İngiltere’den Türkiye’ye ‘Düzensiz’ Göçmen Dövizi Gönderme Davranışının Nedenleri Üzerine Nitel Bir İnceleme

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-190
Author(s):  
Fethiye Tilbe
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Money Transfers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Migrant Groups

Bu makale, göçmen dövizi  akımlarında “düzensizlik” olarak ifade ettiğimiz, Türkiye’ye resmi kanallar dışında gönderilen enformel  göçmen dövizlerini, Birleşik Krallık’ta (özellikle Londra’da) yaşayan Türkiye kökenli göçmenler açısından incelemektedir. Her göçmen grubu, gerek ev sahibi ülkedeki düzenleyici çerçeve ve sosyo-ekonomik koşullar, gerek göçmen topluluğunun sosyo-kültürel değerleri tarafından belirlenen biçimde, farklı göçmen dövizi transfer biçimlerine eğilim sergilemektedir. Dolayısıyla farklı ülkelerdeki aynı kökenden göçmen toplulukları, ev sahibi ülkedeki dinamikler nedeniyle göçmen dövizlerinin formel ya da enformel (düzenli ya da düzensiz) gönderiminde farklılaşabilirken, aynı ülkedeki farklı ülke kökenli göçmen grupları da pek çok örüntünün etkisiyle farklı eğilim gösterebilmektedir. Nitel araştırma tasarımı kapsamında 27 göçmen ve 7 anahtar statüdeki katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilen yüz yüze görüşmelere dayalı olan bu çalışma, Birleşik Krallık’tan Türkiye’ye göçmen dövizi gönderimindeki düzensizlik olgusunu, her iki ülkenin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel dinamikleriyle ilişkilendirerek incelemeyi ve nedenlerini ortaya çıkarmayı amaç edinmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, göçmenlik statüsü, gönderilen para miktar ve sıklığı ile geleneksel ilişki ağlarına olan güvenin yanında, Birleşik Krallık’taki sosyal yardım ve çalışma biçimine ilişkinin düzenleyici çerçevenin ve göçmenlerin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarının Türkiye’ye enformel göçmen dövizi gönderiminde temel belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHA Qualitative Examination of Determinants of Remittances Sending Behaviour Among Immigrants from Turkey in the UKThis article examines the causes of irregularity in remittances flows from the United Kingdom (UK) to Turkey, from the perspective of migrants from Turkey living in the UK. Each group of migrants prefers different types of remittance sending methods, as determined by the regulatory framework and socio-economic conditions in the host country and the socio-cultural values of the migrant community. Therefore, migrant communities of the same origin in different countries may differ in using formal or informal sending methods of remittances due to the dynamics in the host country. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of irregularities in sending remittances by associating with the social, economic and cultural dynamics of both countries. For this purpose, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 immigrants and 7 key status participants by using qualitative research method. The obtained results reveal that the regulatory framework relating to social assistance and labour market in the UK, immigration status, the frequency and the amount of money sent and confidence in traditional relationship networks is the main determinants of informal money transfers to Turkey.

Private Dentistry after COVID-19 – A Clinician’s Personal Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk

Face to face dental care in the UK was largely suspended from March until June and beyond is very limited still in many cases. Both NHS and Private dental services in the four nations of the United Kingdom aligned with the government in lockdown and dental emergencies could be accessed face to face in specific urgent centres only (UDC’s). Return to dental practice has been challenging for the profession with a lack of clarity from regulators and a gulf between financial support of private practice (almost none) and National Health practice (at 100% of their contact value pre-COVID). Dramatic changes to the provision of dental care are likely to persist and the COVID crisis may precipitate significant change to both private and NHS dental services.

scholarly journals 42 An Analysis of Virtual Fracture Clinics in Orthopaedic Trauma in the UK During the Coronavirus Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Rhind ◽  
E Ramhamadany ◽  
R Collins ◽  
S Govilkar ◽  
D Dass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Virtual Fracture Clinic ◽  
British Orthopaedic Association

Abstract Aim Virtual Fracture Clinics (VFC) are advocated by new Orthopaedic (British Orthopaedic Association) and National Health Service (NHS) guidelines in the United Kingdom. We discuss benefits and limitations, reviewing the literature. As well as recommendations on introducing a VFC service during the Coronavirus pandemic and into the future. Method A narrative review identifying current literature on virtual fracture clinic outcomes when compared to traditional model fracture clinics in the UK. We identify 9 relevant publications related to VFC. Results The Glasgow Model initiated in 2011 has become the benchmark. Clinical efficiency can be improved, reducing the number of ED referrals seen in VFC by 15%-28% and face to face consultations by 65%. 33-60% of patients may be discharged after review in the VFC. Some studies have shown no negative impact on the Emergency Department (ED), the time to discharge was not increased. Patients satisfaction ranges from 91%-97% using a VFC service, and there may be cost saving benefits annually from £67,385-£212,705. Non-attendance may be reduced by 75% and there are educational opportunities for trainees. However, evidence is limited, 28% of patients prefer face-to-face consultations and not all have access to internet or email (72%). Conclusions We propose a pathway integrating the VFC model, whilst having Senior Orthopaedic decision makers available in ED, during normal working hours, to cope with the pandemic. Beyond the pandemic, evidence suggests the Glasgow model is viable for day-to-day practice.

scholarly journals Managing Multiplicity: Adult Children of Post-Independence Nigerians and Belonging in Britain

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-323
Author(s):  
Julie Botticello
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Uk

Migration remains a contentious and divisive topic, particularly with the rise of xenophobia and far right ideologies, which seek to demonize migrants as neither belonging nor welcome in the host society. This reduction leaves the realities of postcolonial migrants as misunderstood and misrepresented. Particularly misunderstood are the children of post-colonial migrants, who were born and raised in the UK by families seeking to better themselves in the ‘Mother land,’ while also aiming to maintain connectivity to traditions and practices from homelands. For some children born in the UK to Nigerian émigrés, family crises precipitated the need for alternative care arrangements, entailing recourse to fostering, boarding schools, or institutional care for periods of time during childhood. Conflicts between British society’s and parents’ cultural values, overt racism and hostility from host society, and differential experiences of extra-family care have impressed upon these children, now adults, both their multiple exclusions and potential belongings. As a result of their traumatic experiences, these adults, now in their 50s and 60s, embody multiculturalism in their abilities to embrace, navigate, and endure in a host country that expresses unwillingness at best and outright hostility at worst toward their presence as UK nationals and progeny of the project of Empire. While continuing to be framed by harsh micro- and macro-conditions, these adult children reveal that belonging can be self-determined through choices on how and with whom they choose to live and grow.

scholarly journals Regulatory framework for civil aviation between the EU and the UK after Brexit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maroš Vereš ◽  
◽  
Anna Tomová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

This paper deals with the topic of Brexit, and its objective is a complex description of the new regulatory framework of civil air transport in United Kingdom. The methods like description, analysis and synpaper were applied on extensive and diverse sources of information, e.g. case laws, regulations, studies or expert articles. The paper introduces a comprehensive set of facts that clarify the act of withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. The explanation of the new regulatory framework of civil air transport for the United Kingdom, and its impact on the United Kingdom and the European Union, brings contribution to the students of Department of Air Transport. The significance of the work is mainly in the timeliness of the topic, that could subsequently be used as an educational material in the field of air transport within the international economic relations.

scholarly journals Post-migration acquisition of HIV: Estimates from four European countries, 2007 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (33) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yin ◽  
Alison E Brown ◽  
Brian D Rice ◽  
Gaetano Marrone ◽  
Anders Sönnerborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
The Uk

Background The assumption that migrants acquire human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) before migration, particularly those from high prevalence areas, is common. Aim We assessed the place of HIV acquisition of migrants diagnosed in four European countries using surveillance data. Methods Using CD4+ T-cell count trajectories modelled to account for seroconversion bias, we estimated infection year of newly HIV-diagnosed migrants residing in the United Kingdom (UK), Belgium, Sweden and Italy with a known arrival year and CD4+ T-cell count at diagnosis. Multivariate analyses identified predictors for post-migration acquisition. Results Between 2007 and 2016, migrants constituted 56% of people newly diagnosed with HIV in the UK, 62% in Belgium, 72% in Sweden and 29% in Italy. Of 23,595 migrants included, 60% were born in Africa and 70% acquired HIV heterosexually. An estimated 9,400 migrants (40%; interquartile range (IQR): 34–59) probably acquired HIV post-migration. This proportion was similar by risk group, sex and region of birth. Time since migration was a strong predictor of post-migration HIV acquisition: 91% (IQR: 87–95) among those arriving 10 or more years prior to diagnosis; 30% (IQR: 21–37) among those 1–5 years prior. Younger age at arrival was a predictor: 15–18 years (81%; IQR: 74–86), 19–25 years (53%; IQR: 45–63), 26–35 years (37%; IQR: 30–46) and 36 years and older (25%; IQR: 21–33). Conclusions Migrants, regardless of origin, sex and exposure to HIV are at risk of acquiring HIV post-migration to Europe. Alongside accessible HIV testing, prevention activities must target migrant communities.

scholarly journals Cardiffians’ perceptions of English in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Betsy E. Evans ◽  
Matthew Dunbar ◽  
Nicole Chartier
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceptual Dialectology ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Travel Experience ◽  
Dialect Variation ◽  
Composite Maps ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Face Exposure

AbstractThis Perceptual Dialectology (PD) study asked residents of Cardiff, Wales, about their perceptions of English in the United Kingdom (UK). In addition, because face to face exposure to dialect variation has rarely been included as a variable in PD studies, participants were asked about their travel experience to ascertain whether this might influence their responses to a PD map task. Participants’ responses to the map task were analyzed using ArcGIS to create composite maps. Results show that these Cardiffians perceive “dialect or regional” speech boundaries to be located around major cities in England and Wales but also southwest Wales. Composite maps and polygon counts suggest that the more traveled respondents have a more nuanced perception of dialect regions than those who claim to travel less, suggesting that travel experience may influence PD participants’ responses to map tasks.

scholarly journals An analysis of virtual fracture clinics in orthopaedic trauma in the UK during the coronavirus crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 442-448
Author(s):  
John-Henry Rhind ◽  
Eamon Ramhamadany ◽  
Ruaraidh Collins ◽  
Siddharth Govilkar ◽  
Debashis Dass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Virtual Fracture Clinic ◽  
British Orthopaedic Association

Virtual fracture clinics (VFC) are advocated by new orthopaedic (British Orthopaedic Association) and National Health Service (NHS) guidelines in the United Kingdom. We discuss benefits and limitations, reviewing the literature, as well as recommendations on introducing a VFC service during the coronavirus pandemic and into the future. A narrative review identifying current literature on virtual fracture clinic outcomes when compared to traditional model fracture clinics in the UK. We identify nine relevant publications related to VFC. The Glasgow model, initiated in 2011, has become the benchmark. Clinical efficiency can be improved, reducing the number of emergency department (ED) referrals seen in VFC by 15–28% and face-to-face consultations by 65%. After review in the VFC, 33–60% of patients may be discharged. Some studies have shown no negative impact on the ED; the time to discharge was not increased. Patient satisfaction ranges from 91–97% using a VFC service, and there may be cost-saving benefits annually of £67,385 to £212,705. Non-attendance may be reduced by 75% and there are educational opportunities for trainees. However, evidence is limited; 28% of patients prefer face-to-face consultations and not all have access to internet or email (72%). We propose a pathway integrating the VFC model, whilst having senior orthopaedic decision makers available in the ED, during normal working hours, to cope with the pandemic. Beyond the pandemic, evidence suggests the Glasgow model is viable for day-to-day practice. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:442-448. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200041

scholarly journals 417 COVID-19 and the Return to Head and Neck Outpatient Activity in The United Kingdom: What Is the New Normal?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Jaikaransingh ◽  
S Bola ◽  
S Winter
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background We aim to investigate current head and neck outpatient practices across the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A cross-sectional study comprising of an online 20-item survey was emailed to members of the British Association of Head and Neck Oncologists (BAHNO). Topics covered included safety measures, protective equipment used and protocols around the use of flexible nasendoscopy (FNE) in clinic. Results 117 participants completed the survey covering 66 Trusts across the UK. There was a significant reduction in face-to-face clinic patients compared to pre-pandemic numbers. Room down-time after FNE ranged from 0-6 hours and there was a significant increase in allocated down-time after the patient had coughed or sneezed. Natural ventilation existed in 36% of clinics and the majority of responders didn’t know the calculated Air Change Per Hour (ACPH) of the room (77%). Where ACPH was known, it often did not match the allocated room down-time. Conclusions Adaptations are being made across the UK to maintain staff and patient safety, but more can still be done by liaising with hospital infectious diseases and the hospital estates team to clarify outpatient protocols.Outpatient activity will likely remain limited and alternative strategies will need to develop to manage the backlog in face-to-face clinics.

Do multinational subsidiaries demonstrate a convergence across their HRM practices in a less developed host-country?

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1066-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Tutu Ayentimi ◽  
John Burgess ◽  
Kantha Dayaram
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
International Hrm ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Cross Case Analysis ◽  
Mne Subsidiaries

Purpose Using an institutionalist perspective, and through a case study analysis, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether subsidiaries of MNEs demonstrate a convergence across their HRM practices in a less developed host-country context. Design/methodology/approach This paper reports on an exploratory qualitative study involving five MNEs subsidiaries that operate in Ghana and originate from the UK, France, Germany, and India. The authors applied thematic and cross-case analysis techniques to explore similarities and differences in their HRM practices by drawing data from in-depth face-to-face interviews and document analyses. Findings Findings suggest that MNE subsidiaries demonstrate more convergence across their HRM practices as well as other HRM characteristics. Despite the similarities in their HRM practices, the evidence suggests that MNE subsidiaries’ HRM practices were similar to corporate headquarters HRM practices. It appears that the host-country has less influence in driving their convergence but rather the country-of-origin effect; competitive isomorphic pressure and global integration benefits were driving their convergence across their HRM practices. Originality/value This study makes a contribution to the convergence-divergence literature in the international HRM (IHRM) domain with specific focus on addressing an under-researched context of less developed host-countries. One of the puzzles in comparative and IHRM literature yet to be resolved is the convergence-divergence thesis of firms’ HRM practices.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on surgical services in a District General Hospital in the United Kingdom: benefits versus drawbacks

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Islam H. El-Abbassy ◽  
Hesham El-Hakim ◽  
Mei Kei Wong ◽  
Robert McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Remote Consultation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Surgical Services ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Background: COVID-19 outbreak led to significant changes in health services worldwide. This study aimed to assess the impact of this outbreak on the surgical services in a small District General Hospital and to highlight any benefits that we can take forward.Methods: Data were collected retrospectively comparing the surgical service activity during the two months (April and May 2020) around the peak of COVID-19 first wave in the UK and the similar two-month period the year before when activity was at its usual pre-COVID level. A short questionnaire on the use and satisfaction of remote consultation was circulated to all hospital consultants.Results: The total number of patients presenting to the emergency department in all specialities almost halved during the COVID-19 crisis. The number of emergency surgical admissions decreased. All elective lists were cancelled and more patients were managed conservatively. In April and May 2020, 156 patients had outpatient surgical consultations. Only 14 of them were face-to-face, whereas the rest were done either by telephone or video calls. This is compared to 472 patients who had face-to-face consultations in April and May 2019. The results of the questionnaire showed that over 90% of the consultants felt telemedicine consultations were satisfactory and that they would have an important role in the future.Conclusions: COVID-19 had serious impacts on surgical services regarding cancellation of elective lists and prolongation of waiting time. Despite these drawbacks, the increased confidence with telemedicine services was a significant benefit. 

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