South Africa’s Place in Space: Towards a New Space Regulatory Framework

Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) generate both benefits and challenges for society. For example, ICTs augment social development and encourage equality and inclusivity. In addition, these technologies create a new space – that is, cyberspace. This space is separate from physical or offline space. The emergence of this space has resulted in regulators having difficulty establishing suitable regulations. The latter are regulations that understand the workings and dynamics of ICTs. Mostly, regulators adopt regulatory frameworks that are suitable for controlling physical or offline environments. These regulations accept, inter alia, that the source of regulating is the law or legal rules. In the main, regulators continuously re-invent the ICT regulatory wheel in the hope that, by chance, suitable ICT regulations will emerge or be found. Consequently, ICT regulations often exacerbate the existing ICT regulatory dilemma. This article examines an alternative approach to regulations that is external to the law or legal rules. The structure accepts that a proper ICT regulatory framework is one that understands the workings and dynamics of these technologies. Given this understanding, ICT regulations should be bound to the technology and be able to develop or evolve with it.

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Seti Space Missions

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100015372 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 761-776 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claudio Maccone

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Space Missions ◽

Gravitational Lens ◽

The Sun ◽

Space Antenna ◽

Focal Distance ◽

Large Space ◽

The Earth ◽

Space Antennas ◽

New Space

AbstractSETI from space is currently envisaged in three ways: i) by large space antennas orbiting the Earth that could be used for both VLBI and SETI (VSOP and RadioAstron missions), ii) by a radiotelescope inside the Saha far side Moon crater and an Earth-link antenna on the Mare Smythii near side plain. Such SETIMOON mission would require no astronaut work since a Tether, deployed in Moon orbit until the two antennas landed softly, would also be the cable connecting them. Alternatively, a data relay satellite orbiting the Earth-Moon Lagrangian pointL2would avoid the Earthlink antenna, iii) by a large space antenna put at the foci of the Sun gravitational lens: 1) for electromagnetic waves, the minimal focal distance is 550 Astronomical Units (AU) or 14 times beyond Pluto. One could use the huge radio magnifications of sources aligned to the Sun and spacecraft; 2) for gravitational waves and neutrinos, the focus lies between 22.45 and 29.59 AU (Uranus and Neptune orbits), with a flight time of less than 30 years. Two new space missions, of SETI interest if ET’s use neutrinos for communications, are proposed.

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Enhancement of food production quality: the truffle case

ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE ◽

10.3280/ecag2019-003002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 587-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Viganò ◽

Federico Gori ◽

Antonella Amicucci

Keyword(s):

Food Production ◽

Food Products ◽

Production Quality ◽

Regulatory Framework ◽

Marketing Literature

The central role of quality agri-food production in the promotion of a given territory is actually widely recognized by both the economic and marketing literature and the stakeholders involved in the enhancement process of rural systems. On this basis, this work analyzes one of the finest Italian agri-food products: the truffle. This work tries to point out the main problems characterizing the current regulatory framework, the trade and the production of the Italian truffle sector, emphasizing their causes, consequences and possible solutions.

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The applicability of the indicators proposed by the European and national regulatory framework to the Energy and Environmental Masterplan of the Sicilian Region.

ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT ◽

10.3280/efe2014-001007 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 145-166

Author(s):

Luana Filogamo

Keyword(s):

Regulatory Framework

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İngiltere’den Türkiye’ye ‘Düzensiz’ Göçmen Dövizi Gönderme Davranışının Nedenleri Üzerine Nitel Bir İnceleme

GÖÇ DERGİSİ ◽

10.33182/gd.v6i2.665 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 173-190

Author(s):

Fethiye Tilbe

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Host Country ◽

Regulatory Framework ◽

Face To Face ◽

Migrant Communities ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Main Determinants ◽

Money Transfers ◽

The Uk ◽

Migrant Groups

Bu makale, göçmen dövizi akımlarında “düzensizlik” olarak ifade ettiğimiz, Türkiye’ye resmi kanallar dışında gönderilen enformel göçmen dövizlerini, Birleşik Krallık’ta (özellikle Londra’da) yaşayan Türkiye kökenli göçmenler açısından incelemektedir. Her göçmen grubu, gerek ev sahibi ülkedeki düzenleyici çerçeve ve sosyo-ekonomik koşullar, gerek göçmen topluluğunun sosyo-kültürel değerleri tarafından belirlenen biçimde, farklı göçmen dövizi transfer biçimlerine eğilim sergilemektedir. Dolayısıyla farklı ülkelerdeki aynı kökenden göçmen toplulukları, ev sahibi ülkedeki dinamikler nedeniyle göçmen dövizlerinin formel ya da enformel (düzenli ya da düzensiz) gönderiminde farklılaşabilirken, aynı ülkedeki farklı ülke kökenli göçmen grupları da pek çok örüntünün etkisiyle farklı eğilim gösterebilmektedir. Nitel araştırma tasarımı kapsamında 27 göçmen ve 7 anahtar statüdeki katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilen yüz yüze görüşmelere dayalı olan bu çalışma, Birleşik Krallık’tan Türkiye’ye göçmen dövizi gönderimindeki düzensizlik olgusunu, her iki ülkenin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel dinamikleriyle ilişkilendirerek incelemeyi ve nedenlerini ortaya çıkarmayı amaç edinmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, göçmenlik statüsü, gönderilen para miktar ve sıklığı ile geleneksel ilişki ağlarına olan güvenin yanında, Birleşik Krallık’taki sosyal yardım ve çalışma biçimine ilişkinin düzenleyici çerçevenin ve göçmenlerin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarının Türkiye’ye enformel göçmen dövizi gönderiminde temel belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHA Qualitative Examination of Determinants of Remittances Sending Behaviour Among Immigrants from Turkey in the UKThis article examines the causes of irregularity in remittances flows from the United Kingdom (UK) to Turkey, from the perspective of migrants from Turkey living in the UK. Each group of migrants prefers different types of remittance sending methods, as determined by the regulatory framework and socio-economic conditions in the host country and the socio-cultural values of the migrant community. Therefore, migrant communities of the same origin in different countries may differ in using formal or informal sending methods of remittances due to the dynamics in the host country. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of irregularities in sending remittances by associating with the social, economic and cultural dynamics of both countries. For this purpose, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 immigrants and 7 key status participants by using qualitative research method. The obtained results reveal that the regulatory framework relating to social assistance and labour market in the UK, immigration status, the frequency and the amount of money sent and confidence in traditional relationship networks is the main determinants of informal money transfers to Turkey.

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