Heavy-Metal-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Phytotoxicity and Physicochemical Changes in Plants

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Bertrand Pourrut ◽  
Camille Dumat ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Physicochemical Changes

SbMYB15 transcription factor mitigates cadmium and nickel stress in transgenic tobacco by limiting uptake and modulating antioxidative defence system

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal K. Sapara ◽  
Jackson Khedia ◽  
Parinita Agarwal ◽  
Doddabhimappa R. Gangapur ◽  
Pradeep K. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Transcript Expression ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Salicornia Brachiata

Plants require different inorganic minerals in an appropriate amount for growth; however, imbalance can limit growth and productivity. Heavy metal accumulation causes toxicity and generates signalling crosstalk with reactive oxygen species (ROS), phytohormones, genes and transcription factors (TFs). The MYB (myeloblastoma) TFs participate in plant processes such as metabolism, development, cell fate, hormone pathways and responses to stresses. This is the first report towards characterisation of R2R3-type MYB TF, SbMYB15, from succulent halophyte Salicornia brachiata Roxb. for heavy metal tolerance. The SbMYB15 showed >5-fold increased transcript expression in the presence of CdCl2 and NiCl2•6H2O. The constitutive overexpression of SbMYB15 conferred cadmium and nickel tolerance in transgenic tobacco, with improved growth and chlorophyll content. Further, the transgenics showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species (H2O2 and O2•−) as compared with the wild-type (WT) with both Cd2+ and Ni2+ stress. Transgenics also showed low uptake of heavy metal ions, increased scavenging activity of the antioxidative enzymes (CAT and SOD) and higher transcript expression of antioxidative genes (CAT1 and MnSOD). Thus, the present study signifies that SbMYB15 can be deployed for developing heavy metal tolerance in crop plants via genetic engineering.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Enhances Cytotoxicity of Lead by Modulating the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Is Involved in the Regulation of Pb2+ and Ca2+ Fluxes in Tobacco BY-2 Cells

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaye Wu ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Ruizhi Hao ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Xiaoyi Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Calcium Homeostasis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
In Cells

Lead is a heavy metal known to be toxic to both animals and plants. Nitric oxide (NO) was reported to participate in plant responses to different heavy metal stresses. In this study, we analyzed the function of exogenous and endogenous NO in Pb-induced toxicity in tobacco BY-2 cells, focusing on the role of NO in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as Pb2+ and Ca2+ fluxes using non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT). Pb treatment induced BY-2 cell death and rapid NO and ROS generation, while NO burst occurred earlier than ROS accumulation. The elimination of NO by 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO) resulted in a decrease of ROS, and the supplementation of NO by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) caused an increased accumulation of ROS. Furthermore, the addition of exogenous NO stimulated Pb2+ influx, thus promoting Pb uptake in cells and aggravating Pb-induced toxicity in cells, whereas the removal of endogenous NO produced the opposite effect. Moreover, we also found that both exogenous and endogenous NO enhanced Pb-induced Ca2+ effluxes and calcium homeostasis disorder. These results suggest that exogenous and endogenous NO played a critical regulatory role in BY-2 cell death induced by Pb stress by promoting Pb2+ influx and accumulation and disturbing calcium homeostasis.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanism of Heavy Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants: Central Role of Glutathione in Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species and Methylglyoxal and in Heavy Metal Chelation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Anwar Hossain ◽  
Pukclai Piyatida ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Masayuki Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glyoxalase System

Heavy metal (HM) toxicity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to hazardous effects in plants. A common consequence of HM toxicity is the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG), both of which can cause peroxidation of lipids, oxidation of protein, inactivation of enzymes, DNA damage and/or interact with other vital constituents of plant cells. Higher plants have evolved a sophisticated antioxidant defense system and a glyoxalase system to scavenge ROS and MG. In addition, HMs that enter the cell may be sequestered by amino acids, organic acids, glutathione (GSH), or by specific metal-binding ligands. Being a central molecule of both the antioxidant defense system and the glyoxalase system, GSH is involved in both direct and indirect control of ROS and MG and their reaction products in plant cells, thus protecting the plant from HM-induced oxidative damage. Recent plant molecular studies have shown that GSH by itself and its metabolizing enzymes—notably glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II—act additively and coordinately for efficient protection against ROS- and MG-induced damage in addition to detoxification, complexation, chelation and compartmentation of HMs. The aim of this review is to integrate a recent understanding of physiological and biochemical mechanisms of HM-induced plant stress response and tolerance based on the findings of current plant molecular biology research.

Heavy metal-induced reactive oxygen species and cell death in barley root tip

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Tamás ◽  
Igor Mistrík ◽  
Veronika Zelinová
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Barley Root ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Barley Root Tip

scholarly journals The Dual Nature of Metallothioneins in the Metabolism of Heavy Metals and Reactive Oxygen Species in Aquatic Organisms: Implications of Use as a Biomarker of Heavy-Metal Effects in Field Investigations

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. BCI.S1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gagné ◽  
C. André ◽  
C. Blaise
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Generating System

The purpose of this study was to examine the function of metallothioneins (MT) in respect to the mobilization of heavy metals and superoxide anion (O2–) scavenging in aquatic organisms. Using an O2– generating system, liberation of free zinc from native and zinc MT (Zn-MT) was measured in vitro. Addition of the O2– generating system and H2O2 readily increased the di- and trimeric forms of MT as determined by gel electrophoresis analysis. To determine whether the proportion of oxidized MT could change in contaminated environments, metal-contaminated Mya arenaria clams were collected from a harbour in the St. Lawrence Estuary. The levels of labile zinc, superoxide dismutase (O2– scavenging enzyme), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the oxidized/metallic form of MT were determined in the digestive gland. The results revealed that the induction of total MT levels was the result of increased oxidized MT at the expense of the reduced or metallic form of MT. Both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and labile zinc (Zn) levels were induced and they were significantly correlated with the oxidized form of MT, but not the metallic form, in feral clam populations. We concluded that the level of total MT was related to Zn mobility and the activation of antioxidant mechanisms such as SOD, and corresponded to the levels of oxidized MT. The metallic form of MT was negatively associated with Zn mobility but positively associated with oxidative damage such as LPO. Overall, the oxidized fraction of MT appeared to be more closely related to detoxification, while the metallic form of MT was associated with metal mobility and toxicity via oxidative damage. The protective effect of MT during heavy-metal contamination depends on the availability of metals and on its capacity to sequester reactive oxygen species.

scholarly journals Transcriptome profiling of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) under plumbic stress conditions implies the involvement of NAC transcription factors regulating reactive oxygen species-dependent programmed cell death

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8733
Author(s):  
Xia An ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Guanrong Jin
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Oxygen Species

Heavy metal contamination of soils has become a serious global issue, and bioremediation has been proposed as a potential solution. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is a fast growing, non-woody multipurpose annual plant that is suitable for removing excess heavy metals from soils. However, there has been relatively little research on the kenaf molecular mechanisms induced in response to an exposure to heavy metal stress. Thus, whole kenaf seedlings grown under control (normal) and stress (plumbic treatment) conditions were sampled for transcriptome sequencing. Unigenes generated through the de novo assembly of clean reads were functionally annotated based on seven databases. Transcription factor (TF)-coding genes were predicted and the physiological traits of the seedlings were analyzed. A total of 44.57 Gb high-quality sequencing data were obtained, which were assembled into 136,854 unigenes. These unigenes included 1,697 that were regarded as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A GO enrichment analysis of the DEGs indicated that many of them are related to catalytic activities. Moreover, the DEGs appeared to suggest that numerous KEGG pathways are suppressed (e.g., the photosynthesis-involving pathways) or enhanced (like the flavonoid metabolism pathways) in response to Pb stress. Of the 2,066 predicted TF-coding genes, only 55 were differentially expressed between the control and stressed samples. Further analyses suggested that the plumbic stress treatment induced reactive oxygen species-dependent programmed cell death in the kenaf plants via a process that may be regulated by the differentially expressed NAC TF genes.

Reactive oxygen species and heavy metal stress in plants: Impact on the cell wall and secondary metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Berni ◽  
Marie Luyckx ◽  
Xuan Xu ◽  
Sylvain Legay ◽  
Kjell Sergeant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Oxygen Species
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