Ecosystem-Based Tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction in Indonesian Coastal Areas

This study analyzes Collaborative governance in the earthquake and tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction Policy (DRR). Collaborative governance analysis in disaster risk reduction policy uses Ratner's Collaborative Governance Stages (2012) theory, which includes Identifying Obstacles and Opportunities, Debating Strategies for Influence and Planning Collaborative Actions Disaster Risk Reduction for Earthquake and Tsunami Disasters has been carried out in the City of Bengkulu which is located on the west coast of the island of Sumatra. Various institutions have developed DRR, with their respective patterns and limited coordination. Collaborative governance foundation has been carried out and needs to be developed strategically as an alternative implementation and development of more effective policies and management. The findings in this study that Collaboration on DRR The earthquake and tsunami in Bengkulu City were in the pilot stage, which provided the initial foundation for developing DRR policy implementation. There are obstacles in DRR implementation and management, which require strategic collaboration for the development of DRR effectively and equitably and continuously. Collaborative follow-up needs to be done with the establishment of a permanent forum that is needed flexibly, by avoiding a strict hierarchical structure or using organization horizontally, so that it can accommodate and utilize various stakeholders' potential optimally.

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A Relocatable Ocean Modeling Platform for Downscaling to Shelf-Coastal Areas to Support Disaster Risk Reduction

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.642815 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Francesco Trotta ◽

Ivan Federico ◽

Nadia Pinardi ◽

Giovanni Coppini ◽

Salvatore Causio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Ocean Circulation ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Numerical Models ◽

World Ocean ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Ocean Model ◽

Coastal Areas

High-impact ocean weather events and climate extremes can have devastating effects on coastal zones and small islands. Marine Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is a systematic approach to such events, through which the risk of disaster can be identified, assessed and reduced. This can be done by improving ocean and atmosphere prediction models, data assimilation for better initial conditions and developing an efficient and sustainable impact forecasting methodology for Early Warnings Systems. A common user request during disaster remediation actions is for high-resolution information, which can be derived from easily deployable numerical models nested into operational larger-scale ocean models. The Structured and Unstructured Relocatable Ocean Model for Forecasting (SURF) enables users to rapidly deploy a nested high-resolution numerical model into larger-scale ocean forecasts. Rapidly downscaling the currents, sea level, temperature, and salinity fields is critical in supporting emergency responses to extreme events and natural hazards in the world’s oceans. The most important requirement in a relocatable model is to ensure that the interpolation of low-resolution ocean model fields (analyses and reanalyses) and atmospheric forcing is tested for different model domains. The provision of continuous ocean circulation forecasts through the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) enables this testing. High-resolution SURF ocean circulation forecasts can be provided to specific application models such as oil spill fate and transport models, search and rescue trajectory models, and ship routing models requiring knowledge of meteo-oceanographic conditions. SURF was used to downscale CMEMS circulation analyses in four world ocean regions, and the high-resolution currents it can simulate for specific applications are examined. The SURF downscaled circulation fields show that the marine current resolutions affect the quality of the application models to be used for assessing disaster risks, particularly near coastal areas where the coastline geometry must be resolved through a numerical grid, and high-frequency coastal currents must be accurately simulated.

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Today in Thailand: multidisciplinary perspectives on the current tsunami disaster risk reduction

Geological Society London Special Publications ◽

10.1144/sp501-2019-97 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. SP501-2019-97

Author(s):

Natt Leelawat ◽

Panon Latcharote ◽

Anawat Suppasri ◽

Titaya Sararit ◽

Mongkonkorn Srivichai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Tsunami Disaster

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The Port Alfred floods of 17–23 October 2012: A case of disaster (mis)management?

Jàmbá Journal of Disaster Risk Studies ◽

10.4102/jamba.v8i1.207 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Desmond M. Pyle ◽

Tennielle L. Jacobs

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Management ◽

Disaster Response ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

Flood Event ◽

Research Approach ◽

Weather System ◽

Role Players

An intense cut-off low weather system, more commonly known regionally as a ‘black southeaster’, caused severe flooding in Port Alfred and the surrounding coastal areas from 17 to 23 October 2012. Unconfirmed reports of up to 700 mm of rainfall for the period were recorded. Damage caused by the flooding was estimated at R500 million. Eight deaths were recorded. The poorly maintained and ageing infrastructure and storm water systems could not withstand the floodwaters, and as a result, damage was worse than it should have been. Many houses, particularly in the surrounding townships and informal settlements, were destroyed. Disease threats arose, including cholera, diarrhoea and influenza. The South African Weather Service issued weather warnings of severe local flooding in the coastal areas of the Eastern Cape a few days before the flood event. Unfortunately, there was a delay in communicating the severe weather warning effectively to the public, relevant authorities and role-players by local disaster management officials. In addition, there was poor and ineffective local coordination of disaster response and relief efforts. This paper examines the 2012 flood event from both meteorological and disaster management perspectives, using a combined qualitative and quantitative research approach. Findings point to a critical lack of coordination amongst the various role-players before, during and after the disaster. Recommendations for improved proactive and coordinated disaster risk management and disaster risk reduction for the region are made.Keywords: Port Alfred; cut-off lows; floods; disaster management; disaster risk reduction; early warning

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MITIGATION OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN PANGANDARAN REGENCY

Sosiohumaniora ◽

10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v22i2.25774 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ramadhan Pancasilawan

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Management ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Warning System ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Physical Development ◽

Disaster Mitigation ◽

Literature Study ◽

Tsunami Disaster ◽

The Government

The government has a function to protect its people, including managing the disaster. The function of government in natural disaster management is a function that is expected to be carried out with full commitment. Disaster management is an activity carried out comprehensively and there is a need for active stakeholder involvement. Pangandaran Regency is a disaster-prone area. This article aims to describe the mitigation launched by the Pangandaran Regency government to reduce disaster risk using a Qualitative approach and observation, interview and literature study. Pangandaran Regency has been stretched to get out of the tsunami disaster that had occurred. Even mitigation efforts have been carried out with the involvement of various stakeholders in Pangandaran Regency. With mitigation, disaster risk reduction can be done. Therefore the government should make efforts to overcome disaster risk through the Mitigation Program by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD). The disaster mitigation program consists of two types namely Mitigation with a Structural approach and namely mitigation by focusing on physical development, such as the construction of temporary evacuation sites or the construction of an early warning system (EAS). Then the other form is Non-Structural mitigation which is mitigation carried out in the form of non-physical development, such as disaster education to school children and also to the community through activities carried out by mothers. Disaster training is given to private parties to understand disaster in Pangandaran.Keywords: Disaster, Mitigation, Risk Reduction, Management Disaster, Pangandaran

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A relocatable ocean modelling platform for downscaling to shelf-coastal areas to support disaster risk reduction

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5420 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francesco Trotta ◽

Ivan Federico ◽

Nadia Pinardi ◽

Giovanni Coppini ◽

Salvatore Causio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Ocean Circulation ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Numerical Models ◽

World Ocean ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

Numerical Application

High-impact ocean weather events and climate extremes can have devastating effects on coastal zones and small islands. Marine Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is a systematic approach to such events, through which the&#160;risk&#160;of disaster can be identified, assessed and&#160;reduced via direct observations, thus improving ocean and atmosphere prediction models and the development of efficient early warnings systems. A common user request during disaster remediation actions is for high-resolution information, which can be derived from easily deployable numerical models nested into operational larger-scale ocean models.The Structured and Unstructured Relocatable Ocean Model for Forecasting (SURF) has been designed to provide operational ocean forecasting communities with the means to rapidly deploy a nested high-resolution numerical model into larger-scale ocean forecasts. Rapidly downscaling the current, sea level and temperature, and salinity fields is critical in supporting emergency response and DRR planning, which are typically related to very localized areas in the world&#8217;s oceans. The first and most important requirement in a relocatable modelling capability is to ensure all of the interfaces have been tested through low-resolution operational ocean analyses, forecasts and atmospheric forcing. The provision of continuous ocean circulation forecasts through the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) enables this testing. High-resolution SURF ocean circulation forecasts can then be accessed through specific numerical application model interfaces that require the knowledge of meteo-oceanographic conditions, such as oil spill forecasting, search and rescue modelling, and ship routing modelling for safe navigation.SURF was used to downscale CMEMS circulation analyses in four world ocean regions, and the high-resolution currents it can simulate for specific applications are examined. The SURF downscaled circulation fields show that the marine current resolutions affect the quality of the application models to be used for assessing disaster risks, particularly near coastal areas where the coastline geometry must be resolved through a numerical grid, and high-frequency coastal currents must be accurately simulated.

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Partisipasi Masyarakat Sebagai Upaya Untuk Mengurangi Risiko Bencana Tsunami Di Daerah Pantai

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia ◽

10.29122/jsti.v16i3.3415 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

CB Herman Edyanto

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Community Participation ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

High Population ◽

Tsunami Disaster ◽

Population Concentration ◽

Tsunami Forecasting ◽

Short Time

Indonesia is in a position 'ring of fire' (Ring of Fire), which means that the possibility of occurrence of disasters, particularly earthquakes is extremely high. Earth plate movements trigger earthquakes. When the epicenter was at sea, it can be expected to be a tsunami. Forecasting earthquakes can not be done, the tsunami itself occurs and is kept up preceded by an earthquake. A short time to escape, would create chaos on the location of the location where the high population concentration, thus requiring community participation in carrying out the evacuation. This study aims to introduce issues and acts as the tsunami disaster risk reduction. The participation of communities to disasters should be able to reduce the number of victims. The methodology of the discussion in this study conducted qualitatively by studying literature, which includes secondary data, observation, interviews and documentation. Results from this study are other steps undertaken in the tsunami disaster risk reduction.Indonesia berada pada posisi ̳cincin api‘ (ring of fire), yang berarti bahwa tingkatkemungkinan kejadian bencana, khususnya gempa bumi adalah sangat tinggi. Gerakan lempeng bumi memicu gempa. Bila pusat gempa berada dilaut, maka dapat diduga akan terjadinya tsunami. Peramalan bencana gempa belum dapat dilakukan, tsunami itu sendiri terjadi dan selalui didahului dengan adanya gempa. Waktu yang begitu singkat untuk penyelamatan diri, akan menciptakan kekacauan pada lokasi lokasi dimana konsentrasi penduduknya tinggi, sehingga mengharuskan adanya partisipasi masyarakat dalam melaksanakan proses evakuasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan permasalahan tsunami dan tindakan sebagai upaya pengurangan risiko bencana. Adanya partisipasi masyarakat terhadap bencana diharapkan mampu untuk menekan jumlah korban. Metodologi pembahasan dalam studi ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan melakukan studi literatur, yang mencakup data sekunder, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari studi ini adalah langkah-langkah lain yang dilakukan dalam pengurangan risiko bencana tsunami.Keywords: community participation, disaster risk reduction, tsunami.

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The 2016 Fukushima earthquake and tsunami: Local tsunami behavior and recommendations for tsunami disaster risk reduction

International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.12.016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 323-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Anawat Suppasri ◽

Natt Leelawat ◽

Panon Latcharote ◽

Volker Roeber ◽

Kei Yamashita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Tsunami Disaster

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Modal Sosial Kelompok Rentan Sebagai Upaya Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Jurnal Antropologi Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya ◽

10.25077/jantro.v22.n2.p236-245.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 236

Author(s):

Zeni Eka Putri ◽

Azwar Azwar

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Civic Engagement ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Personal Relationships ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Network Support ◽

Tsunami Disaster

Padang City has a low resilience for earthquake and tsunami disaster. Actually, social capital can be used as a strategy for overcoming impacts and efforts to reduce the level of risk of disaster. According to Siegler, social capital has four aspects, there are personal relationships, social network support, civic engagement, and trust and cooperative norms. The research objectives are: 1) Describe the knowledge and experience of vulnerable groups in dealing with disasters (earthquake and tsunami); 2) Identifying vulnerable groups' social capital as a disaster risk reduction (DRR) effort; 3) Describe the opportunities and obstacles/threats in the use of social capital as an effort to disaster risk reduction (DRR). The research method is qualitative with a case study. The location of this research in Pasie Nan Tigo, Koto Tangah District, Padang City. The determination of informants is a purposive sampling technique. This research has 22 informants. The criteria of informants are; 1) Have settled in a red zone area for at least 5 years; 2) The distance between the house and the beach is a maximum radius of 3 km. The results of the research are; 1) Vulnerable groups have the knowledge and experience about disasters; 2) Social groups already have social capital in 4 aspects of social capital such as personal relationships, social networking support, civic engagement, and trust and cooperative norm; 3) Social capital has opportunities and challenges from the internal and external side. Keywords: Social Capital, DRR

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