scholarly journals Local Self-Government and Administration

Author(s):  
Kay Ruge ◽  
Klaus Ritgen

AbstractThis chapter describes the variety and levels of local self-government bodies in Germany. It portrays that local authorities (municipalities, cities and counties) are responsible for performing both their own tasks and large parts of federal and Land laws (the communal administrations and especially their so-called double head function: local self-government and lowest level of state administration). The local authorities mainly differentiate themselves from federal and regional authorities by the mandates of their elected representative bodies (municipal council, city council and county council). The head of a local administration (mayor or county commissioner) is also usually directly elected by the citizens.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
O. V. TITOVA ◽  

The article shows the relevance of the national strategy of innovative development, which is actively implemented by regional authorities throughout the country. It provides comprehensive guidelines for the development and implementation of innovation policies in different regions. Institutional incentives and constraints for local authorities to implement this strategy are considered.



2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Aleksey Andreevich Amiantov

The presented study is devoted to the study of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in relation to issues of local self-government in the context of the municipal reform of 2014-2015. and its legal consequences. The aim of this work is to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the identified problems of the work of local authorities in the period following the start of municipal reform. The research methodology is built by combining descriptive analysis elements and a case study. It is concluded that the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation has consistently maintained its position on the constitutional nature of the reform of local authorities. The provisions of the relevant regulatory legal acts are limited only partially and only in relation to first-level municipalities - municipal authorities of settlements. Given the deprivation of the latter a significant part of the powers and the observed transition to a singlelevel system of local self-government, the adoption of these restrictions does not significantly affect the implementation of the reform. Of fundamental importance is the position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation regarding the new powers of regional authorities in relation to municipalities. The increase in the arsenal of legal instruments of the influence of the leadership of the constituent entities of the federation on the heads of local self-government was not interpreted as a violation of the constitutional principle of the independence of municipalities. The latter opens up the possibility for further legalization of the process of embedding municipal bodies in the structure of the informal “power vertical”.



2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Michels ◽  
Priscilla Ghizoni Lima

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as ações dos Conselhos Municiais dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência em relação a Educação. Consideramos que a consolidação deste Conselho se deu com reivindicações, lutas e disputas de diferentes segmentos da sociedade, e que, portanto, pode ser um espaço importante para as lutas das pessoas com deficiência, mesmo que como espaço de direitos formais. Para esta pesquisa, buscamos elucidar as demandas, disputas e reivindicações relacionadas direta ou indiretamente, com a educação dos sujeitos deficientes, objetivando refletir sobre os limites e possibilidades da ação do CMDPD referentes aos assuntos relacionados a educação. Para tanto, utilizamos como procedimento metodológico a análise de documentos, dos quais se destacam decretos e normativas e 17 atas de reuniões com CMDPD de Florianópolis. Obtivemos com essa análise a compreensão de como surgiu este conselho no Brasil e no município em tela; os sujeitos que os compõem; as temáticas mais debatidas e, foco de nossa análise, como, com quem e qual a discussão efetivada sobre o tema educação. Compreendemos que alguns litígios relacionados a educação especial permanecem nesse Conselho como a relação Público x Privado. A temática da educação é efetivamente invisível nesse conselho e que nos faz a identificar outra seara: a pouca importância dada a efetiva escolarização dos sujeitos com deficiência nessa sociedade.Palavras-chave: Conselho Municipal. Deficiência. Educação. The Municipal Council for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of Florianópolis: the invisibility of the education themeABSTRACTThis article aims to discuss the actions of the Municipal Councils of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in relation to Education. We believe that the consolidation of this Council has resulted in, struggles and disputes of different segments of society, and that, therefore, can be an important space for the struggles of people with disabilities, even as an area of formal rights. For this research, we seek to elucidate the demands, disputes and claims related directly or indirectly, with the education of disabled subjects, aiming at reflecting on the limits and possibilities of the CMDPD relating to matters related to education. For this, we used as a methodological procedure the analysis of documents of which stand out decrees and regulations and 17 minutes of meetings with CMDPD of Florianópolis. We obtained with this analysis the understanding of how this council appeared in Brazil and in the municipality in screen; the subjects that compose them; the most debated topics and, the focus of our analysis, how, with whom and what the actual discussion about the subject of education. We understand that some litigation related to special education remains in this Council such as the Public x Private relationship. The issue of education is effectively invisible in this council and which makes us identify another crop: the little importance given to the effective schooling of the subjects with disability in this society.Keywords: City Council. Deficiency. Education. El Consejo Municipal de los Derechos de las personas con discapacidad de Florianópolis: la invisibilidad del tema de la educaciónRESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo discutir las acciones de los Consejos Municipales de los Derechos de la Persona con Deficiencia en relación con la Educación. Consideramos que la consolidación de este Consejo se dio con reivindicaciones, luchas y disputas de diferentes segmentos de la sociedad, y que, por lo tanto, puede ser un espacio importante para las luchas de las personas con discapacidad, pero como espacio de derechos formales. Para esta investigación, buscamos elucidar las demandas, disputas y reivindicaciones relacionadas directa o indirectamente, con la educación de los sujetos discapacitados, con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre los límites y posibilidades de la acción do CMDPD sobre los asuntos relacionados con la educación. Para ello, utilizamos como procedimiento metodológico el análisis de documentos, de los cuales se destacan decretos y normativas y 17 actas de reuniones con CMDPD de Florianópolis. Obtuvimos con ese análisis la comprensión de cómo surgió este consejo en Brasil y en el municipio en pantalla; los sujetos que los componen; las temáticas más debatidas y, foco de nuestro análisis, cómo, con quién y cuál la discusión efectuada sobre el tema educación. Comprendemos que algunos litigios relacionados con la educación especial permanecen en este Consejo como la relación público x privada. La temática de la educación es efectivamente invisible en ese consejo y que nos hace identificar otra mierda: la poca importancia dada a la efectiva escolarización de los sujetos con discapacidad en esa sociedad.Palabras clave: Consejo Municipal. Discapacidad. Educación.



Author(s):  
José Ignacio CUBERO MARCOS

LABURPENA: Lan honetan Espainiako Gobernuak harturiko neurriek eragiten duten efektuak aztertzen dira ikuspegi juridikotik, toki autonomia garatu eta egikaritzean. Horrela zera analizatu da: zerbitzuen liberalizazioa aitortzen duten arauak, hornitzaileek eta kontratistek Toki Administrazioarekin duten zorrak ordaintzeko betebeharreko neurriak eta, azkenik, zein arazo eta auzi ekar lezakeen gastu publikoa murrizteak derrigorrezko zerbitzuak ematean eta auzotarren bizimoduetan eta haien eskubidea gai publikoetan parte hartzeko. Galdera komuna arazo horietan guztietan hauxe da: krisialdiari aurre egiteko neurriek toki autonomiari lotutako eskumen eremua murrizten dute? RESUMEN: En este trabajo se abordan las consecuencias que, desde una perspectiva jurídica, pueden producir en el desarrollo y ejercicio de la autonomía local algunas medidas adoptadas por el Gobierno español. Así, se han analizado las normas que amparan la liberalización de los servicios, las medidas que imponen el pago de las deudas contraídas por proveedores y contratistas con la Administración Local y, por último, los problemas que la contención del gasto puede ocasionar a la prestación de servicios obligatorios por parte de la Administración y su repercusión en la vida diaria de los vecinos y en su derecho a participar en los asuntos públicos. La pregunta común en todos ellos es la siguiente: ¿las medidas propuestas contra la crisis reducen el ámbito competencial propio de la autonomía local? ABSTRACT: In this article the consequences of the measures adopted by the Spanish Government are analyzed, from a legal perspective, in order to exercise and development the local autonomy principle. In that sense, it is examined rules that have recognized services liberalization, measures that impose the payment that Local Administration must carry out to contractors and providers. Finally, problems and controversies relative to the provision of obligatory services will be exposed, when authorities have decided to reduce public expenditure, and their effects in the citizens´ current life and their rights to decide in public affairs. The frequent question is the following one: Do the measures proposed against crisis limit therange of the local authorities’ competence?



1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Hedley

INKleinwort Benson v. Lincoln City Council [1998] 3 W.L.R. 1095 the House of Lords heard consolidated appeals arising out of the failure of interest rate swap transactions entered into between various banks and local authorities. Having paid out considerable sums under the swap arrangements, the banks were disconcerted to find them declared ultra vires and void (Hazell v. Hammersmith and Fulham L.B.C. [1992] 2 A.C. 1). The Lords have now held that sums paid by the banks may be recovered back, by action in restitution for mistake. In so holding, they have abrogated the rule that a mistake of law is not actionable, and denied (at least on these facts) any defence that the parties acted on the basis of “settled law”.



2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Nur Berahim ◽  
Mohd Nadzri Jaafar ◽  
Ainur Zaireen Zainudin

Non-tax revenue trends and their potential have received less attention than property tax, which is the primary source for most Malaysian local authorities (LAs). This paper highlights the examination conducted on potentials and strategies adopted by each LA investigated to maximize return from non-tax revenue. In doing this, qualitative approach using secondary data acquired from financial reports and primary data from in-depth interviews was employed. Ten LAs were selected through purposive sampling. The trend of revenue collection among the selected LAs and the strategies to improve non-tax revenue collection through thematic analysis are highlighted. The analysis of the trend of local authorities’ revenue reveals that non-tax revenue remains the second most important after the tax revenue. However, Pulau Pinang City Council (MBPP) is the only LA that records an average of non-tax revenue exceeding 50 per cent of its total internal revenue. This study has also found that the divergence among the local authorities’ non-tax revenue collection is due to the revenue improvement strategies adopted by each local authority. Therefore, eight recommendations are made to improve non-tax revenue. Though this study is limited to 10 LAs as sample, the successful optimizing strategies highlighted from the study can represent an efficient model for other LAs, in improving their non-tax collection.



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