Gauss and UTM Conformal Projections and the Plane Rectangular Coordinate System

Geodesy ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 265-326
Author(s):  
Zhiping Lu ◽  
Yunying Qu ◽  
Shubo Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System

Axisymmetric Isothermal Forging

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiro Kobayashi ◽  
Soo-Ik Oh ◽  
Taylan Altan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Complex Deformation ◽  
Fem Method ◽  
Natural Coordinate System ◽  
Main Dimension

According to Spies, the majority of forgings can be classified into three main groups. The first group consists of compact shapes that have approximately the same dimensions in all three directions. The second group consists of disk shapes that have two of the three dimensions (length and width) approximately equal and larger than the height. The third group consists of the long shapes that have one main dimension significantly larger than the two others. All axially symmetric forgings belong to the second group, which includes approximately 30% of all commonly used forgings. A basic axisymmetric forging process is compression of cylinders. It is a relatively simple operation and thus it is often used as a property test and as a preforming operation in hot and cold forging. The apparent simplicity, however, turns into a complex deformation when friction is present at the die–workpiece interface. With the finite-element method, this complex deformation mode can be examined in detail. In this chapter, compression of cylinders and related forming operations are discussed. Since friction at the tool–workpiece interface is an important factor in the analysis of metal-forming processes, this aspect is also given particular consideration. Further, applications of the FEM method for complex-shaped dies are shown in the examples of forging and cabbaging. Finite-element discretization with a quadrilateral element is similar to that given in Chap. 8. The cylindrical coordinate system (r, ϑ, z) is used instead of the rectangular coordinate system. The element is a ring element with a quadrilateral cross-section, as shown in Fig. 9.1. The ξ and η of the natural coordinate system vary from −1 to 1 within each element.

A SIMPLIFIED TEXTURAL CLASSIFICATION DIAGRAM

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Toogood
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System

A textural diagram based on per cent clay and per cent sand is proposed. With a standard rectangular coordinate system it is easier to use than currently suggested triangles.

scholarly journals On the Volume in Homogeneous Spaces

1959 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 201-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Kurita
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Space ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Homogeneous Spaces ◽  
Closed Curve ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Parametric Motion

Guldin-Pappus’s theorem about the volume of a solid of rotation in the euclidean space has been generalized in two ways. G. Koenigs [1] and J. Hadamard [2] proved that the volume generated by a 1-parametric motion of a surface D bounded by a closed curve c is equal to where are quantities attached to D with respect to a rectangular coordinate system, while are quantities determined by our motion.

Calculation of Meshing Efficiency of Helical Gear Based on Double Integral Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 458-462
Author(s):  
D.G. Chang ◽  
F. Shu ◽  
X.B. Chen ◽  
Y.J. Zou
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Integral Method ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Double Integral ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Theoretical Results

The meshing efficiency of helical gear transmission is calculated by using the method of double integral. The external involute helical gear meshing is taken and the model of helical gears is simplified by the idea of differential. The instantaneous efficiency equation of a meshing point is derived, and further more the rectangular coordinate system of meshing zone of helical gears is established. The average meshing efficiency of helical gears is achieved by using double integral method. Then, the influence of design parameters is studied and the efficiency formula is verified by comparing the theoretical results with relevant experimental data, which can provide a theoretical basis for decide the design parameters.

Where is Droopy?

1972 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-272
Author(s):  
Ron Rainsbury
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Cartoon Characters

Cartoons and cartoon characters are great favorites among children. Why not use this interest in the classroom! Sixth graders at Washington School in Eugene, Oregon, were introduced to the rectangular coordinate system with a game—and the object of the game was to locate Droopy, a cartoon canine.

ON THE VALIDITY OF THE USE OF THE UPWARD CONTINUATION INTEGRAL FOR TOTAL MAGNETIC INTENSITY DATA

Geophysics ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland G. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Dirichlet Problem ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Magnetic Intensity ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Normal Field ◽  
Upward Continuation ◽  
Gravity Fields

The integral solving the Dirichlet problem for a plane, known as the “upward continuation integral” to exploration geophysicists working with magnetic and gravity fields, is sometimes misunderstood. Recently, some geophysicists have commented that its use in continuing ΔT, the component of the total intensity anomaly in the direction of the earth’s normal field, is suspect, the thought being that only components normal to the surface can be so continued. The integral in question is [Formula: see text]where ΔT(α, β) represents measured total intensity values on the plane of observations z=0, in a right handed rectangular coordinate system in which the z axis is positive vertically downward.

A Gesture Recognition Algorithm Using Hausdorff-Like Distance Template Matching Based on the Main Direction of Gesture

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 2156-2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Wen Yang ◽  
Zhi Quan Feng ◽  
Zhong Zhu Huang ◽  
Na Na He
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Gesture Recognition ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Video Stream ◽  
Recognition Algorithm ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
Hand Gesture ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Image Area

Hand gesture of rotation, scaling and translation is the key problem of gesture recognition. This paper proposes a gesture recognition algorithm based on Hausdorff-like distance template matching of gesture main direction. Firstly, we segment hand gesture from video stream. Secondly, we calculate the main direction of gesture in the image, and build a 2D rectangular coordinate system. Then, we clockwise divide the gesture into eight sub-image area along the main direction of gesture and calculate the coordinates of target pixel points in each sub-image area in the 2D rectangular coordinate system. Finally, the algorithm of Hausdorff-like distance template matching is used to recognize the final gesture. Experimental results show that this algorithm can achieve real-time correct recognition of gestures in relatively stable light conditions. The overall recognition rate can reach 95%.

Solution for Best Fitting Spherical Curvature Radius and Asphericity of Off-Axis Aspherics of Optical Aspheric Surface Component

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Jun Dong ◽  
Cheng Shun Han ◽  
Shen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Axial Symmetry ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Cylindrical Coordinate ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Spherical Curvature

This study aimed to establish the coordinate transformation between the off-axis aspherics coordinate system σ and the axial symmetry aspherics coordinate system σ by transforming coordinates and present the computation models of asphericity in rectangular coordinate system and cylindrical coordinate system respectively. The asphericity expressions in both coordinate systems were applicable to the comparative sphere calculation of Off-axis aspherics with different figures. We selected an Initiation sphere in view of technology, along with equations in a right coordinate system for certain caliber and structure. Then, by numerical computation, we selected the best fitting sphere and simplifed the complex models by choosing a right coordinate system. At last, the solution for asphericity and the best fitting sphere curvature radius of off-axis aspherics were introduced by examples.

scholarly journals Methodology of determining of the transfer function of engagement kinematics of accelerations of an aircraft and its elliptic coordinates used for thr guidance based on time difference of arrival

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
V. V. Legkostup ◽  
V. E. Markevich
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Rectangular Coordinate System ◽  
Time Difference Of Arrival ◽  
Elliptic Coordinates ◽  
Curvilinear Coordinate ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
And Control

This paper discusses the problem of determining a kinematics (in terms of transfer function, as far as possible) of parameters of the motion of an aircraft expressed in the curvilinear coordinate system and control accelerations expressed in a rectangular coordinate system. Examples of curvilinear coordinate systems using in practice can be polar, biangular, two-center bipolar, elliptic, parabolic cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, coordinate systems. A technique for obtaining a kinematic link for the control problem of an unmanned aerial vehicle in the elliptic coordinate system was described. It allowed to obtain simpler view of the kinematic link which could provide navigation an aircraft along the hyperbola deriving from the time difference of arrival navigation system. It can. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of the navigation radio beacons.

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