Zero-preserving imputation of single-cell RNA-seq data

A key challenge in analyzing single cell RNA-sequencing data is the large number of false zeros, where genes actually expressed in a given cell are incorrectly measured as unexpressed. We present a method based on low-rank matrix approximation which imputes these values while preserving biologically non-expressed genes (true biological zeros) at zero expression levels. We provide theoretical justification for this denoising approach and demonstrate its advantages relative to other methods on simulated and biological datasets.

Theoretical Justification of Coating Adhesion during Gas-Thermal Spraying

The article provides a brief overview of modern methods of thermal spraying. Particular attention is paid to high-speed flame spraying. The theoretical substantiation of the adhesion of coatings formed on machine parts using the methods of thermal spraying is presented.

Inhibition of N-type calcium ion channels by tricyclic antidepressants – experimental and theoretical justification for their use for neuropathic pain

A number of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly prescribed off-label for the treatment of neuropathic pain. The blockade of neuronal calcium ion channels is often invoked to partially explain the...

Latent-Insensitive Autoencoders for Anomaly Detection

Reconstruction-based approaches to anomaly detection tend to fall short when applied to complex datasets with target classes that possess high inter-class variance. Similar to the idea of self-taught learning used in transfer learning, many domains are rich with similar unlabeled datasets that could be leveraged as a proxy for out-of-distribution samples. In this paper we introduce the latent-insensitive autoencoder (LIS-AE) where unlabeled data from a similar domain are utilized as negative examples to shape the latent layer (bottleneck) of a regular autoencoder such that it is only capable of reconstructing one task. We provide theoretical justification for the proposed training process and loss functions along with an extensive ablation study highlighting important aspects of our model. We test our model in multiple anomaly detection settings presenting quantitative and qualitative analysis showcasing the significant performance improvement of our model for anomaly detection tasks.

FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL READINESS OF FUTURE COACHES IN THE PROCESS OF INTERNSHIP

The modern view on formation of readiness of future trainers for professional activity in the course of passing of industrial practice is characterized. The structure of the coach’s readiness for future professional activity as a set of motivational, cognitive, activity, creative and reflective components is substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the fact that from today’s standpoint it is important to develop new approaches to the content and organization of industrial practice, which stimulate student activity to master professionally oriented knowledge, skills and abilities.It is shown that there is a need for theoretical justification of the form, content (diagnostic, organizational, communicative and motivational functions) and structure of production practice, as a necessary condition for the formation of readiness of future coaches for professional activity.

Risk-Oriented Approach in the Implementation of Control and Supervision Activities: Theoretical Justification and Problems of Application

The article discusses the theoretical justification of the risk-based approach in the implementation of state control and supervision, and also highlights the problems of the practical use of this approach in the context of the reform of control and supervision activities. The author compares the positions regarding the risk category in economic and legal studies, justifies the growing interest in the use of risk technologies in public administration. An analysis of the use of the risk category in the legal and regulatory field allows us to distinguish two positions in relation to risk: risk as a possible occurrence of an event that has a negative effect, and risk as the probability of its occurrence. The risk institute belongs to the general theory of law and at the same time finds development in industry research. In modern conditions, the law is inherent in the task of preventing, overcoming and minimizing risks in various areas of social reality with their simultaneous recognition and assumption. The author considers the evolution of the application of the risk management system in the implementation of customs and tax control, substantiates the transformation of its interpretation. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the risk-based approach in relation to the system of state control and supervision should be interpreted as the principle of a modern system of state control and supervision; the condition of its selectivity and sufficiency; means of reducing the administrative burden on the controlled sphere; a means of stimulating the controlled sphere in a given direction and a modern method of organizing and implementing state control and supervision. Narrow and broad approaches in positioning risks in the implementation of state control and supervision are highlighted. In the first case, risk is understood as the probability of non-compliance with mandatory requirements. A broad approach involves two factors: the likelihood of non-compliance and the consequences of such non-compliance. A characteristic is given to such characteristics of a risk-based approach in the implementation of state control and supervision: staging, agile, stimulating the preventive component of state control and supervision, the development of interagency cooperation, the connection with the digitalization of control and surveillance activities. The following are identified as the problems of applying the risk-based approach in the implementation of state control and supervision: the problems of developing and using criteria for the risk categorization of controlled persons, correlating these criteria with indicators of the effectiveness and efficiency of control and supervision activities; lack of correlation between control and supervisory procedures and proceedings on administrative offenses; the problem of using the category of good faith in the implementation of control and supervision activities and others. Solving the identified problems will improve the effectiveness of state control and supervision in modern conditions.

Invariant Component of Development of Targeted Programs for Formation of Russian Identity n Educational Organizations

The article presents the author’s theoretical justification for the need to develop targeted programs for the formation of Russian identity in educational organizations. At the same time, taking as a given the multicultural nature of Russian society, the author seeks to determine the invariant part of such programs. The purpose of the article is to determine the invariant component of the development of targeted programs for the formation of Russian identity in educational organizations. The methodology was compiled by sociocultural and systemic approaches to the analysis of pedagogical phenomena and based on the main non-pedagogical concepts of the identity of foreign and domestic researchers. The leading methods were analyze, generalization, interpretation of the results of philosophical, sociological, psychological and pedagogical research, mass and author pedagogical practice, modeling individual positions of the concept of the pedagogical process of forming the Russian personality identity. Attention is drawn to the fact that modern pedagogy (if it wants to be modern) is fundamentally important to determine the set of pedagogically significant ha-racterists of Russian identity, which will allow you to design the pedagogical process of its formation and indicate pedagogical permissible means and possible risks of its scientific and methodological support. The interdependence and mutual influence of the processes of development (main) and formation (accompanying) leads to objective limitations of pedagogical interventions. In order to improve the professional detail of pedagogical teams within the framework of the formation of the Russian identity of students, the structure of the modular program for the formation of Russian identity in educational organizations is proposed for discussion.

Determination of hydraulic resistance of channels using spectral geometry methods

In this paper, we propose a new method for calculation of hydraulic resistance of channels with constant cross-section. The method is based on the obtained estimates for the average energy dissipation rate in a turbulent flow. The first part of the paper is devoted to theoretical justification of the method. The second part is devoted to calculation of hydraulic resistance of various channels using the abovementioned method and comparison of these values with the known results. The proposed method allows for calculation of hydraulic resistance of various channels with sufficiently high accuracy and is based only on the information about the channel geometry.