Advanced Materials Modelling for Mechanical, Medical and Biological Applications

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Materials Modelling

scholarly journals Mathematical modelling with experimental validation of viscoelastic properties in non-Newtonian fluids

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2172) ◽  
pp. 20190284 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Ionescu ◽  
I. R. Birs ◽  
D. Copot ◽  
C. I. Muresan ◽  
R. Caponetto
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Nonlinear Identification ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Materials Modelling ◽  
Fluid Properties

The paper proposes a mathematical framework for the use of fractional-order impedance models to capture fluid mechanics properties in frequency-domain experimental datasets. An overview of non-Newtonian (NN) fluid classification is given as to motivate the use of fractional-order models as natural solutions to capture fluid dynamics. Four classes of fluids are tested: oil, sugar, detergent and liquid soap. Three nonlinear identification methods are used to fit the model: nonlinear least squares, genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization. The model identification results obtained from experimental datasets suggest the proposed model is useful to characterize various degree of viscoelasticity in NN fluids. The advantage of the proposed model is that it is compact, while capturing the fluid properties and can be identified in real-time for further use in prediction or control applications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives’.

scholarly journals Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2172) ◽  
pp. 20200050
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Failla ◽  
Massimiliano Zingales
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Long Memory ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Fractional Operators ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Materials Modelling ◽  
Local Media ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Complex Phenomena

Fractional calculus is now a well-established tool in engineering science, with very promising applications in materials modelling. Indeed, several studies have shown that fractional operators can successfully describe complex long-memory and multiscale phenomena in materials, which can hardly be captured by standard mathematical approaches as, for instance, classical differential calculus. Furthermore, fractional calculus has recently proved to be an excellent framework for modelling non-conventional fractal and non-local media, opening valuable prospects on future engineered materials. The theme issue gathers cutting-edge theoretical, computational and experimental studies on advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus, with a focus on complex phenomena and non-conventional media. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives’.

Application of fractional calculus methods to viscoelastic behaviours of solid propellants

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2172) ◽  
pp. 20190291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changqing Fang ◽  
Xiaoyin Shen ◽  
Kuai He ◽  
Chao Yin ◽  
Shasha Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Relaxation Modulus ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Solid Propellants ◽  
Static Modulus ◽  
Materials Modelling ◽  
Viscoelastic Constitutive Model

A three-branch viscoelastic model based on fractional derivatives is proposed for the viscoelastic behaviours of solid propellants. The simulation results show a satisfactory agreement with the stress relaxation modulus and complex modulus of solid propellants. As a comparison, the static modulus is also characterized by traditional viscoelastic model with integer-order derivatives. Results show that the application of the fractional derivatives to the viscoelastic constitutive model can effectively reduce the number of the required parameters while giving an accurate prediction of viscoelastic behaviours of solid propellants. Moreover, a simple and effective direct search method based on simulated annealing and Powell's mothed is proposed for the data fitting. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives'.

Fractional-order modelling of epoxy resin

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2172) ◽  
pp. 20190292 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Tenreiro Machado ◽  
António M. Lopes ◽  
Rui de Camposinhos
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Materials Modelling ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Two Stages

This paper describes epoxy resins by means of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the mathematical tool of fractional calculus (FC). Two stages are considered: first, the EIS is used for testing the samples and, second, the measured data are approximated using integer and fractional order models. The FC-based modelling describes the epoxy resins using a small number of parameters that reflect their main characteristics. The EIS data gathered for the epoxies samples are compared with those of different adhesives and sealants by means of a hierarchical clustering algorithm that unravels the relationships between the distinct materials. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives’.

scholarly journals Reinforcing materials modelling by encoding the structures of defects in crystalline solids into distortion scores

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Goryaeva ◽  
Clovis Lapointe ◽  
Chendi Dai ◽  
Julien Dérès ◽  
Jean-Bernard Maillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Crystalline Solids ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Materials Modelling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract This work revises the concept of defects in crystalline solids and proposes a universal strategy for their characterization at the atomic scale using outlier detection based on statistical distances. The proposed strategy provides a generic measure that describes the distortion score of local atomic environments. This score facilitates automatic defect localization and enables a stratified description of defects, which allows to distinguish the zones with different levels of distortion within the structure. This work proposes applications for advanced materials modelling ranging from the surrogate concept for the energy per atom to the relevant information selection for evaluation of energy barriers from the mean force. Moreover, this concept can serve for design of robust interatomic machine learning potentials and high-throughput analysis of their databases. The proposed definition of defects opens up many perspectives for materials design and characterization, promoting thereby the development of novel techniques in materials science.

scholarly journals On the thermodynamical restrictions in isothermal deformations of fractional Burgers model

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2172) ◽  
pp. 20190278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodor M. Atanacković ◽  
Marko Janev ◽  
Stevan Pilipović
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Weak Form ◽  
Entropy Inequality ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Creep Function ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Burgers Model ◽  
Materials Modelling

We investigate, in the distributional setting, the restrictions on the constitutive equation for a fractional Burgers model of viscoelastic fluid that follow from the weak form of the entropy inequality under isothermal conditions. The results are generalized, from the Burgers model, to an arbitrary class of linear constitutive equations with fractional derivatives. Our results show that the restrictions obtained here on the coefficients of constitutive equations are weaker when compared with the restrictions obtained by Bagley–Torvik method. We show the precise relation between restrictions derived here and those derived by Bagley–Torvik. We deal with the creep test, for the case when Bagley–Torvik conditions are violated, and new conditions obtained in this work are satisfied. The results show a qualitative difference in the form of creep function. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives’.

Advanced materials modelling – E.U. perspectives

2009 ◽  
Vol 392 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samaras ◽  
M. Victoria ◽  
W. Hoffelner
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Materials Modelling

How SIMS microscopy can be used in medicine

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1602-1603
Author(s):  
Philippe Fragu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Chemical Integrity ◽  
Scientific Endeavour

The identification, localization and quantification of intracellular chemical elements is an area of scientific endeavour which has not ceased to develop over the past 30 years. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) microscopy is widely used for elemental localization problems in geochemistry, metallurgy and electronics. Although the first commercial instruments were available in 1968, biological applications have been gradual as investigators have systematically examined the potential source of artefacts inherent in the method and sought to develop strategies for the analysis of soft biological material with a lateral resolution equivalent to that of the light microscope. In 1992, the prospects offered by this technique are even more encouraging as prototypes of new ion probes appear capable of achieving the ultimate goal, namely the quantitative analysis of micron and submicron regions. The purpose of this review is to underline the requirements for biomedical applications of SIMS microscopy.Sample preparation methodology should preserve both the structural and the chemical integrity of the tissue.

Biomimetic materials: An introduction

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1020-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarikaya ◽  
J. T. Staley ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
All Ceramic

Biomimetics is an area of research in which the analysis of structures and functions of natural materials provide a source of inspiration for design and processing concepts for novel synthetic materials. Through biomimetics, it may be possible to establish structural control on a continuous length scale, resulting in superior structures able to withstand the requirements placed upon advanced materials. It is well recognized that biological systems efficiently produce complex and hierarchical structures on the molecular, micrometer, and macro scales with unique properties, and with greater structural control than is possible with synthetic materials. The dynamism of these systems allows the collection and transport of constituents; the nucleation, configuration, and growth of new structures by self-assembly; and the repair and replacement of old and damaged components. These materials include all-organic components such as spider webs and insect cuticles (Fig. 1); inorganic-organic composites, such as seashells (Fig. 2) and bones; all-ceramic composites, such as sea urchin teeth, spines, and other skeletal units (Fig. 3); and inorganic ultrafine magnetic and semiconducting particles produced by bacteria and algae, respectively (Fig. 4).

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