Shipwrecks in Late First Millennium Southeast Asia: Southern China’s Maritime Trade and the Emerging Role of Arab Merchants in Indian Ocean Exchange

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-163
Author(s):  
John Guy
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
First Millennium

From Zanzibar to Zaytun: Iranian Merchants across the Indian Ocean Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Richard Foltz
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Indian Ocean Trade ◽  
The Indian Ocean

The role of Iranian merchants in the maritime trade of the Indian Ocean basin from antiquity up to the 16th century is often underestimated. From scholarly histories to popular culture the “Muslim sailor” is typically portrayed as being an Arab. In fact, from pre-Islamic times the principal actors in Indian Ocean trade were predominantly Persian, as attested by the archaeological data, local written records, and the names of places and individuals.

scholarly journals Book Reviews

1986 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-493
Author(s):  
Dennis Tedlock ◽  
Dennis Tedlock ◽  
J.G. Casparis ◽  
Kenneth R. Hall ◽  
M. Hekker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Instituut Voor ◽  
State Development

- Dennis Tedlock, Dennis Tedlock, The Spoken Word - Reaction to R. de Ridder’s review of The Spoken Word and Popul Vuh (BKI 142-I, 1986, pp. 179-182). - J.G. de Casparis, Kenneth R. Hall, Maritime trade and state development in early Southeast Asia, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1985, 368 pp. - M. Hekker, J.E. Ellemers, Indische Nederlanders en gerepatrieerden, Muiderberg: Coutinho, 1985. 159 pp., foto’s., R.E.F. Vaillant (eds.) - Tineke Hellwig, Els Postel-Coster, Het omheinde kweekbed; Machtsverhoudingen in de Minangkabause familieroman, Delft: Eburon, 233 pp., 1985. - H.A.J. Klooster, Sartono Kartodirdjo, Modern Indonesia, tradition and transformation. A socio-historical perspective, Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1984, xii + 299 pp. - Gert J. Oostindie, W.S.M. Hoogbergen, De Boni-oorlogen 1757-1860. Marronage en guerilla [sic] in Oost-Suriname. Utrecht: Rijksuniversiteit 1985. [Bronnen voor de studie van Afro-amerikaanse samenlevingen in de Guyana’s, 528 pp. - P. Pink, V. M. Clara van Groenendael, The Dalang behind the Wayang. The role of the Surakarta and the Yogyakarta dalang in Indonesian-Javanese society, Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 114, Dordrecht-Holland/Cinnaminson-U.S.A.: Foris publications, 1985, VIII + 242 pp., 3 maps. - P. Pink, J. Kats, De Wajang Poerwa, een vorm van Javaans Toneel, ingeleid door J.J. Ras en H.A. Poeze, Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Indonesische Herdrukken, Dordrecht-Holland/Cinnaminson-U.S.A.: Foris publications, 1984, XL VIII + VIII + 446 pp. - S. Pompe, Hisako Nakamura, Divorce in Java, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta 1983, xxiii + 145 pp. - J.M.C. Pragt, Wim Bakker, Bali verbeeld, Volkenkundig Museum Nusantara, Delft, 1985, 96 p., 120 afb.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the late first millennium AD harbor site of Sembiran and analysis of its tradeware

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambra Calo ◽  
Ian Moffat ◽  
David Bulbeck ◽  
Marie-France Dupoizat ◽  
Kleanthis Simyrdanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Subsurface Structures ◽  
Island Southeast Asia ◽  
First Millennium

The site of Sembiran on the northern coast of Bali was an important trading harbor with demonstrated intensive links to the Indian subcontinent, the Western Indian Ocean, and Mainland Southeast Asia between the second century BC and the second century AD. Using a combination of excavation and geophysical survey, we have newly mapped a dense network of subsurface structures, which we interpret to be foundations for harbor infrastructure dated to the eighth to ninth centuries AD that were subsequently covered by shoreline aggradation. An assemblage of eighth to twelfth centuries AD Chinese tradeware in dated contexts from our excavations of these shoreline structures and additional trenches further inland suggests a renewal in trade activities at Sembiran, coinciding with the growth of Chinese maritime trade in Island Southeast Asia.

scholarly journals Maritime trade in the Indian Ocean: value-focused thinking for BRI and CPEC by employing A’WOT hybrid technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 02030
Author(s):  
Alexey Mikheev ◽  
Kanwar Muhammad Javed Iqbal ◽  
Irina Kapustina ◽  
Amen Butt
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Hybrid Technique ◽  
Value Focused Thinking ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) have so far developed the narrative of bringing prosperity and peace; particularly in the welfare context of Afro-Asian population in Indian Ocean littoral states and enhanced cooperation among countries in Asia, Europe and Africa. The grey areas needs to be analysed with Value-Focused Thinking (VFT) for the overall discourse of maritime. Thus, this study examined the emerging role of BRI viz-a-viz trade opportunities and challenges for Pakistan and China by employing A’WOT method. Results reveal that the successful BRI and CPEC endeavours will open up a door for future investment, prosperity and sustainable development in Indian Ocean Region (IOR). However, Pakistan has higher ratio of threats compare to China and relative to the opportunities considering the weaknesses due to internal and external factors. Maritime trade under BRI has success potential due to geo-strategic location of Pakistan and weaknesses can be avoided in a complete decision support manner with appropriate policy and strategic arrangements.

THE ROLE OF EDUCATION ON DISASTER PREPAREDNESS CASE STUDY OF 2012 INDIAN OCEAN EARTHQUAKES ON THAILAND’S

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raya Muttarak ◽  
Wiraporn Pothisiri
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Disaster Experience ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Individual

In this paper we investigate how well residents of the Andaman coast in Phang Nga province, Thailand, are prepared for earthquakes and tsunami. It is hypothesized that formal education can promote disaster preparedness because education enhances individual cognitive and learning skills, as well as access to information. A survey was conducted of 557 households in the areas that received tsunami warnings following the Indian Ocean earthquakes on 11 April 2012. Interviews were carried out during the period of numerous aftershocks, which put residents in the region on high alert. The respondents were asked what emergency preparedness measures they had taken following the 11 April earthquakes. Using the partial proportional odds model, the paper investigates determinants of personal disaster preparedness measured as the number of preparedness actions taken. Controlling for village effects, we find that formal education, measured at the individual, household, and community levels, has a positive relationship with taking preparedness measures. For the survey group without past disaster experience, the education level of household members is positively related to disaster preparedness. The findings also show that disaster related training is most effective for individuals with high educational attainment. Furthermore, living in a community with a higher proportion of women who have at least a secondary education increases the likelihood of disaster preparedness. In conclusion, we found that formal education can increase disaster preparedness and reduce vulnerability to natural hazards.

Levantine Art in the “Orientalizing” Period

2019 ◽  
pp. 369-383
Author(s):  
Marian H. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
The West ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
First Millennium

The “Orientalizing period” represents a scholarly designation used to describe the eighth and seventh centuries bce when regions in Greece, Italy, and farther west witnessed a flourishing of arts and cultures attributed to contact with cultural areas to the east—in particular that of the Phoenicians. This chapter surveys Orientalizing as an intellectual and historiographic concept and reconsiders the role of purportedly Phoenician arts within the existing scholarly narratives. The Orientalizing period should be understood as a construct of nineteenth- and twentieth-century scholarship that was structured around a false dichotomy between the Orient (the East) and the West. The designation “Phoenician” has a similarly complex historiographic past rooted in ancient Greek stereotyping that has profoundly shaped modern scholarly interpretations. This chapter argues that the luxury arts most often credited as agents of Orientalization—most prominent among them being carved ivories, decorated metal bowls, and engraved tridacna shells—cannot be exclusively associated with a Phoenician cultural origin, thus calling into question the primacy of the Phoenicians in Orientalizing processes. Each of these types of objects appears to have a much broader production sphere than is indicated by the attribute as Phoenician. In addition, the notion of unidirectional influences flowing from east to west is challenged, and instead concepts of connectivity and networking are proposed as more useful frameworks for approaching the problem of cultural relations during the early part of the first millennium bce.

scholarly journals Differential Influences of Teleconnections from the Indian and Pacific Oceans on Rainfall Variability in Southeast Asia

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 886
Author(s):  
Abdul Azim Amirudin ◽  
Ester Salimun ◽  
Fredolin Tangang ◽  
Liew Juneng ◽  
Muhamad Zuhairi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
June July August ◽  
Rainfall Patterns ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
June July

This study investigates the individual and combined impacts of El Niño and the positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on the Southeast Asia (SEA) rainfall variability. Using composite and partial correlation techniques, it is shown that both inter-annual events have individually distinct impacts on the SEA rainfall anomaly distribution. The results showed that the impacts of the co-occurrence of El Niño and IOD events are significant compared to the individual effects of pure El Niño or pure IOD. During June-July-August and September-October-November, the individual impacts of the pure El Niño and IOD events are similar but less significant. Both events caused negative impacts over the southern part of SEA during June-July-August (JJA) and propagated northeastward/eastward during September-October-November (SON). Thus, there are significant negative impacts over the southern part of SEA during the co-occurrence of both events. The differential impacts on the anomalous rainfall patterns are due to the changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) surrounding the region. Additionally, the differences are also related to the anomalous regional atmospheric circulations that interact with the regional SST. The anomalous Walker circulation that connects the Indian Ocean and tropical Pacific Ocean also plays a significant role in determining the regional anomalous rainfall patterns.

scholarly journals Rhinocerotidae from the early Miocene of the Negev (Israel) and implications for the dispersal of early Neogene rhinoceroses

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Luca Pandolfi ◽  
Ran Calvo ◽  
Ari Grossman ◽  
Rivka Rabinovich
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
New Records ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Early Neogene ◽  
Postcranial Remains

Abstract A revision of the rhinocerotid material from the Negev (Israel), dating back to the early Miocene (MN3 in the European Mammal Biochronology), highlights the presence of Brachypotherium and a taxon close to Gaindatherium in the Levantine corridor. A juvenile mandible, investigated using CT scanning, displays morphologically distinct characters consistent with Brachypotherium cf. B. snowi rather than with other Eurasian representatives of this genus. Some postcranial remains from the Negev, such as a humerus, display features that distinguish it among Miocene taxa. We attribute these postcrania to cf. Gaindatherium sp., a taxon never recorded outside the Siwaliks until now. This taxon dispersed into the Levantine region during the late early Miocene, following a pattern similar to other South Asian taxa. Brachypotherium cf. B. snowi probably occurred in the Levantine region and then in North Africa during the early Miocene because its remains are known from slightly younger localities such as Moghara (Egypt) and Jebel Zelten (Libya). The occurrence cf. Gaindatherium sp. represents a previously unrecorded range expansion out of Southeast Asia. These new records demonstrate the paleogeographic importance of the Levantine region showcasing the complex role of the Levantine corridor in intercontinental dispersals between Asia and Europe as well as Eurasia and Africa.

Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia

Ethnohistory ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Bennet Bronson ◽  
Kenneth R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
State Development
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