The Representation for All Model: An Agent-Based Collaborative Method for More Meaningful Citizen Participation in Urban Planning

2013 ◽  
pp. 324-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Lluïsa Marsal-Llacuna ◽  
Josep-Lluís de la Rosa-Esteva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Agent Based

Excluded communities and participatory land-use planning: experience from informal Roma settlements in Serbia

2021 ◽  
pp. 095624782110240
Author(s):  
Zlata Vuksanović-Macura ◽  
Igor Miščević
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Active Involvement

Citizen participation in the planning and decision-making process in the European post-socialist context is much debated. Still, the involvement of excluded communities in the urban planning process remains understudied. This paper presents and discusses the application of an innovative participatory approach designed to ensure active involvement of an excluded ethnic minority, the Roma community, in the process of formulating and adopting land-use plans for informal settlements in Serbia. By analysing the development of land-use plans in 11 municipalities, we observe that the applied participatory approach enhanced the inhabitants’ active participation and helped build consensus on the planned solution between the key actors. Findings also suggested that further work with citizens, capacity building of planners and administration, and secured financial mechanisms are needed to move citizen participation in urban planning beyond the limited statutory requirements.

scholarly journals New Challenges for a Collaborative Urban Planning: Digital Platform for Promoting Relationship Between Local Administration and Citizens in the City of Malaga

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Francisco Jose Chamizo Nieto ◽  
Nuria Nebot Gomez De Salazar ◽  
Carlos J. Rosa-Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Digital Tool ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
The One ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
The City

The most conventional systems in the Urban Planning practice leave out needs and real social demands through inefficient management models in many cases. Nowadays there is a social, professional and institutional demand to transform these models into new ways of thinking and planning the city that are closer to its inhabitants. In fact, there is a high social involvement of people that are helping or developing activities in favour of their local communities. However, this social activism is not visible nor recognised as the one made by regulated associations. Undoubtedly, the use of new technologies offers a framework of opportunity in these new ways of ”making the city”, as well as it becomes a new area of work and research.In this sense, there are many experiences that incorporate technology as a resource to promote citizen participation in the management of cities. However, only some of them are effective and achieve the goal of becoming a useful tool for citizens. In the city of Malaga, there are already some digital tools at the service of citizenship, although these require a process of revision and updating that allows optimizing existing resources and increasing their impact as a participation tool. As a first step, it is necessary to identify the agents and social initiatives of existing participation in the city.The objective of this project is to create an interactive digital platform that shows the city of Malaga from a real social perspective, as it makes visible and map the emerging non regulated movements, neighbourhood initiatives and new urban trends with low visibility. Finally, the aim is to create a tool for collectives, associations, administrations and other urban agents to promote synergies and relationships among all of them. The incorporation of all of them is essential for the success of the platform as a participation tool. For this, a methodology of actions is established, and it begins with the identification of possible agents and the way of interaction with each one of them. The digital tool that is used is based on the use of geographic location systems.This article collects the results of the first phase of the research project that includes a methodological proposal for mapping the real social activist reality in cities and a functional test of the digital platform created for this. Likewise, an evaluation of the experience and possible improvements to be incorporated in the successive phases of the project is advanced

scholarly journals Participatory Urban Planning: What Would Make Planners Trust the Citizens?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Åström
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
General Weakness

Based on the critical stance of citizens towards urban planning, growing attention has been directed towards new forms of citizen participation. A key expectation is that advanced digital technologies will reconnect citizens and decision makers and enhance trust in planning. However, empirical evidence suggests participation by itself does not foster trust, and many scholars refer to a general weakness of these initiatives to deliver the expected outcomes. Considering that trust is reciprocal, this article will switch focus and concentrate on planners’ attitudes towards citizens. Do urban planners generally think that citizens are trustworthy? Even though studies show that public officials are more trusting than people in general, it is possible that they do not trust citizens when interacting with government. However, empirical evidence is scarce. While there is plenty of research on citizens’ trust in government, public officials trust in citizens has received little scholarly attention. To address this gap, we will draw on a survey targeted to a representative sample of public managers in Swedish local government (N = 1430). First, urban planners will be compared with other public officials when it comes to their level of trust toward citizens’ ability, integrity and benevolence. In order to understand variations in trust, a set of institutional factors will thereafter be tested, along with more commonly used individual factors. In light of the empirical findings, the final section of the article returns to the idea of e-participation as a trust-building strategy. What would make planners trust the citizens in participatory urban planning?

Mobile Participation

2013 ◽  
pp. 199-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Höffken ◽  
Bernd Streich
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Mobile Web Services ◽  
Mobile Web ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Networked Society

Smartphones and tablet computers are becoming essential in everyday life, connecting us in a powerful network through mobile web services. They open new channels of communication between citizens, institutions and administrations, offer greater access to public information, and facilitate increased participation. These new forms of collaborative social interaction revolutionize our information and knowledge society. The chapter examines the new opportunities opened up by mobile phones for mParticipation in the context of urban planning processes. After beginning with a theoretical overview about technical developments, eParticipation and the changes in communication in a networked society, it defines the concept of mParticipation. This is followed by an examination of six real-world projects. These examples are then used for the identification of best practices and for the analysis of the usefulness and effectiveness of these new participatory tools. In addition, the chapter discusses the possibilities as well as the barriers to mobile participation, and makes recommendations for the use of smartphones in urban planning. mParticipation opens new channels of communication, creates new ways of gathering local information and has the chance for creating a low-threshold gateway for citizen participation in urban planning, by improving databases and giving instant feedback.

Need for Rethinking Modern Urban Planning Strategies Through Integration of ICTs

2018 ◽  
pp. 7843-7855
Author(s):  
Rounaq Basu ◽  
Arnab Jana
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Geocoded Data ◽  
Modern Technologies

Recent progresses in ICTs have paved the way for innovative services, and interactive models and tools. Citizen participation and open innovation have become essential tools for urban planners. These concepts can be implemented through the crowdsourcing model, which is a people-centric approach to solve societal problems using Web 2.0 technologies. This has led to the collection and sharing of geocoded data through GIS. The large amount of data required is one of the drawbacks of GIS. However, collecting such data within short durations at minimum cost has now become possible through development of web-based surveys coupled with use of DBMS. The effectiveness and importance of these three tools (Crowdsourcing, GIS, and DBMS) in modern and future urban planning strategies cannot be undermined. In conclusion, the authors argue that integration of urban policies, modern technologies and fundamental concepts of engineering will lead to discovery of new solutions to important age-old urban problems.

Planners Support of E-Participation in the Field of Urban Planning

2010 ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Granberg ◽  
Joachim Åström
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Communicative Planning ◽  
Positive Attitudes

The chapter questions what planners really mean when they display positive attitudes toward increased citizen participation via ICTs? Are they aiming for change or the reinforcement of existing values and practices? What are the assumptions that underlie and condition the explicit support for e-participation? In addressing these questions, this chapter draws upon a survey mapping the support for e-participation in the field of urban planning, targeting the heads of the planning departments in all Swedish local governments in 2006. The results show confusing or conflicting attitudes among planners towards participation, supporting as well as challenging the classic normative theories of participatory democracy and communicative planning.

scholarly journals Roles and Motivations of Planning Professionals Who Promote Public Participation in Urban Planning Practice: Two Case Studies from Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1237-1262
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Pieter Hooimeijer ◽  
Yanliu Lin ◽  
Stan Geertman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Contrasting Cases ◽  
Professional Norms ◽  
Global North ◽  
Beijing China

Public participation in urban planning is a contested issue in China. In this article, we look at the endogenous mechanism of institutional change, by analyzing the roles and motivations of “third-party” planning professionals in two contrasting cases: a government-led and a citizen-led participatory practice. Findings show that planners were advocates of citizen participation in heritage preservation in both cases and acted as “mediators” in the first and “activists” in the second, yet remained within the mainstream planning structure. Their motivation to serve the rights of the citizens was clear, but subordinate to the drive to conform to the professional norms of authenticity in preservation in both cases. In contrast to both the Global North where more agonistic approaches question inclusive planning and the Global South where insurgent planning finds space to maneuver, Chinese urban planning seems to proceed by taking small steps within narrow margins when it comes to citizen engagement.

scholarly journals Paradigm or paradox? The ‘cumbersome impasse’ of the participatory turn in Brazilian urban planning

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Friendly ◽  
Kristine Stiphany
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Collective Development ◽  
The City

The Brazilian urban reform movement expanded citizen participation in decision-making processes through a policy environment motivated by a right to the city (RTC), a collective development strategy for political transformation. Yet recent events evidence that social exclusion and spatial segregation remain dominant features of the Brazilian city. These contradictions have led planning scholars and practitioners to grapple with misalignment between the reform movement’s paradigmatic goals and its paradoxical failures. We build upon this genre of thinking to assess critical areas of paradigm and paradox in Brazilian planning – insurgent urbanism, informality and knowledge – each of which is rooted in the lesser-understood concept of autogestão for improving the equity of land division through urban planning.1 Although not all inclusive of the issues faced by Brazilian cities, these three categories were selected for best representing how Brazil’s participatory turn established a range of paradigmatic and paradoxical conditions that can help us to understand cities in Brazil and beyond and might better leverage autogestão in the future.

Citizen Participation in Chinese Urban Planning: Learning from Shenyang and Qingdao

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 1503-1506
Author(s):  
Chong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Renewal Project

This article reviews two projects with citizen participation in China: the resource recovery project in Shenyang and Taidong facade renewal project in Qingdao. In Shenyang, the international experts’ team motivated about 600 inhabitants to separate bioorganic garbage with satisfying result. In Qingdao, the cooperation between the government and the voluntary artists’ organization effectively completed the facade renewal project of Taidong commercial area. These two projects are able to demonstrate that citizen participation helps improve the quality of Chinese urban space under present conditions, and that the push of the authority and the moderation of the specialists are the key factors for successfully integrating the strength of the citizens into planning practice.

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