scholarly journals Technology as Terrorism: Police Control Technologies and Drone Warfare

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jessica Wolfendale
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
State Violence ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Moral Exclusion ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Drone Warfare ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Police Control ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDebates about terrorism and technology often focus on the potential uses of technology by non-state terrorist actors and by states as forms of counterterrorism. Yet, little has been written about how technology shapes how we think about terrorism. In this Chapter I argue that technology, and the language we use to talk about technology, constrains and shapes our moral understanding of the nature, scope, and impact of terrorism, particularly in relation to state terrorism. After exploring the ways in which technology shapes moral thinking, I use two case studies to demonstrate how technology simultaneously hides and enables terrorist forms of state violence: police control technologies and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones. In both these cases, I argue that features of these technologies, combined with a narrative of precision and efficiency, masks the terrorist nature of the violence that these practices inflict and reinforces the moral exclusion of those against whom these technologies are deployed. In conclusion, I propose that identifying acts of terrorism requires a focus on the impact of technologies of violence (whether they are “high tech” or not) on those most affected, regardless of whether users of these technologies conceive of their actions as terrorist.

scholarly journals Review of Some Applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Technology in the Resource-Rich Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10171
Author(s):  
Ravil Mukhamediev ◽  
Adilkhan Symagulov ◽  
Yan Kuchin ◽  
Elena Zaitseva ◽  
Alma Bekbotayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Impact

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in various spheres of human activity is a promising direction for countries with very different types of economies. This statement refers to resource-rich economies as well. The peculiarities of such countries are associated with the dependence on resource prices since their economies present low diversification. Therefore, the employment of new technologies is one of the ways of increasing the sustainability of such economy development. In this context, the use of UAVs is a prospect direction, since they are relatively cheap, reliable, and their use does not require a high-tech background. The most common use of UAVs is associated with various types of monitoring tasks. In addition, UAVs can be used for organizing communication, search, cargo delivery, field processing, etc. Using additional elements of artificial intelligence (AI) together with UAVs helps to solve the problems in automatic or semi-automatic mode. Such UAV is named intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle technology (IUAVT), and its employment allows increasing the UAV-based technology efficiency. However, in order to adapt IUAVT in the sectors of economy, it is necessary to overcome a range of limitations. The research is devoted to the analysis of opportunities and obstacles to the adaptation of IUAVT in the economy. The possible economic effect is estimated for Kazakhstan as one of the resource-rich countries. The review consists of three main parts. The first part describes the IUAVT application areas and the tasks it can solve. The following areas of application are considered: precision agriculture, the hazardous geophysical processes monitoring, environmental pollution monitoring, exploration of minerals, wild animals monitoring, technical and engineering structures monitoring, and traffic monitoring. The economic potential is estimated by the areas of application of IUAVT in Kazakhstan. The second part contains the review of the technical, legal, and software-algorithmic limitations of IUAVT and modern approaches aimed at overcoming these limitations. The third part—discussion—comprises the consideration of the impact of these limitations and unsolved tasks of the IUAVT employment in the areas of activity under consideration, and assessment of the overall economic effect.

Specifics and Actors of the Drone Warfare

2021 ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Natalia Balakleets
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Drone Warfare ◽  
The One ◽  
Modern War

The article reveals the features of modern military conflicts waged with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones). Author traces the transformation of identity of fighters participating in high-tech wars. While the identity of combatants in conventional wars can be described with “killing- being killed” structure, post-heroic drone warfare leads to the formation of a split identity: on the one hand, a combatant reliably protected from mortal risks and threats, on the other hand, his defenseless victim. Author also studies the features of panoptic surveillance carried out with the drones. It is shown that modern war is entering the phase of unprecedented asymmetric confrontation, which cannot be overcome solely by technical means.

Organizational-economic mechanism of regional development of high-tech engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
M. S. Abrashkin
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a study on the assessment of the impact of science-intensive machine building on the development of the regional economy and increasing its competitiveness. Based on the analysis of foreign sources, a theoretical justification was given for increasing the regional competitiveness of the economy. The tools of regional support of enterprises of science-intensive machine building and the model of the organizational and economic mechanism for regional development of science-intensive machine building were proposed. It has been proven that the development of science-intensive machine building influences the competitiveness of the region. 

Impacts of separate rejection water treatment on the overall plant performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wett ◽  
J. Alex
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Total N ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Innovative Tool ◽  
The Impact

A separate rejection water treatment appears as a high-tech unit process which might be recommendable only for specific cases of an upgrading of an existing wastewater treatment plant. It is not the issue of this paper to consider a specific separate treatment process itself but to investigate the influence of such a process on the overall plant performance. A plant-wide model has been applied as an innovative tool to evaluate effects of the implemented sidestream strategy on the mainstream treatment. The model has been developed in the SIMBA environment and combines acknowledged mathematical descriptions of the activated sludge process (ASM1) and the anaerobic mesophilic digestion (Siegrist model). The model's calibration and validation was based on data from 5 years of operating experience of a full-scale rejection water treatment. The impact on the total N-elimination efficiency is demonstrated by detailed nitrogen mass flow schemes including the interactions between the wastewater and the sludge lane. Additionally limiting conditions due to dynamic N-return loads are displayed by the model's state variables.

scholarly journals The Impact of CSR on the Capital Structure of High-Tech Companies in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5467
Author(s):  
Barbara Grabinska ◽  
Dorota Kedzior ◽  
Marcin Kedzior ◽  
Konrad Grabinski
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Capital Structure

So far, CSR’s role in the high-tech industry is not fully explained by academic research, especially concerning the most burdensome obstacle to firms’ growth: acquiring debt financing. The paper aims to solve this puzzle and investigate whether young high-tech companies can attract more debt by engaging in CSR activity. To address the high-tech industry specificity, we divided CSR-reporting practice into three broad categories: employee, social, and environmental and analyzed their impact on the capital structure. Our sample consists of 92 firm-year observations covering the period 2014–2018. Using a regression method, we found out that only employee CSR plays a statistically significant role in shaping capital structure. We did not find evidence for the influence of the other types of CSR-reporting practices. The results suggest that employees are the key resource of high-tech companies, and, for this reason, they are at the management’s focus. This fact is visible at the financial reporting level and, as we interpret results, is also considered by credit providers. In a more general way, our results suggest that firms tend to choose CSR based on the importance of crucial resources.

scholarly journals The Role of Internal Control in Firms’ Coping with the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6294
Author(s):  
Peiqing Zhu ◽  
Jianbo Song
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Firm Heterogeneity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Risk Prevention ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Internal control plays a role in risk prevention for firms when dealing with serious emergencies, which ensures the sustainable development of firms during a crisis. Based on the rapid outbreak of COVID-19 in China, this paper empirically tests whether internal control alleviates the negative impact of the pandemic on firm performance. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms from the first quarter of 2019 to the third quarter of 2020 and employing the difference-in-difference (DID) method, we find that the firms with a higher quality of internal control achieve better financial performance during the pandemic period; the more serious the pandemic is, the more obvious effect internal control plays. Furthermore, we consider the industry heterogeneity and firm heterogeneity of the risk resistance effect of internal control. In the manufacturing industry, which is a “disaster zone” of the pandemic, and the non-high-tech industry with a low degree of digitization, internal control can play a more important role in firms’ performance. Moreover, for state-owned enterprises, and firms with strong financing constraints, the role of internal control is more prominent. The above results provide empirical evidence for the risk prevention function of internal control and shed new light on the measures for firms to resist emergencies in the future.

Leadership, Innovation Among Tunisian ICT SMEs

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 283-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondes Kacem ◽  
Sana El Harbi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations ◽  
The Impact

Currently, innovation is a major challenge in emerging economies such as Tunisia. Although the influence of leadership seems evident in the implementation of innovations, few studies have investigated this impact; especially for SMEs in the ICT sector. For this purpose, we propose to highlight the impact of leadership on the implementation of innovations in SMEs through exploratory qualitative study of five small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the high-tech sector in Tunisia, to understand the management styles of the chief executive officers (CEOs) and their motivations towards innovative activities. The results of this investigation show that the style of leadership in the ICT sector is both participative and transformational. Only organizational innovation has been detected. Collaborative work and group cohesion are the major cultural aspects of innovation. Items from this exploration allows us to clarify aspects of three basic concepts that make up our conceptual model (leadership, culture of innovation, and innovations) for testing later under a quantitative study by the method of structural equation modeling.

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