. The treatments in this study were the genotype of Corn crop and the crop age.Result: The results of the statistical analysis showed that the interaction of genotype and age gave different results on Nitrogen free extract and crude fiber at 5% significant level test. Genotype and age interaction did not give different results on Energy, Crude Fat and Crude Protein at 5% significant level test.

Impact of Agricultural R&D on Sectoral Economic Growth

Public and private investment in agricultural research and development (R&D) creates preconditions for the implementation of more advanced and better technologies. It enables the introduction of new production processes and products which can result in higher earnings and potential sectoral economic growth in Agriculture. Despite the fact that accelerated agricultural research and development is a catalyst for the beginning of the long-run economic activity, its importance is not widely investigated at regional levels. The East Africa economies have defined strategies that view innovation as an essential element in stimulating growth and job creation. The goal of this study is to establish the role of agricultural R&D in fostering sectoral economic growth of East Africa states. The data used in this research were panel data of the East Africa Countries for the period from 2001 to 2015. The result showed that agricultural sector R&D is important factor in explaining sectoral economic growth in East Africa. Therefore, only innovation through increasing Agricultural R&D expenditure and strengthening institutions can sufficiently drive sustainable sectoral output growth and development in East Africa economies. Thus, East Africa nations need to strengthen and build their agricultural research and development capacity while aligning of policies and procedures of research organizations to achieve sustainable sectoral economic growth.