scholarly journals Safety Assurance of a High Voltage Controller for an Industrial Robotic System

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Yvonne Murray ◽  
David A. Anisi ◽  
Martin Sirevåg ◽  
Pedro Ribeiro ◽  
Rabah Saleh Hagag
Keyword(s):  
Model Checking ◽  
Formal Verification ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
Voltage Controller ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
The Comparative Study

Abstract Due to the risk of discharge sparks and ignition, there are strict rules concerning the safety of high voltage electrostatic systems used in industrial painting robots. In order to assure that the system fulfils its safety requirements, formal verification is an important tool to supplement traditional testing and quality assurance procedures. The work in this paper presents formal verification of the most important safety functions of a high voltage controller. The controller has been modelled as a finite state machine, which was formally verified using two different model checking software tools; Simulink Design Verifier and RoboTool. Five safety critical properties were specified and formally verified using the two tools. Simulink was chosen as a low-threshold entry point since MathWorks products are well known to most practitioners. RoboTool serves as a software tool targeted towards model checking, thus providing more advanced options for the more experienced user. The comparative study and results show that all properties were successfully verified. The verification times in both tools were in the order of a few minutes, which was within the acceptable time limit for this particular application.

True Concurrency Semantics

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souad Guellati ◽  
Ilham Kitouni ◽  
Riad Matmat ◽  
Djamel-Eddine Saidouni
Keyword(s):  
Model Checking ◽  
Formal Verification ◽  
Timed Automata ◽  
Model Data ◽  
True Concurrency ◽  
New Class ◽  
Computation Tree ◽  
Interleaving Semantics ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Validation Technique

The model checking algorithms have been widely studied for timed automata, it's a validation technique for automatically verifying correctness properties of finite-state systems, which are based on interleaving semantics. Therefore the actions are assumed instantaneous. To overcome the hypothesis of temporal and structural atomicity of actions, we use the durational actions timed automata model (daTA). This model is based on the maximality semantics. Properties to be verified are expressed using the Timed Computation Tree Logic (TCTL). For dealing with formal verification, the Maximality-based Region Graph (MRG) is defined and an adaptation of the model checking algorithm is proposed. The use of the maximality semantics based verification provides new class of properties related to simultaneous progress of actions at different states.

Synthesis with Mandatory Stop Actions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe De Giacomo ◽  
Antonio Di Stasio ◽  
Giuseppe Perelli ◽  
Shufang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Model Checking ◽  
Finite State Automata ◽  
Deep Impact ◽  
Synthesis Technique ◽  
Büchi Automata ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Ltl Synthesis ◽  
Buchi Automata ◽  
The Impact

We study the impact of the need for the agent to obligatorily instruct the action stop in her strategies. More specifically we consider synthesis (i.e., planning) for LTLf goals under LTL environment specifications in the case the agent must mandatorily stop at a certain point. We show that this obligation makes it impossible to exploit the liveness part of the LTL environment specifications to achieve her goal, effectively reducing the environment specifications to their safety part only. This has a deep impact on the efficiency of solving the synthesis, which can sidestep handling Buchi determinization associated to LTL synthesis, in favor of finite-state automata manipulation as in LTLf synthesis. Next, we add to the agent goal, expressed in LTLf, a safety goal, expressed in LTL. Safety goals must hold forever, even when the agent stops, since the environment can still continue its evolution. Hence the agent, before stopping, must ensure that her safety goal will be maintained even after she stops. To do synthesis in this case, we devise an effective approach that mixes a synthesis technique based on finite-state automata (as in the case of LTLf goals) and model-checking of nondeterministic Buchi automata. In this way, again, we sidestep Buchi automata determinization, hence getting a synthesis technique that is intrinsically simpler than standard LTL synthesis.

scholarly journals Simplifying the Formal Verification of Safety Requirements in Zone Controllers Through Problem Frames and Constraint-Based Projection

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3517-3528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengheng Yuan ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Yijun Yu ◽  
Haiying Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Verification ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Problem Frames

scholarly journals Construction of a Drug Safety Assurance Information System Based on Clinical Genotyping

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
John A. Springer ◽  
Nicholas V. Iannotti ◽  
Jon E. Sprague ◽  
Michael D. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Repeated Use

To capitalize on the vast potential of patient genetic information to aid in assuring drug safety, a substantial effort is needed in both the training of healthcare professionals and the operational enablement of clinical environments. Our research aims to satisfy these needs through the development of a drug safety assurance information system (GeneScription) based on clinical genotyping that utilizes patient-specific genetic information to predict and prevent adverse drug responses. In this paper, we present the motivations for this work, the algorithms at the heart of GeneScription, and a discussion of our system and its uses. We also describe our efforts to validate GeneScription through its evaluation by practicing pharmacists and pharmacy professors and its repeated use in training pharmacists. The positive assessment of the GeneScription software tool by these domain experts provides strong validation of the importance, accuracy, and effectiveness of GeneScription.

Low- and high-voltage-activated calcium currents in rat spinal dorsal horn neurons

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Ryu ◽  
M. Randic
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Calcium Current ◽  
Spinal Dorsal Horn ◽  
Calcium Currents ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Dorsal Horn Neurons ◽  
Spinal Dorsal ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Spinal Dorsal Horn Neurons

1. Calcium currents in immature rat spinal dorsal horn neurons in transverse slices were studied with the single-electrode voltage-clamp technique. Using experimental conditions that minimized voltage-dependent Na+ and K+ currents, we distinguished low- and high-voltage-activated calcium currents on the basis of their voltage dependence and sensitivity to the Ca2(+)-channel agonist and antagonist drugs. 2. The low-voltage-activated transient calcium current is evoked with weak depolarizing voltage commands. It begins to activate at potentials positive to -70 mV and increases in amplitude and rate of decay with depolarization, the peak values being reached between -40 and -30 mV. The current is fully activated at a holding potential of about -110 mV. Steady-state inactivation is complete at potentials in the range of -60 to -50 mV. 3. The transient component of the high-threshold calcium current appears at membrane potentials close to -40 mV and slowly decays within several hundreds of milliseconds. The amplitude of the current increases with more negative holding potentials (-100 to -40 mV). 4. The sustained component of the high-threshold calcium current seems to activate at potentials positive to -40 mV and exhibits little inactivation during 0.3- to 0.5-s depolarizing commands. This component is better isolated at more depolarized holding potentials (between -40 and -30 mV) that inactivate the transient components of the low- and high-threshold calcium currents. 5. A rundown of calcium currents was seen in dorsal horn cells. The time stability of the transient and sustained components of the high-threshold calcium current was lower than that of the low-threshold transient current. The latter current seemed to be insensitive up to 1 h. 6. (-)-Bay K 8644 (1-10 microM), a dihydropyridine agonist, enhanced the high-threshold calcium current, in particular the sustained component, but not the transient low-threshold calcium current. The dihydropyridine antagonist nifedipine (5-50 microM) selectively reduced the sustained component of the high-threshold calcium current while having little or no effect on the transient components of the low- and high-threshold calcium currents. 7. Cadmium ions (60-100 microM) and cobalt ions (2 mM) markedly reduced both components of the high-threshold calcium current, and Cd2+ only slightly decreased the low-threshold transient current. However, all three components are indiscriminately blocked by higher concentrations of Cd2+ and Co2+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

A Methodology for Automatic Formal Verification of Enterprise Architecture

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Eduard Babkin ◽  
Pavel Malyzhenkov ◽  
Marina Ivanova ◽  
Nikita Ponomarev
Keyword(s):  
Model Checking ◽  
Formal Verification ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Architecture Description Language ◽  
Business Modeling ◽  
Business Alignment ◽  
Architecture Description ◽  
Software Prototype

For over a decade, IT-business alignment has been ranked as a top-priority management concern, but there is little research on practical ways to achieve the alignment. EA development is a continuous iterative process, which implicitly ensures the achievement of a specific IT-business alignment level. Therefore, it is necessary to formalize the requirements for architecture and be able to automatically verify them. The authors propose a new methodology for detecting logical contradictions in enterprise architecture models based on a model checking approach adopted in the context of business modeling. In such a methodology, they use ArchiMate standard for a conceptual enterprise architecture description language which is fully aligned with TOGAF. The authors also offer several important verification queries and demonstrate practical applicability of their approach using a software prototype of the modeling tool which exploits MIT Alloy Analyzer model checking framework integrated with AchiMate Archi workbench.

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