Cylindrical Cuvette Light Refraction Measurements Technology to Analyse Biomedical Liquids

2015 ◽  
pp. 298-301
Author(s):  
Dmitrijs Merkulovs ◽  
Yuriy Dekhtyar ◽  
Oskars Vilitis ◽  
Peteris Shipkovs ◽  
Vita Merkulova
Keyword(s):  
Light Refraction

scholarly journals Light Path Model of Fiber Optic Liquid Level Sensor Considering Residual Liquid Film on the Wall

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Shiwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Film ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Residual Liquid ◽  
Light Refraction ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
Liquid Level Sensor

The working principle of the refractive-type fiber optic liquid level sensor is analyzed in detail based on the light refraction principle. The optic path models are developed in consideration of common simplification and the residual liquid film on the glass tube wall. The calculating formulae for the model are derived, constraint conditions are obtained, influencing factors are discussed, and the scopes and skills of application are analyzed through instance simulations. The research results are useful in directing the correct usage of the fiber optic liquid level sensor, especially in special cases, such as those involving viscous liquid in the glass tube monitoring.

Underwater Optical 3-D Reconstruction of Photometric Stereo Considering Light Refraction and Attenuation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hao Fan ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Changhao Chen ◽  
Yuan Rao ◽  
Linghui Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photometric Stereo ◽  
Light Refraction

LOW VACUUM PHOTOELECTRIC MANOMETER BASED ON LIGHT REFRACTION CONTROL IN PMI-2 SENSOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
V. A. Korotchenko ◽  
◽  
V. E. Skvortsov ◽  
V. K. Bazylev ◽  
V. V. Praded ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Refraction

Fractal and Polarization Properties of Light Scattering Using Microcrystalline Pharmaceutical Aggregates

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Jennifer Aldama ◽  
Zhenqi Shi ◽  
Carlos Ortega-Zúñiga ◽  
Rodolfo J. Romañach ◽  
Sergiy Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Specular Reflection ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Single Scattering ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
Light Refraction ◽  
Measurement Protocol

Fractal and polarization analysis of diffusively scattered light is applied to determine the complex relationship between fractal dimension of structural morphology and concentration of chemically active ingredients in two pharmaceutical mixture systems including a series of binary mixtures of acetaminophen in lactose and three multicomponent blends with a proprietary active ingredient. A robust approach is proposed to identify and filter out multiple- and single-scattering components of scattering indicatrix. The fractal dimension extracted from scattering field reveals complex structural details of the sample, showing strong dependence on low-dose drug concentration in the blend. Low-angle diffraction shows optical “halo” patterns near the angle of specular reflection caused by light refraction in microcrystalline aggregates. Angular measurements of diffuse reflection demonstrate noticeable dependence of Brewster's angle on drug concentration. It is shown that the acetaminophen microcrystals produce scattered light depolarization due to their optical birefringence. The light scattering measurement protocol developed for diffusively scattered light by microcrystalline pharmaceutical compositions provides a novel approach for the pattern recognition, analysis and classification of materials with a low concentration of active chemical ingredients.

The effect of high temperature on kernel dimensions and the type and occurrence of kernel damage in rice

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Tashiro ◽  
IF Wardlaw
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Endosperm Tissue ◽  
Razor Blade ◽  
Light Refraction ◽  
Different Types

Rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Calrose) growing at 27/22�C was either transferred to day/night temperatures ranging from 24/19 to 39/34�C 7days after heading and held at these temperatures until maturity, or transferred to a temperature of 36/31�C for 8 day periods at regular intervals commencing from heading. Kernel dimensions were measured directly and the types of kernel damage at maturity were characterized by direct viewing under the light microscope of intact and sectioned kernels, or by scanning electron microscopy of the exposed surface of kernels cut transversely with a razor blade. Kernel thickness was reduced most by high temperature treatments commencing 12 days after heading, but other kernel dimensions (length and width) were most sensitive to high temperature earlier in development. Sterility and pathenocarpy were most evident when temperature treatments commenced at heading (approximately 2 days before anthesis) and were greatest at the highest temperature (39/34�C). Abortive and opaque kernels were most evident when the high temperature commenced 4 days after heading and were also most numerous at the highest temperature tested. From observations on the morphology of the kernels it appears that temperatures above 27/22�C can interfere with the early stages of cell division and development in the endosperm. Chalky endosperm tissue occurred in several forms depending on both the temperature level and the timing of the temperature treatment. White-core kernels were only evident at a temperature of 27/22�C. White-back kernels were most numerous at 36/31�C and when the high temperature treatment commenced 16 days after heading. Milky-white kernels were found in all but the lowest temperature treatment (24/19�C), with a peak at 36/31�C and this type of damage was most evident when the high temperature treatment commenced 12 days after heading. Differences in endosperm cellular morphology were observed between the different types of damage, and in accord with other published data the chalky appearance was associated with the development of numerous air spaces between loosely packed starch granules and a change in light refraction.

scholarly journals Prototype of a new tip developed to be coupled to dental light-curing units for optimizing bonding of orthodontic brackets and accessories

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Sergio Luiz Mota Júnior ◽  
Márcio José da Silva Campos ◽  
Marco Abdo Gravina ◽  
Marcelo Reis Fraga ◽  
Robert Willer Farinazzo Vitral
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Light Refraction ◽  
New Device ◽  
Halogen Light ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Light Curing

OBJECTIVE: development of a new device to be coupled to light-curing units for bonding orthodontic brackets and accessories, and test its efficacy in an in vitro mechanical trial. The inner surface of the device is mirrored and is based on physical concepts of light refraction and reflection. The main advantage of such device is the reduced clinical time needed for bonding and the low possibility of contamination during the process. METHODS: One hundred and twenty specimens were used for testing the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with the device. The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was also determined. The sample was divided into 2 groups. In group 1 a halogen light-curing unit was used while in group 2 a led light-curing unit was used. Each group was then subdivided. In subgroups H1 and L1, a conventional light guide rod was used while in subgroups H2 and L2 bonding was performed with the mirrored device coupled to the tip of the guide light rod. RESULTS: The values obtained for the shear bond strength and the ARI in the subgroups were compared. Results showed that there was no statistically significant difference for the shear strength (p > 0.05) and the ARI (p > 0.05) between the subgroups. CONCLUSION: The tests of mechanical trials and the ARI analysis showed that the new device fulfilled the requirements for bonding orthodontic accessories, and that the time for bonding was reduced to half, being necessary only one light exposure.

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