scholarly journals Effects of Anti-Cytokine Antibodies on Gut Barrier Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Seul A. Lee ◽  
Stephen M. Riordan ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Lixin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Anti-cytokine antibodies are used in treating chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatic diseases. Patients with these diseases often have a compromised gut barrier function, suggesting that anti-cytokine antibodies may contribute to the re-establishment of gut barrier integrity, in addition to their immunomodulatory effects. This paper reviews the effects of anti-cytokine antibodies on gut barrier function and their mechanisms.

Dietary fibre-based SCFA mixtures promote both protection and repair of intestinal epithelial barrier function in a Caco-2 cell model

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1166-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Chen ◽  
Choon Young Kim ◽  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Lisa Lamothe ◽  
Maliha Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Epithelial Barrier Function ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Impaired gut barrier function plays an important role in the development of many diseases such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and in HIV infection.

Long term azathioprine fails to prevent onset of multiple sclerosis: report of two cases

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 362-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Constantinescu ◽  
A Whiteley ◽  
L D Blumhardt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drug ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Definite Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug widely used in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We report two patients who developed the first manifestations of clinically definite multiple sclerosis while on long term (3.5 and 10 years, respectively) treatment with azathioprine for Crohn's disease. Both patients developed the first MS symptoms during a quiescent phase of their inflammatory bowel disease. These cases show that long term azathioprine, while possibly maintaining inflammatory bowel disease under control, could not prevent the onset of MS.

scholarly journals The protein C pathway in tissue inflammation and injury: pathogenic role and therapeutic implications

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 1121-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Danese ◽  
Stefania Vetrano ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Victoria A. Poplis ◽  
Francis J. Castellino
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Cellular Components

Abstract Inflammation and coagulation are closely linked interdependent processes. Under physiologic conditions, the tissue microcirculation functions in anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory fashions. However, when inflammation occurs, coagulation is also set in motion and actively participates in enhancing inflammation. Recently, novel and unexpected roles of hemostasis in the humoral and cellular components of innate immunity have been described. In particular, the protein C system, besides its well-recognized role in anticoagulation, plays a crucial role in inflammation. Indeed, the protein C system is now emerging as a novel participant in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and lung and heart inflammation, and may emerge as unexpected therapeutic targets for intervention.

scholarly journals Local Stabilization of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Controls Intestinal Inflammation via Enhanced Gut Barrier Function and Immune Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-In Kim ◽  
Eun-Je Yi ◽  
Young-Dae Kim ◽  
A Reum Lee ◽  
Jiwoung Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Intestinal Trefoil Factor ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Intestinal epithelial cells are adapted in mucosal hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors in these cells can fortify barrier integrity to support mucosal tissue healing. Here we investigated whether hypoxia-related pathways could be proposed as potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease. We developed a novel hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, CG-598 which stabilized HIF-1α in the gut tissue. Treatment of CG-598 did not affect extra-intestinal organs or cause any significant adverse effects such as erythropoiesis. In the experimental murine colitis model, CG-598 ameliorated intestinal inflammation with reduction of inflammatory lesions and pro-inflammatory cytokines. CG-598 treatment fortified barrier function by increasing the expression of intestinal trefoil factor, CD73, E-cadherin and mucin. Also, IL-10 and IL-22 were induced from lamina propria CD4+ T-cells. The effectiveness of CG-598 was comparable to other immunosuppressive therapeutics such as TNF-blockers or JAK inhibitors. These results suggest that CG-598 could be a promising therapeutic candidate to treat inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Preventive Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana-Maria Bunu ◽  
Cristian-Eugen Timofte ◽  
Manuela Ciocoiu ◽  
Mariana Floria ◽  
Claudia-Cristina Tarniceriu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Involvement ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Maintenance Of Remission

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a group of chronic inflammatory diseases that targets mainly the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical presentation of IBD includes both gastrointestinal manifestations and extraintestinal manifestations (EIM). The reported cardiovascular manifestations in IBD patients include pericarditis, myocarditis, venous and arterial thromboembolism, arrhythmias, atrioventricular block, heart failure, endocarditis, valvulopathies, and Takayasu arteritis. The aim of this article is to review the available literature about the possible pathogenic mechanisms and determine preventive measures capable of reducing the incidence and severity of the cardiovascular manifestations. In IBD patients, the incidence of cardiovascular manifestations is low, but higher than that in the general population. Therefore, clinicians should pay attention to any new modification that might indicate cardiovascular involvement in IBD patients, and they should consider chronic inflammatory diseases in patients with cardiac conditions without an evident cause. Considering the role of inflammation in the development of cardiovascular manifestations, the management should include prevention of flares and maintenance of remission for as long as possible. Preventive measures should also include active screening and strict control of the cardiovascular risk factors in all IBD patients.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Bowel Disease Types Differ in Markers of Inflammation, Gut Barrier and in Specific Anti-Bacterial Response

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Coufal ◽  
Natalie Galanova ◽  
Lukas Bajer ◽  
Zuzana Gajdarova ◽  
Dagmar Schierova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Biomarker Pattern ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC-IBD), share three major pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-gut dysbiosis, gut barrier failure and immune system dysregulation. While clinical differences among them are well known, the underlying mechanisms are less explored. To gain an insight into the IBD pathogenesis and to find a specific biomarker pattern for each of them, we used protein array, ELISA and flow cytometry to analyze serum biomarkers and specific anti-microbial B and T cell responses to the gut commensals. We found that decrease in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and increase in MMP-14 are the strongest factors discriminating IBD patients from healthy subjects and that PSC-IBD patients have higher levels of Mannan-binding lectin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), CD14 and osteoprotegerin than patients with UC. Moreover, we found that low transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is associated with disease relapse and low osteoprotegerin with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) therapy. Patients with CD have significantly decreased antibody and increased T cell response mainly to genera Eubacterium, Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides. These results stress the importance of the gut barrier function and immune response to commensal bacteria and point at the specific differences in pathogenesis of PSC-IBD, UC and CD.

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