Inflammatory Diseases of Colon Other than Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2014 ◽  
pp. 393-422
Author(s):  
Eun Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risks in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: what should be taken into account?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
G. B. Bikbavova ◽  
M. A. Livzan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Treat To Target ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Specialized Care ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) worldwide. Treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease has become more effective thanks to the emergence of biological therapies, increased access to specialized care and a “treat to target” approach. However, with an increase in the life expectancy of patients with IBD, there is an increase in the number of persons with comorbidity, primarily with a combination of IBD with cardiovascular pathology. Environmental factors lead to a change in the diversity and density of colonization of the intestinal microbiota, a violation of its barrier function, immune dysregulation, which in turn leads to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases and atherosclerosis. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein, and homocysteine increase in IBD, leading to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. In addition, inflammatory processes in IBD promote hypercoagulation, which occurs both in the thromboembolic complications and in the pathogenesis of the disease itself. It has been suggested that medical pathogenetic therapy for IBD is also associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we systematize the available data on the risks of cardiovascular diseases in patients with IBD. A literature search containing information on relevant studies was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar systems with the keywords: inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Effects of Anti-Cytokine Antibodies on Gut Barrier Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Seul A. Lee ◽  
Stephen M. Riordan ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Lixin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Anti-cytokine antibodies are used in treating chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatic diseases. Patients with these diseases often have a compromised gut barrier function, suggesting that anti-cytokine antibodies may contribute to the re-establishment of gut barrier integrity, in addition to their immunomodulatory effects. This paper reviews the effects of anti-cytokine antibodies on gut barrier function and their mechanisms.

scholarly journals Revisiting Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathology, Treatments, Challenges and Emerging Therapeutics Including Drug Leads from Natural Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karma Yeshi ◽  
Roland Ruscher ◽  
Luke Hunter ◽  
Norelle L. Daly ◽  
Alex Loukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and life-long disease characterized by gastrointestinal tract inflammation. It is caused by the interplay of the host’s genetic predisposition and immune responses, and various environmental factors. Despite many treatment options, there is no cure for IBD. The increasing incidence and prevalence of IBD and lack of effective long-term treatment options have resulted in a substantial economic burden to the healthcare system worldwide. Biologics targeting inflammatory cytokines initiated a shift from symptomatic control towards objective treatment goals such as mucosal healing. There are seven monoclonal antibody therapies excluding their biosimilars approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for induction and maintenance of clinical remission in IBD. Adverse side effects associated with almost all currently available drugs, especially biologics, is the main challenge in IBD management. Natural products have significant potential as therapeutic agents with an increasing role in health care. Given that natural products display great structural diversity and are relatively easy to modify chemically, they represent ideal scaffolds upon which to generate novel therapeutics. This review focuses on the pathology, currently available treatment options for IBD and associated challenges, and the roles played by natural products in health care. It discusses these natural products within the current biodiscovery research agenda, including the applications of drug discovery techniques and the search for next-generation drugs to treat a plethora of inflammatory diseases, with a major focus on IBD.

scholarly journals The Possible Role of the Novel Cytokines IL-35 and IL-37 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanmei Li ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Yatian Wang ◽  
Xiuli Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Interleukin- (IL-) 35 and IL-37 are newly discovered immune-suppressing cytokines. They have been described in inflammatory diseases such as collagen-induced arthritis and asthma. However, their expressions in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have not been yet explored. Our aim was to evaluate serum and inflamed mucosal levels in IBD patients. In 20 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, 7 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, and 15 healthy subjects, cytokine levels in serum were determined using ELISA and mucosal expression studies were performed by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blot. The results showed that serums IL-35 and IL-37 levels were significantly decreased in UC and CD patients compared with healthy subjects. The cytokines levels correlated inversely with UC activity. IL-35 was expressed in infiltrating immune cells while IL-37 in intestinal epithelial cells as well as inflammatory cells. IBD patients had significantly higherEbi3,p35(two subunits of IL-35), andIL-37bgene expressions; IL-35 and IL-37 protein expressions were higher in IBD patients compared with controls. The study showed that serums IL-35 and IL-37 might be potentially novel biomarkers for IBD. Intestinal IL-35 and IL-37 proteins are upregulated, suggesting that regulating the expression of the two cytokines may provide a new possible target for the treatment of IBD.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Substance Use Disorder in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Heather Carney ◽  
Ruth Ann Marrie ◽  
James M Bolton ◽  
Scott B Patten ◽  
Lesley A Graff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Substance use disorders (SUDs) impose a substantial individual and societal burden; however, the prevalence and associated factors in persons with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are largely unknown. We evaluated the prevalence and risk factors of SUD in an IBD cohort. Methods Inflammatory bowel disease participants (n = 247) were recruited via hospital- and community-based gastroenterology clinics, a population-based IBD research registry, and primary care providers as part of a larger cohort study of psychiatric comorbidity in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. The Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV was administered to participants to identify lifetime SUD, anxiety disorder, and major depressive disorder. Additional questionnaires regarding participants’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were also completed. We examined demographic and clinical factors associated with lifetime SUD using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression modeling. Results Forty-one (16.6%) IBD participants met the criteria for a lifetime diagnosis of an SUD. Factors associated with elevated odds of SUD were ever smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–7.50), male sex (aOR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.11–5.36), lifetime anxiety disorder (aOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.08–5.37), and higher pain impact (aOR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01–1.16). Conclusions One in six persons with IBD experienced an SUD, suggesting that clinicians should maintain high index of suspicion regarding possible SUD, and inquiries about substance use should be a part of care for IBD patients, particularly for men, smokers, and patients with anxiety disorders and pain.

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