Genetic Diversity of Odocoileus virginianus veraecrucis (Goldman & Kellog 1940) and Other’s Subspecies in Mexico: Implications for Its Genetic Conservation

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
Ricardo Serna-Lagunes ◽  
Erick Jair Pastor-Medina ◽  
Ruth Guadalupe Castillo-Rodríguez ◽  
Anabel Cruz-Romero ◽  
Juan Salazar-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Genetic Conservation

scholarly journals Short Communication: Using RAPD technique to evaluate genetic diversity of longan (Dimocarpus longan) population in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1632-1637
Author(s):  
VIET THE HO ◽  
QUOC NGUYEN NGO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Dimocarpus Longan

Ho VT, Ngo QNg. 2017. Short Communication: Using RAPD technique to evaluate genetic diversity of longan (Dimocarpus longan) population in Vietnam. Biodiversitas 18: xxxx. Longan (Dimocarpus longan L.) is an important fruit plant in Vietnam where several cultivars and landraces are being cultivated. Presently, the identification of longan cultivars and landraces is mainly based on personal experience relying on morphological traits leading the difficulty of genetic conservation and longan breeding. In this study, genetic richness and relativeness of 36 longan accessions collected from different provinces in Vietnam were evaluated by using 30 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Our results reveal that there is the large variation of genetic background of studied longan accessions with separate groups in the obtained dendrogram. We also identified the combination of different RAPD markers could help to identify 15 longan genotypes. The results from this project could provide valuable information which is necessary for classifying, identifying plant origins, breeding and conserving programs of longan in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and differentiation in Patellifolia (Amaranthaceae) in the Macaronesian archipelagos and the Iberian Peninsula and implications for genetic conservation programmes

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Frese ◽  
Marion Nachtigall ◽  
José María Iriondo ◽  
María Luisa Rubio Teso ◽  
Maria Cristina Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Genetic Conservation

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are a reservoir of a diversity of Toxoplasma gondii strains in the USA and pose a risk to consumers of undercooked venison

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (7) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Dubey ◽  
C. K. Cerqueira-Cézar ◽  
F. H. A. Murata ◽  
S. K. Verma ◽  
O. C. H. Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Genotype 5

AbstractTo assess the role of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus, WTD) in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis, we conducted a national survey of WTD across the USA for Toxoplasma gondii infection. To do this, we combined serology with parasite isolation to evaluate the prevalence and genetic diversity of T. gondii in this game species. From October 2012 to March 2019, serum and tissues were collected from 914 WTD across the USA. Serum samples were screened for antibodies to T. gondii, and then the tissues of seropositive WTD were bioassayed in mice. Antibodies were detected in 329 (36%) of 914 WTD tested by the modified agglutination test (positive reaction at 1:25 or higher). Viable T. gondii was isolated from the heart of 36 WTD from 11 states. Three of the 36 isolates were pathogenic but not highly virulent to outbred Swiss Webster mice and all 36 isolates could be propagated further in cell culture and were genotyped. For genotyping, DNA extracted from cell culture-derived tachyzoites was characterized by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using the genetic markers SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico. Genotyping revealed seven ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotypes, including 24 isolates for genotype #5 (haplogroup 12), four isolates for #2 (type III, haplogroup 3), three isolates for genotypes #1 (type II, haplogroup 2), two isolates for genotypes #3 (type II, haplogroup 2) and one isolate each for #39, #221 and #224. Genotype #5 was the most frequently isolated, accounting for 66.6% (24 of 36) of the isolates. Combining the 36 isolates from this study with previously reported 69 isolates from WTD, 15 genotypes have been identified. Among these, 50.4% (53/105) isolates belong to genotype #5. Our results indicate moderate genetic diversity of T. gondii in WTD. The results also indicate that undercooked venison should not be consumed by humans or fed to cats.

scholarly journals Taxonomic similarity does not predict necessary sample size for ex situ conservation: a comparison among five genera

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1926) ◽  
pp. 20200102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Hoban ◽  
Taylor Callicrate ◽  
John Clark ◽  
Susan Deans ◽  
Michael Dosmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Genus One

Effectively conserving biodiversity with limited resources requires scientifically informed and efficient strategies. Guidance is particularly needed on how many living plants are necessary to conserve a threshold level of genetic diversity in ex situ collections. We investigated this question for 11 taxa across five genera. In this first study analysing and optimizing ex situ genetic diversity across multiple genera, we found that the percentage of extant genetic diversity currently conserved varies among taxa from 40% to 95%. Most taxa are well below genetic conservation targets. Resampling datasets showed that ideal collection sizes vary widely even within a genus: one taxon typically required at least 50% more individuals than another (though Quercus was an exception). Still, across taxa, the minimum collection size to achieve genetic conservation goals is within one order of magnitude. Current collections are also suboptimal: they could remain the same size yet capture twice the genetic diversity with an improved sampling design. We term this deficiency the ‘genetic conservation gap’. Lastly, we show that minimum collection sizes are influenced by collection priorities regarding the genetic diversity target. In summary, current collections are insufficient (not reaching targets) and suboptimal (not efficiently designed), and we show how improvements can be made.

Patterns of genetic diversity that result from bottlenecks in Scots Pine and the implications for local genetic conservation and management practices in Bulgaria

New Forests ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krassimir D. Naydenov ◽  
Michel K. Naydenov ◽  
Francine Tremblay ◽  
Alexander Alexandrov ◽  
Louis Daniel Aubin-Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Conservation And Management

scholarly journals Management programs as a key factor for genetic conservation of small populations : The case of French local chicken breeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendal Restoux ◽  
Xavier Rognon ◽  
Agathe Vieaud ◽  
Daniel Guémené ◽  
Florence Petitjean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Sustainable Systems ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Integrated Programs ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Molecular Information

On-going climate change will drastically modify agriculture in the future, with a need for more sustainable systems, for animal production in particular. In this context, genetic diversity is a key factor for adaptation to new conditions: local breeds are likely to harbor unique adaptive features and represent a key component of diversity to reach resilience. Nevertheless, they are often suffering from small population size putting these valuable resources at risk of extinction. In chickens, management programs have been initiated a few decades ago in France, relying on a particular niche market aiming at promoting and protecting local breeds. We conducted a unique comprehensive study of 23 French local populations, along with 4 commercial lines, to evaluate their genetic conservation status and the efficiency of management programs. Using a 57K SNP chip we demonstrated that both between and within breeds genetic diversity were high in French populations. Diversity was mainly structured according to selection and breeds' history. Nevertheless, we observed a prominent sub-structuring of breeds according to farmer's practices in terms of exchange, leading to more or less isolated flocks. Analyzing demographic parameters as well as molecular information, we showed the efficiency of consistent management programs to conserve genetic diversity, since the earlier the breeds integrated programs the lower was the inbreeding. Finally we stressed that management programs can benefit from molecular markers and runs of homozygosity, ROH, in particular, as a valuable and affordable tool to monitor genetic diversity of local breeds which often lack pedigree information.

scholarly journals Horn and coat color varieties of the Hungarian grey cattle

2006 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Andrea Radácsi ◽  
Imre Bodó ◽  
Béla Béri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
The Moment

Due to the intensification of agricultural production, genetic diversity has been reduced to a large extent. Presently, in the period of worldwide genetic conservation, we try to preserve as much of the gene pool of our valuable indigenous domestic animal breeds as we can. Therefore, traits that have no economic value at the moment should also be conserved. The different horn and coat colour varieties of Hungarian Grey Cattle are such valuable traits. Research has been done on the largest Hungarian Grey Cattle stock, at the Hortobágy Kht. Rates of the different horn and coat colour varieties were determined and relationships were analyzed between the above mentioned qualitative traits

CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF BEEF CATTLE GENETIC RESOURCES IN JAPAN

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 65-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Obata ◽  
Masahiro Satoh ◽  
Hisato Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
View Point ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Current Utilization

SUMMARYThere are four cattle beef breeds in Japan: Japanese Black, Japanese Brawn, Japanese Poll and Japanese Shorthorn. These breeds were crossed with European breeds in the early 1900's. As a result of introducing European blood, Japanese beef cattle have an expanded and more diverse gene pool. Furthermore, both the breed used for crossing and the selection criteria employed varied significantly from prefecture to prefecture Consequently, a number of distinct strains have been established. At present, however, the genetic diversity is becoming increasingly concentrated around a limited number of strains noted for their superior meat quality. From the genetic conservation view point, it is necessary to stock minor strains by frozen semen and embryos for future domands of genetic resources. This paper discusses the conservation and current utilization of beef cattle genetic resources in Japan.

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