Culture and Control: The Tale of East-West Joint Ventures

1997 ◽  
pp. 127-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne J. Cyr
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
And Control ◽  
East West

Capital Projects

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. Lewin ◽  
S.A. Carne ◽  
N.F.C. de Rivaz ◽  
R.E.G. Hall ◽  
K.J. McKelvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Present State ◽  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Discount Rates ◽  
Capital Projects ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Opening Up

ABSTRACTThe paper surveys the present state of knowledge about the appraisal and control of capital projects, and identifies the useful contribution which actuaries can make to the process.Relevant theoretical considerations are discussed, including the choice of appropriate discount rates for use by companies when screening proposals. It is recommended that discount rates should be lower than those commonly used. Some practical working methods are summarised and examples are given of how risk analysis can be carried out, for both simple and complex appraisals. Attention is drawn to the special ‘social’ considerations which may apply in the case of Government projects. The opportunities now opening up for joint ventures between the UK Government and private sector partners are examined, and it is concluded that proper sharing of costs and risks can facilitate arrangements which are acceptable to both sides.The paper concludes with a discussion of the procedures which companies can use to identify, appraise, control and monitor projects.

A Configurational Analysis of International Joint Ventures

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Child
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
International Joint Ventures ◽  
Configurational Analysis ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
International Joint ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parent Companies ◽  
Variance Approach

A stream of research has focused on the ownership shares that partner companies take in international joint ventures [IJVs] and the leverage this may provide for control and performance. This research has normally adopted a `variance' approach, which examines `independent' variables as potential predictors of the focal phenomenon. The variance approach has yielded reasonably consistent results for the relationship between IJV ownership and control, but not in respect of performance. In searching for the optimum predictive model for whole samples, the variance approach risks overlooking inter-case nuances that may result from somewhat different configurations of variables. An alternative approach seeks to explore how and why variables configure together in different combinations. This paper draws on a study of 20 Sino-UK IJVs and their parent companies. It proceeds from a conventional variance analysis to identify different IV configurations. These configurations can be understood in the light of each IV's formative context, and they relate to performance in different ways. Propositions deriving from the study are offered as guidelines for further research.

East—West joint ventures and buyback contracts

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raissa Chan ◽  
Michael Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
East West

scholarly journals Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai dan Pengendalian Busuk Phytophthora melalui Biopriming Benih dengan Rizobakteri Asal Pertanaman Cabai Jawa Timur

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aulia Zakia ◽  
Satriyas Ilyas ◽  
Candra Budiman ◽  
Syamsuddin , ◽  
Dyah Manohara
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phytophthora Blight ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
East West

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT <br /></em></strong></p><p><em>The objectives of this study was to evaluate biopriming of chili seed with rhizobacteria to improve plant growth and control Phytophthora blight disease in a greenhouse. This experiment used three isolates of rhizobacteria, i.e. E1, E3C2 and F2B1, and isolate <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Phytophthora</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capsici</span> (Cb6) isolated from the production center of chili in East Jawa. Laris variety from PT. East West was used in this experiment. This experiment used randomized block design with one factor, i.e. 11 levels of seed treatment (E1 rhizobacteria, E3C2 rhizobacteria, F2B1 rhizobacteria, E1+E3C2 rhizobacteria, E1+F2B1 rhizobacteria, E1+E3C2+F2B1 rhizobacteria, seed soaking in water, without soaking, metalaxyl, positive control and negative control). The result showed that seed treatment with combination of E1+F2B1 isolates when grown in nursery, significantly increased the height and number of leaves in chilli. Besides, seed treatment with F2B1 isolate and combination of E1+F2B1 isolates after transplanting were capable to improve plant growth and control Phytophthora blight disease in greenhouse.</em></p><p><em>Keywords: greenhouse, isolate rhizobacteria, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Phytophthora</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">capsici</span></em></p><p align="center"><em>  <br /></em></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK <br /></strong></p><p>Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengevaluasi perlakuan <em>biopriming</em> benih cabai dengan rizobakteri dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit dan mengendalikan kejadian busuk Phytophthora di rumah kaca. Perlakuan <em>biopriming</em> benih dengan rizobakteri menggunakan tiga isolat rizobakteri E1, E3C2 dan F2B1 dan isolat <em>Phytophthora capsici</em> Cb6 hasil eksplorasi pertanaman cabai Jawa Timur. Benih yang digunakan dalam percobaan merupakan benih varietas Laris produksi PT. East West. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok satu faktor, masing-masing perlakuan diulang empat kali, dengan 11 taraf perlakuan, antara lain R0+ (kontrol positif, benih direndam dalam PDB tanpa perlakuan rizobakteri dengan inokulasi <em>P. capsici</em>), R0- (kontrol negatif, benih direndam dalam PDB tanpa perlakuan rizobakteri dan tanpa inokulasi <em>P. capsici</em>), R1 (perlakuan benih dengan isolat E1), R2 (isolat E3C2), R3 (isolat F2B1), R4 (kombinasi isolat E1+E3C2), R5 (kombinasi isolat E1+F2B1), R6 (kombinasi isolat E1+E3C2+F2B1), R0RA (benih direndam dalam air 24 jam), R0TR (benih tanpa rendam), R0M (benih direndam dalam metalaksil). Tanah inokulum <em>P. capsici</em> diberikan 28 hari setelah pindah-tanam di sekitar pangkal batang tanaman cabai di bawah permukaan tanah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan, perlakuan dengan kombinasi isolat E1+F2B1 saat persemaian di rumah kaca nyata meningkatkan tinggi dan jumlah daun tanaman cabai. Perlakuan benih dengan isolat F2B1 maupun kombinasi isolat E1+F2B1 setelah pindah-tanam di rumah kaca memiliki kemampuan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman serta mengendalikan penyakit busuk Phytophthora. </p><p>Kata kunci: isolat rizobakteri,<em> Phytophthora capsici</em>, rumah kaca</p>

Resolving international agency cost in East/West joint ventures

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
Armand Picou ◽  
William R. McDaniel ◽  
Sidney Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Agency Cost ◽  
International Agency ◽  
East West

East–West Corporate Joint Ventures

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Csáki
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
East West
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