scholarly journals Continuities and Discontinuities in the Austrian Catholic Orient Mission to Palestine, 1915–1938

2020 ◽  
pp. 303-330
Author(s):  
Barbara Haider-Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Social Elites ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
First World

AbstractThe Habsburg Monarchy had a long history of relations with Palestine. In the nineteenth century, Austria participated in the “peaceful crusade” forming a special “Jerusalem milieu”. Its actors collected donations to establish several institutions. After 1918, the meaning of “Austria” was completely different from before the First World War. Yet, the (Christian Social) elites of the small Austrian First Republic and the politicians of authoritarian Austria still took an interest in matters concerning the Holy Land. In 1927, an Austrian consulate re-opened in the Holy City. The hospice in Jerusalem and the hospital of the Order of St John of God in Nazareth survived the years of turmoil. Austrian cultural diplomacy in the Mandate period continued to maintain good contacts with the local Arab population and gained new dimensions.

scholarly journals Sulle origini del corporativismo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Petri
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
First World

The purpose of the present chapter is to provide some hints to the history of the concept of ‘corporation’. It aims to illustrate the meaning of corpus in Roman law and the characteristics of medieval guilds, to examine the semantic constants of the concept and its variants up to, and in part beyond, the First World War. The chapter will briefly discuss the ideas of Bentham and Saint-Simon, Mill’s concept of ‘economic democracy’, the communitarian alternatives to late-nineteenth-century liberalism, and the early theories of management and the firm that developed partly in parallel with the rise of fascist policies in Europe and the Technocracy movement in America, which cannot be treated here.

Ethno-cultural Nature of the East Slavic Population of Gabsburg Empire as Covered in the “Russkaya Pravda” Journal (Chernovtsy, 1910–1913)

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 368-377
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Kazak
Keyword(s):  
Information Source ◽  
First World War ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
First World

The article examines «Russkaya Pravda» («Russian Truth») journal publications issued in Chernovtsi in 1910–1913. This periodical advocated the idea that the East Slavic population of the Habsburg monarchy (Bukovina, Galicia, Ugric Rus) belonged to the common all-Russian national-cultural community. The main issue covered in «Russkaya Pravda» publications was that of the nature of the Ukrainian national movement somewhat supported by the authorities. The periodical analyzed the main mechanisms of all-Russian movement suppression in Austria-Hungary (namely, the ban on Russophile institutions, manipulations during the 1910 population census, numerous violations and abuses during the parliamentary campaign of 1911, persecution of the Orthodox Church). «Russkaya Pravda» journal is a valuable information source on the history of the East Slavic population of the Habsburg monarchy on the verge of the First World War.

Reviews: The Memoirs of John M. Regan, a Catholic Officer in the RIC and RUC, 1909–1948, Becoming Conspicuous: Irish Travellers, Society and the State 1922–1970, Nineteenth-Century Ireland: The Search for Stability, Landlords, Tenants, Famine: The Business of an Irish Land Agency in the 1840s, Ireland's Great Famine: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, When the Potato Failed: Causes and Effects of the last European Subsistence Crisis, 1845–1850, Local Government in Nineteenth-Century County Dublin: The Grand Jury, a South Roscommon Emigrant: Emigration and Return, 1890–1920, Edenderry, County Offaly, and the Downshire Estate, 1790–1800, Restoration Strabane, 1660–1714: Economy and Society in Provincial Ireland, Cavan, 1609–1653: Plantation, War and Religion, Aloys Fleischmann, Raymond Deane, the Murders at Wildgoose Lodge: Agrarian Crime and Punishment in pre-Famine Ireland, the Georgian Squares of Dublin: An Architectural History, Exploring the History and Heritage of Irish Landscapes, the Oxford History of the Irish Book, Spinning the Threads of Uneven Development: Gender and Industrialization in Ireland during the long Eighteenth Century, Irish Agriculture: A Price History from the Mid-Eighteenth Century to the End of the First World War, Subversive Law in Ireland, 1879–1920: From ‘Unwritten Law’ to the Dáil Courts, the De Vesci Papers, Michael Davitt: Freelance Radical and Frondeur, Redmond, the Parnellite, Freemasonry in Ulster, 1733–1813, the Writings of Theobald Wolfe Tone, 1763–1798, Dublin Docklands Reinvented, are You Still Below? The Ford Marina Plant, Cork, 1917–1984, the Irish County Surveyors, 1834–1944: A Biographical Dictionary, Kathleen Lynn, Irishwoman, Patriot, Doctor, Census of Ireland circa 1659 with Essential Materials from the Poll Money Ordinances, 1660–1661, Nationalism and the Irish Party: Provincial Ireland, 1910–1916, Portraying Irish Travellers: Histories and Representations, Davitt, Court of Claims: Submissions and Evidence, 1663

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-165
Author(s):  
W. J. Lowe ◽  
Thomas Acton ◽  
Christine Kinealy ◽  
Conor McNamara ◽  
Seán Mac Liam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Biographical Dictionary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century ◽  
Unwritten Law ◽  
First World

The Classical Figures of Sociology and the Great Seminal Catastrophe of the Twentieth Century

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Joas ◽  
Wolfgang Knöbl
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Werner Sombart ◽  
First World

This chapter examines the intellectual prehistory and history of the First World War. Toward the end of the nineteenth and in the early twentieth centuries, German social scientists in particular had already attempted to theorize the connection between war and capitalism, or war and democracy, with authors such as Werner Sombart and Otto Hintze leading the way. Many European and American intellectuals, including most of the classical figures of sociology, did feel called to give their views on the question of war. In many cases, however, their writings did them little credit. How easily social theory can be led astray is plain for all to see in many of the statements made at the time, in that the bellicist arguments already to be found in the nineteenth century were often shamelessly deployed to denounce the enemy.

Ideas of Nationhood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic Rights ◽  
Nationalist Sentiment ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
First World

This chapter describes the principal ideas of nationhood that have operated during the European history of Australia. It describes how late Enlightenment beliefs in liberty and progress and their expression in revolutionary France and North America informed campaigns for democratic rights in Australia. While some activists were influenced by republican sentiment, most sought to claim what they believed to be their British birthright. The independent nationalism of the late nineteenth century, with its secular and socialist inflections, dissipated as geopolitical uncertainty drove Australians more deeply into the arms of the British Empire. Federation was driven by a progressive and idealistic nationalism, less radical than the late-nineteenth century version, which was soon snuffed out by the geopolitical ructions that resulted in the First World War. Contemporary Australians are more likely to source their nationalist sentiment from the Anzac mythology than from the literal moment at which the nation was created, leaving Australian ideas of nationhood curiously detached from the civic apparatus of the nation state.

Archbishop Lang’s Visit to the Holy Land in 1931

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 343-357
Author(s):  
Garth Turner
Keyword(s):  
Holy Land ◽  
World War ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Modus Vivendi ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
First Time ◽  
First World

The overthrow of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the First World War opened a new chapter in the history of the Holy Land. New and particular local tensions arose, especially in the aftermath of the Balfour Declaration between Jews and Arabs. In the post-war settlement, the British Mandate in Palestine gave rulership to a Christian power - and one with its own established Church - for the first time since the thirteenth century. Within the Christian community itself, the rise of an ecumenical movement also changed perspectives, challenging the rivalries which were particularly evident at that central shrine of Christianity, the Holy Sepulchre. The visit of Archbishop Lang of Canterbury to Palestine and Jerusalem in 1931 illustrates the primate’s own personal responses to the experience of the Holy Land, while also reflecting the need for tact and diplomacy in dealing with a particular set of circumstances in which the presence of the leader of the Anglican communion might be seen as intrusive, even threatening, to the religious modus vivendi already established there between Christians.

Towards the National Song Book: The History of an Idea

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Cox
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Popular Education ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Racial Pride ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
First World

This paper traces the relationship between music and national feeling which permeated popular education during the latter part of the nineteenth century, culminating in the publication ofThe National Song Book(Stanford, 1906). By the First World War there was hardly a school in the country which did not possess a copy. The roots of the idea of national songs are traced back to Herder and Engel, and in particular to William Chappell'sPopular Music of the Olden Time(1858–9). The paper argues that music educationists developed distinct theories about the educative value of such songs in developing notions of nationhood, patriotism and racial pride. Specifically a line of development is traced in the development ofThe National Song Bookthrough Charles Stanford, W. H. Hadow and Arthur Somervell, while taking cognisance of the dissenting views of John Stainer and Cecil Sharp. The paper concludes thatThe National Song Bookproclaimed the hegemony of the literate tradition as opposed to the oral, and considers the view that national songs contained within them the danger of the manipulation of patriotism.

Socio-political and confessional preconditions of the birth of the Ukrainian Evangelical-Reformed Church in Western Ukraine (20-30 years of the twentieth century)

2000 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
R. Soloviy
Keyword(s):  
Public Life ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Reformed Church ◽  
Religious Influences ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Factor ◽  
First World

In the history of religious organizations of Western Ukraine in the 20-30th years of the XX century. The activity of such an early protestant denominational formation as the Ukrainian Evangelical-Reformed Church occupies a prominent position. Among UCRC researchers there are several approaches to the preconditions for the birth of the Ukrainian Calvinistic movement in Western Ukraine. In particular, O. Dombrovsky, studying the historical preconditions for the formation of the UREC in Western Ukraine, expressed the view that the formation of the Calvinist cell should be considered in the broad context of the Ukrainian national revival of the 19th and 20th centuries, a new assessment of the religious factor in public life proposed by the Ukrainian radical activists ( M. Drahomanov, I. Franko, M. Pavlik), and significant socio-political, national-cultural and spiritual shifts caused by the events of the First World War. Other researchers of Ukrainian Calvinism, who based their analysis on the confessional-polemical approach (I.Vlasovsky, M.Stepanovich), interpreted Protestantism in Ukraine as a product of Western cultural and religious influences, alien to Ukrainian spirituality and culture.

Ale na razie tu cisza” – fotografie sprzed katastrofy w wybranych zapisach literackich (Stefan Chwin, Ryszard Kapuściński, Wisława Szymborska)

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Magdalena Strąk
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
First World War ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
First World

The work aims to show a peculiar perspective of looking at photographs taken on the eve of the broadly understood disaster, which is specified in a slightly different way in each of the literary texts (Stefan Chwin’s autobiographical novel Krótka historia pewnego żartu [The brief history of a certain joke], a poem by Ryszard Kapuściński Na wystawie „Fotografia chłopów polskich do 1944 r.” [At an exhibition “The Polish peasants in photographs to 1944”] and Wisława Szymborska’s Fotografia z 11 września [Photograph from September 11]) – as death in a concentration camp, a general concept of the First World War or a terrorist attack. Upcoming tragic events – of which the photographed people are not yet aware – become for the subsequent recipient an inseparable element of reality contained in the frame. For the later observers, privileged with time perspective, the characters captured in the photograph are already victims of the catastrophe, which in reality was not yet recorded by the camera. It is a work about coexistence of the past and future in the field of photography.

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